Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
STUDY QUESTION: Can protein biomarkers of the male genital tract be identified in human seminal plasma? SUMMARY ANSWER: We identified potential biomarkers for each of the organs participating in the secretions of the human seminal plasma. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The seminal plasma fulfills critical functions for fertility by providing spermatozoa with a protective milieu, promoting their final maturation and modulating the immune responsiveness of the female reproductive tract. It is also considered to be a promising source of biomarkers of male infertility and/or pathologies of the male genital tract. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This study combines proteomic analyses of normal seminal plasma together with transcriptomic gene expression profiling of human healthy tissues. MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Non-liquefied seminal plasma proteins from a healthy donor were prefractionated using two sequential Proteominer™ libraries. Eight subproteome fractions were collected, trypsin digested and subjected to three successive mass spectrometry analyses for peptide characterization. The list of identified proteins was compared with and merged with other available data sets of the human seminal plasma proteome. The expression of corresponding genes was then investigated using tissue transcriptome profiles to determine where, along the male reproductive tract, these proteins were produced. Finally, tissue specificity of a selected subset of biomarker candidates was validated on human tissues. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: We first performed a proteomic analysis of the human seminal plasma and identified 699 proteins. By comparing our protein list with other previous proteomic data sets, we found that 2545 unique proteins have been described so far in the human seminal plasma. We then profiled their expression at the gene level and identified 83 testis, 42 epididymis, 7 seminal vesicle and 17 prostate candidate protein markers. For a subset of testis-specific candidates, i.e. TKTL1, LDHC and PGK2, we further validated their germ cell expression and demonstrated that such markers could distinguish between semen from fertile and infertile men. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: While some of the markers we identified are well-known tissue-specific products, further dedicated studies to validate the biomarker status of new candidates will be required. Additionally, whether or not the abundance of these proteins is indeed decreased in some specific pathological situations remains to be determined. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Using an integrative genomics approach, we identified biomarker candidates for each of the organs participating in the seminal plasma production. In this study, we essentially focused on germ cell markers and their potential application for the diagnosis of male infertility. Other types of markers also deserve a focused attention given their potential predictive value for various reproductive disorders, notably for prostate cancers. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This work was supported by the Proteomics Core Facility at Biogenouest and was funded by Conseil Régional de Bretagne, IBiSA and Agence de la Biomédecine grants. The authors declare that there exists a competing financial interest in this work that is related to a patent application on the use of identified germ cell-specific proteins in an antibody-based assay (Fertichip™) to predict the successful testicular biopsy outcomes in human non-obstructive azoospermia.
ISSN: 0268-1161

inserm-00814146
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00814146
DOI : 10.1093/humrep/des360
PUBMED : 23024119

Éditeur(s) : Sage Publications
Résumé : It is becoming increasingly clear that humans impact marine ecosystems and their biodiversity to a very considerate degree, and evidence of the scale of impact is growing. An enabling factor for this has been a change in focus from local-level studies to increased emphasis on meta-analysis of global or regional-level analysis of fisheries' impact, Results include the facts that the world's total fish catches have been decreasing over the last decade or more; that larger, predatory fishes (table fish) are becoming increasingly scarcer; and that we are appropriating the ocean shelves' primary productivity to the same level as we are for terrestrial ecosystems. Ecosystems are being eroded in countries throughout the world, and though one might get the impression from the IUCN Red List that it is mainly a developed-country problem, it is alarming that the impact of severe overfishing may be on an even larger scale for developing countries. We describe aspects of the risks overfishing poses to marine ecosystems, and point out how ecosystem approaches to fisheries can be used to evaluate the potential impact of alternative fishing policy scenarios.
Il devient de plus en plus clair que les activités humaines altèrent les écosystèmes marins et leur biodiversité à un degré considérable, et les preures de l'échelle des impacts anthropiques s'accumulent. Un des facteurs déterminants de cette prise de conscience réside dans le changement d'échelle des études de l'impact des pêches qui sont passées d'un niveau local à un niveau global ou régional au travers d'études de type méta-analyse. Les résultats obtenus les plus évocateurs incluent le fait que la totalité des captures mondiales de poissons a diminué pendant la dernière décennie ou plus; que les grands prédateurs (l'essentiel des poissons "de table") deviennent de plus en plus rares; et que nous nous approprions la productivité primaire des plateaux continentaux au même titre que nous nous sommes appropriés celle des écosystèmes terrestres. Les écosystèmes sont érodés dans les pays du monde entier, et bien que la liste rouge de l'IUCN laisse penser que c'est principalement le problème des pays développés, il est alarmant de constater que l'impact de la surpêche excessive pourrait être une échelle bien plus grande encore pour les pays en voie de développement. Nous décrivons certains aspects des risques que pose la surpêche pour les écosystèmes marins, et mettons en exergue comment l'approche écosystémique des pêches peut être employée pour évaluer l'impact potentiel de scénarios alternatifs de règlementation des pêches.
Social Science Information (0539-0184) (Sage Publications), 2007-03 , Vol. 46 , N. 1 , P. 67-86

