Éditeur(s) : ISTPM
Résumé : The foreign artisanal fishery of Pointe-Noire (Congo) significantly evolved since its beginning, in the 1950s, by the number of fishermen and canoes, as well as the fishing techniques used and by its socio-economic organization. The fishery for Sardinella by surface gill-nets, its main activity, is based on common ownership and savings, thus allowing partial reinvestment of fishing revenues, the riskier (such as bottom gill-net) being left to individual initiatives. The foreign fishery employs many Congolese fishermen, in a permanent or very occasional way. However no improvement effect seems to have taken place in favor of the local artisanal fishery.
La pêcherie artisanale étrangère de Pointe-Noire, dite « béninoise », a significativement évolué depuis ses débuts, dans les années 1950, tant par ses effectifs en hommes et en pirogues, que par les moyens techniques et socio-économiques mis en oeuvre. La pêche de la sardinelle au filet maillant de surface, qui en est l'activité principale, repose sur la propriété et l'épargne collectives, qui assurent le réinvestissement partiel des revenus, les pêches où les risques sont plus élevés (filet dormant de fond) ne sont pratiquées qu'à titre individuel. Outre son rôle essentiel d'approvisionnement en poisson de la région de Pointe-Noire et les emplois indirects qu'elle crée, la pêcherie béninoise emploie de nombreux pêcheurs congolais, de façon permanente ou très occasionnelle ; cependant, aucun effet d'entraînement ne semble s'être produit au profit de la pêche artisanale locale.
Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes (0035-2276) (ISTPM), 1983-12 , Vol. 47 , N. 3-4 , P. 251-260

Droits : Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/publication-1829.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1829/

Résumé : A systematic census of the fishing boats, of their motors and of the fishing gears has been conducted in Martinique in 1985, as par of a program entitleè "Antillean fisheries study" of the "Pôle de Recherche Océanologique et Halieutique Caraïbe". In addition, a comparison of our results with those of previous inquiries and scattered informations gives the opportunity for presenting the main qualitative and quantitative tendancies of the different components of the fishing fleet, of its motorization and of the fishing gears in Martinique during the last past decades. NOT CONTROLLED OCR
Un recencement systématique des embarcations de pêche, de leurs moteurs et des engins de pêche a été réalisé à la M~Martinique en 1985, dans le cadre du programme d'évaluation des Pêcheries Antillaises" du Pôle de Recherche Océanologique et Halieutique Caraïbe. La confrontation des résultats de cette enquête avec ceux des enquêtes et informations éparses antérieures fournit en outre l'occasion de retracer dans ses grandes lignes l'évolution qualitative et quantitative des différentes composantes de la flottille de pêche, de sa motorisation et des engins de captures à la Martinique au cours des dernières décennies. OCR NON CONTRÔLE

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/rapport-3887.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/3887/

Résumé : 3D modelling of the fishing gear flume tank at IFREMER's Lorient site Within the framework of their training, it is suggested that students in their first year of the "Industrial Product Design" BTS (vocational training certificate) at the Colbert de Lorent school participate in an internship in order to put into practice their acquired skills and to familiarise themselves with the work environment. Erwan Davigo did his internship at IFREMER's Lorient station, in the Fishing Technology department, from 18 May 1998 to 26 June 1998 (placement supervisor: Gérard Bavouzet). The study topic focuses on modelling the Lorient station's test basin in three dimensions, thus making it possible to complete the documentation base. IFREMER is presented in its entirety in the first part of the report. The second part explains the work performed.
Dans le cadre de leur formation, il est proposé aux étudiants de première année de BTS « Conception de Produits Industriels » du lycée Colbert de Lorient d'effectuer un stage afin de mettre en pratique les connaissances acquises et de se familiariser avec le monde du travail. Erwan Davigo a fait son stage à la station IFREMER de Lorient, au sein du service Technologie des Pêches, du 18 mai 1998 au 26 juin 1998 (maître de stage : Gérard Bavouzet). Le sujet d'étude porte sur la modélisation en trois dimensions du bassin d'essais de la station de Lorient, permettant ainsi de compléter la base documentaire. L' IFREMER est présenté dans son ensemble dans la première partie du rapport. La seconde partie expose le travail réalisé

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/rapport-2650.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/2650/

Éditeur(s) : Pêche thonière et dispositifs de concentration de poissons, Caribbean-Martinique, 15-19 Oct 1999
Résumé : Over the last 16 years, the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC - formerly the South Pacific Commission) has been developing and providing information on mid-water fishing techniques targeting the larger, deeper-swimming tunas that aggregate around FADs. SPC masterfishermen have conducted in-country fishing trials to test methods, such as vertical longlines, and train local fishermen in their construction and use. Vertical longline catch rates have varied considerably due to a range of reasons with no catches reported in some locations, or just sharks, to highs of over 6.5 kg /10 hooks/hour being recorded in other locations. Other methods like drop-stone, palu-ahi, and single-hook drifting lines have been developed within the region, with SPC adopting and transferring this technology to other locations. To further disseminate this information, SPC has recently published a technical manual outlining a range of mid-water fishing gears and techniques that can be used in association with FADs. An outline of the main gears and techniques with catch data where available is presented, with factors influencing catches discussed based on the findings of SPC masterfishermen over the years.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15295/12653.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15295/