Droits : 2007 Sage Publications
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-6123.pdf
DOI:10.1177/0539018407073656
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/6123/

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles Études caribéennes
Résumé : Afin de comprendre en quoi la patrimonialisation est susceptible de révéler un lien avec la notion politique et institutionnelle de développement, nous étudions les modalités savantes de fabrication du site de Teotihuacán, son insertion dans un récit national puis les formes de son internationalisation par le biais de son inscription, en 1987, sur la liste du patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco. Nous détaillons les liens entre l’archéologie nationale et l’anthropologie historique, ainsi que leur rapport à l’espace et aux territoires des cultures précolombiennes. Ainsi l' étude révèle que le lien historique avec le passé des populations précolombiennes mis au jour par la patrimonialisation du site a permis le rapprochement des deux composantes de l’identité mexicaine contemporaine, indienne et hispanique. Nous présentons ensuite, à partir de l’œuvre poétique d’Octavio Paz, les convergences entre le contenu historique et le contenu culturel dont les représentations du site sont porteuses. On montre ainsi que Teotihuacán a pris place dans un vaste territoire mental, culturel et mémoriel, servant à la constitution d’un projet pour le futur.
To understand to what extent the heritage fabrication may reveal a link with the political and institutional notion of development, we study the learned modalities of making the site of Teotihuacán, its insertion in the national narrative then the forms of its internationalization by means of its registration, in 1987, on the UNESCO World Heritage List. We analyze the links between national archaeology and historic anthropology, as well as their relationship in the space and in the territories of the pre-Colombian cultures. The historical linkage between the contemporary Mexico with the past of the pre-Columbian populations revealed by the archaeological exploration of the site has made possible the reconciliation of both components of the contemporary Indian and Hispanic Mexican identity. From the Octavio Paz’s poetic work, we underline the convergences between the historic and the cultural contents whose representations carried by the site. We show that Teotihuacán took place in a wide mental, cultural and memory territory, being of use to the constitution of a project for future.
Mexique

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
urn:doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.6953
http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/6953

Éditeur(s) : Musée des Cultures Guyanaises (Cayenne) Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi (Belém) Stichting Surinaams Museum (Paramaribo)
Extrait de : Journées du patrimoine. "Patrimoines partagés : rencontres transfrontalières", le 17 septembre 2011. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane
Description : Le projet d'inscription du rituel du maraké sur la liste de sauvegarde UNESCO du patrimoine culturel immatériel pourra servir de point de départ à une discussion sur la conservation et la transmission du patrimoine immatériel : quelles leçons tirer des expériences mises en oeuvre dans nos trois pays ? A quelles conditions ce patrimoine reste-t-il vivant ? Comment en assurer la transmission sans le « congeler » ? La question de l'écriture des langues de tradition orale sera également abordée : pourquoi ? pour qui ? comment ?
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21
Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V12025
V12025

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
Boat docked near a sign that reads "Elbow Cay Club, Elbow Cay Abaco". The name listed on the boat is Hedone, Tampa. Homes and trees are in the background. Slide labeled Hope Town.
Bahamas -- North America -- Hope Town, Elbow Cay, Abaco

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
Sheet 18:11
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00029553/00001

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles Études caribéennes
Résumé : Les ressources marines constituent une richesse économique d’une grande importance pour un grand nombre de pays de la planète. Du fait de l’action de l’homme, ces ressources subissent une fragilisation et une raréfaction dues entre autres à la pollution, à la surpêche, à l’urbanisation intensive... S’ajoute à cette liste, depuis quelques années, le réchauffement de la planète qui affecte d’une manière sensible la diversité biologique marine. Pourtant les réponses internationales face à cette dégradation, au-delà du fait qu’elles sont timides, sont rares. Il faudra dès lors se rabattre sur les solutions de lutte globale contre le réchauffement de la planète entreprise par la communauté internationale afin de contrer cette dégradation.
Marine resources are a wealth of great economic importance for many countries in the world. Due to the action of man, these resources undergo embrittlement and rarification among others to pollution, overfishing, urbanization, intensive ... Added to this list in recent years, the global warming that affects a significantly marine biodiversity. Yet the international response to this degradation, beyond the fact that they are shy, is rare. It will therefore fall back on solutions to the global fight against global warming taken by the international community to counter this degradation.
Danemark
Mexique

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
urn:doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.4421
http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/4421

Éditeur(s) : Clark, Austin & Smith Clark, Austin & Smith ( New York (3 Park Row and 3 Ann-Street) )
Résumé : "In this edition of Robinson Crusoe, it is designed to present the complete story, as originally published by Defoe, freed from the exceptionable passages which that contains."--Advertisement, p. 2.
Massachusetts copyright 1835 by Samuel G. Goodrich. Not listed among the works for which Goodrich claimed editorial responsibility. Cf. Goodrich, Recollections of a lifetime, 1856, v. 2, p. 537 ff.
Last page blank.
In blue cloth.
"Biographical notice of Daniel Defoe."--P. 331-335.
(Funding) Preservation and Access for American and British Children's Literature, 1870-1889 (NEH PA-50860-00).
United States -- New York -- New York

Droits : This item is presumed to be in the public domain. The University of Florida George A. Smathers Libraries respect the intellectual property rights of others and do not claim any copyright interest in this item. Users of this work have responsibility for determining copyright status prior to reusing, publishing or reproducing this item for purposes other than what is allowed by fair use or other copyright exemptions. Any reuse of this item in excess of fair use or other copyright exemptions may require permission of the copyright holder. The Smathers Libraries would like to learn more about this item and invite individuals or organizations to contact The Department of Special and Area Studies Collections (special@uflib.ufl.edu) with any additional information they can provide.
22869966

North America -- United States Virgin Islands
Caribbean
1970-2005

Éditeur(s) : V. Valcin, imprimeur V. Valcin, imprimeur ( Port-au-Prince, Haiti )
Résumé : A list of the presidents of Haiti, 1804 to 1915, with dates of their tenure of office: p. vi-ix.
Haiti -- Caribbean
Haiti
Haiti

000637368
ADG7076
13457577
23832065

Éditeur(s) : U.S. G.P.O. : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O. U.S. G.P.O. : ( Washington ) For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.
Résumé : (System Details) Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche.
Shipping list no.: 2006-0147-P.
"Serial no. 109-106."
Western Hemisphere
Western Hemisphere
Latin America
Latin America
Haiti
Amérique
Amérique
Amérique latine
Amérique latine
Haïti

680483365

Éditeur(s) : Inter-Research
Résumé : We studied the foraging rhythms of green sea turtles Chelonia mydas on the seagrass beds of N'Gouja Bay, Mayotte Island (Comoros Archipelago) with acoustic transmitters and moored listening stations. We monitored 8 tagged turtles (4 probable males, 3 probable females and 1 immature), from 70 to 109 cm curved carapace length (CCL), for durations ranging from 5 to 92 d. The turtles exhibited a regular diel pattern: they foraged mainly during the day (on average 87% of seagrass detections were between 06:00 and 18:00 h) and rested on the inner reef slope during the night. Night time feeding activities were observed on the seagrass bed when the night light was high. The presence of turtles on the seagrass bed at night was significantly correlated with a night light index (r = 0.54, p = 0.002), which included both moon light and cloudiness indices. Behaviour of the only immature individual observed was similar to adult turtles, although it rested more frequently around noon. All turtles displayed a high fidelity to 1 foraging site within the seagrass bed. Acoustic transmitters and permanent listening stations are an appropriate technique for long-term behavioural studies of turtles, with no human interaction with turtles during tracking, and represent a suitable technique to assess the possible effects of environmental changes or human activities upon green turtle behaviour.
Marine Ecology Progress Series (0171-8630) (Inter-Research), 2006 , Vol. 306 , P. 295-302

Droits : Inter-Research 2006
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-3616.pdf
DOI:10.3354/meps306295
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/3616/

Éditeur(s) : Gauthier-Villars
Résumé : This review addresses the problem of recently introduced plants in the Mediterranean in order to analyse their vectors, the dispersal processes and the possible ecological and economic consequences. Ninety-five cases (94 macroscopic algae and one seagrass) are listed and discussed. Three major routes of access into the Mediterranean are indicated: shipping, the Suez canal and aqua-culture. The recent introduction of Caulerpa taxifolia along our coasts has called attention to a new potential source: aquaria. Among the successful acclimatizations, cold-temperate Pacific and Atlantic species remain confined to the north of the Mediterranean (Gulf of Lions, Adriatic), whereas some tropical or sub-tropical plants colonize large areas. Some introduced algae proliferate to the detriment of the indigenous Mediterranean vegetation. In contrast with some terrestrial introductions, no population crash has been observed in the Mediterranean, although some notable fluctuations seem to occur in coastal lagoons. From an economic point of view, the two activities most affected by this phenomenon are aquaculture and fishing. With the gradual disappearance of European frontiers, the worldwide development of marine cultures and the multiplication of giant Seaworlds, the transfer of live marine organisms will become routine and the risk of new introductions will considerably increase in the Mediterranean. Only international legislation, established by the countries of the littoral, will be able to control these problems.
Oceanologica Acta (0399-1784) (Gauthier-Villars), 1994 , Vol. 17 , N. 1 , P. 1-23