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : In the Caribbean, snappers (Lutjanidae) and groupers (Serranidae) are often heavily exploited by artisanal or industrial fisheries. This paper analyzes the catches of an artisanal fishery selectively targeting these species with a moderate fishing pressure in the Bay Islands (Honduras), and discusses the implications on the understanding of the early stages of development of reef fisheries. Although snappers and groupers are targeted with handlines and spearguns in the whole archipelago, the differences in species diversity and size structure of the catch reveals various exploitation patterns. In most areas, a depletion is observed for the most vulnerable snapper and grouper species, and most other species are mainly exploited in their juvenile phase; clear signs of an intensification process are apparent in one of the areas. The comparison of the relative production in the Bay Islands with other reef fisheries in the Caribbean suggests that higher values may be related to moderate fishing pressure and appropriate combinations of fishing effort and selectivity. This example shows how fisheries strictly targeting a high quality resource with selective fishing techniques can be quite productive even at high levels of effort, but also that they are progressively lead to broaden their species range (sooner or later at the expense of the most vulnerable, often large-sized, species) while increasingly using less selective gears.
Fisheries Research (0165-7836) (Elsevier), 2005-06 , Vol. 73 , N. 1-2 , P. 159-169

Droits : 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-512.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.fishres.2004.12.008
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/512/

Éditeur(s) : Blackwell science
Résumé : This paper deals with the design of modelling tools suitable for investigating the consequences of alternative policies on the dynamics of resources and fisheries, such as the evaluation of marine protected areas (MPA). We first review the numerous models that have been developed for this purpose, and compare them from several standpoints: population modelling, exploitation modelling and management measure modelling. We then present a generic fisheries simulation model, Integration of Spatial Information for FISHeries simulation (ISIS-Fish). This spatially explicit model allows quantitative policy screening for fisheries with mixed-species harvests. It may be used to investigate the effects of combined management scenarios including a variety of policies: total allowable catch (TAC), licenses, gear restrictions, MPA, etc. Fisher's response to management may be accounted for by means of decision rules conditioned on population and exploitation parameters. An application to a simple example illustrates the relevance of this kind of tool for policy screening, particularly in the case of mixed fisheries. Finally, the reviewed models and ISIS-Fish are discussed and confronted in the light of the underlying assumptions and model objectives. In the light of this discussion, we identify desirable features for fisheries simulation models aimed at policy evaluation, and particularly MPA evaluation.
Fish and Fisheries (1467-2960) (Blackwell science), 2005-12 , Vol. 6 , N. 4 , P. 307-349

Droits : 2005 Blackwell Publishing, Inc
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-1031.pdf
DOI:10.1111/j.1467-2979.2005.00199.x
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1031/

Éditeur(s) : ICES 2008 Annual Science Conference, 22-26 september 2008, HALIFAX, CANADA
Résumé : While the majority of small-scale coastal fisheries are found in developing nations, a considerable number exist in developed nations as well. Indeed, small-scale fisheries are strongly represented in all European Union (EU) Member States, 81% and 87% of the EU 25 whole fleet is composed of vessels less than 12 and 15 meters long respectively. In 2000, European regulation established a fisheries data collection framework including economic information requirements in order to provide the scientific basis for the implementation of the Common Fisheries Policy. This paper presents the methodology designed to collect the relevant economic data and characterize the status of the French fleets from an economic perspective. Based on stratified sampling plan including the following of small-scale fleets, data collection by field survey is based on a single questionnaire for all the fleets, whatever the size of the vessel, the gear used, the fishing area or the species targeted. It provides a large data set including earnings and costs but also capital, employment, fishing activity figures. Statistical analysis through a revenue model gives the basis for a re-assessing of the small-scale fisheries contribution to national production. Economic indicators such as gross added value, revenues, and direct employment are derived from the data set. The significant role of small scale fisheries in the French fishing sector is established and the impact of the rising fuel costs in fisheries is discussed.

Droits : 2008 ICES
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00059/16998/14500.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00059/16998/

Résumé : L'homme a rapidement diversifié ses engins de pêche et on remarquera que les techniques alternatives qui sont actuellement pressenties pour remplacer le chalut prépondérant, sont des techniques très anciennes.

Droits : Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00002/11355/7928.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00002/11355/

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : Choice of sampling method and survey period can have an important impact on the perception of the structure and dynamics of an ecological community. For the Celtic Sea fish assemblage we compared data obtained by three different trawl surveys: an autumn groundfish survey with a GOV trawl, and a spring and an autumn groundfish survey, both carried out with a Portuguese high-headline trawl. Time-series of abundance estimates were not consistent among surveys for all species and were generally very noisy. An analysis of variance components showed that the sampling method contributed more to the variance in abundance estimates compared to survey period, interannual variability, or even sampling variance. Overall community assessments based on indicators such as proportions of non-commercial and piscivorous species, and the proportion of benthic species showed similar trends for all data series. The shape of the size spectrum based on abundances per length class summed over all fish species, although stable over time, was highly sensitive to the sampling method. With the exception of size spectra, community indicators for marine fish assemblages monitored by surveys seem to be robust to survey period and trawling gear, but species abundance trends are method dependent.
ICES Journal of Marine Science (1054-3139) (Elsevier), 2004-05 , Vol. 61 , N. 3 , P. 351-362

Droits : 2004 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-899.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.icesjms.2004.01.004
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/899/

Éditeur(s) : Office Scientifique Et Technique Des Pêches Maritimes
Notes et Rapports (Nouvelle serie) (Office Scientifique Et Technique Des Pêches Maritimes), 1949-02 , Vol. 4

Droits : Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1949/publication-2207.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/2207/