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00098/20879/18493.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00098/20879/

Résumé : Pages missing in original. Original discarded after digitization.
The author listed in the volume here as H. S. Bunbury may be Henry Shirley Bunbury, with that name included in another text (http://archive.org/stream/songsballadsofgr00helprich#page/n25/mode/2up)
Caribbean

http://ufdc.ufl.edu/CA01300005/00001

Éditeur(s) : Neidine Editeurs
Résumé : This article has for objective to put forward the ethical values of the sea and the ocean. After a reminder(abs of the marine origin of life on earth and what the human always carries in him tracks of this origin, we underline several characteristics: the regulation of the climate by the ocean, the specificities of part of the animal kingdom which unlike other did not conquer the terrestrial domain, the fact that marine biological material was at the origin of numerous Nobel prizes, finally which the sea holds number of biological, mineral, energy resources etc. which will be the resources of tomorrow. The following part is dedicated to the human values which the sea inculcates to those who frequent her. We offer a list of some current expressions of the French language the origin of which is marine or maritime. We discuss then about prosperous nations, sometimes small ones, which knew how to put forward the values of the sea and benefit from it for their influence. We talk about the symbols pulled by the sea, in particular the shells and their value, which various civilizations and peoples have known to adopt. We end on the New Caledonian case and on the opportunities and the assets which can be, considering its marine and maritime values as an island Pacific country.
Cet article a pour objectif de mettre en avant les valeurs éthiques de la mer et de l’océan. Après un rappel de l’origine marine de la vie sur terre et du fait que l’homme porte toujours en lui des traces de cette origine, on souligne plusieurs caractéristiques : la régulation du climat par l’océan, les spécificités de certains embranchements du règne animal qui à la différence d’autres n’ont pas conquis le domaine terrestre, le fait que matériel biologique marin a été à l’origine de nombreux prix Nobel, enfin que la mer recèle nombre de ressources biologiques, minérales, énergétiques etc… qui seront les ressources de demain. La partie suivante est consacrée aux valeurs humaines que la mer inculque à ceux qui la fréquentent. On offre une liste d’expressions courantes de la langue française dont l’origine est marine ou maritime. On discute ensuite des nations florissantes, parfois petites, qui ont su mettre en avant les valeurs de la mer et en tirer profit pour leur rayonnement. On disserte sur les symboles tirés de la mer et notamment des coquillages et de leur valeur que différentes civilisations et peuples ont su adopter. On conclue sur le cas calédonien et sur les opportunités et atouts qui peuvent être les siens de considérer ses valeurs marines et maritimes en tant que pays insulaire du Pacifique.
Tai Kona (2269-7535) (Neidine Editeurs), 2014-07 , N. 9 , P. 28-43

Droits : Tai Kona
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00203/31393/29782.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00203/31393/

Éditeur(s) : ISTPM
Résumé : Cette liste comprend les Tuniciers pélagiques (Pyrosomatidae, Salpidae , Doliolidae) capturés au filet Schmidt, et au filet pélagique vertical au cours de la cinquième croisière du Président Théodore-Tissier. [OCR NON CONTRÔLE]
Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes (0035-2276) (ISTPM), 1938-09 , Vol. 11 , N. 3 , P. 315-333

Droits : Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1938/publication-6905.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/6905/

Éditeur(s) : H Deschamps H Deschamps ( Port-au-Prince Haèiti )
Résumé : (Bibliography) "Liste des ouvrages du gâenâeral Nemours": p. viii-x.
At head of title: Gâenâeral Nemours.
Haiti

14078672
46022436

Éditeur(s) : OMICS Publishing Group
Résumé : Coastal tropical shrimp farming may impact the adjacent ecosystems through the release of large quantities of effluents rich in nutrients. In New Caledonia, mangroves are considered as a natural biofilter to reduce impacts on the surrounding World Heritage listed lagoon. Our main objective was to understand the influence of effluent discharge on the biogeochemistry of mangrove sediments. A monitoring of the physico-chemical parameters of mangrove sediments was carried out during a whole year, including active and non active periods of the farm. The parameters studied were: i) benthic primary production (Chl-a concentrations), ii) physico-chemical parameters of sediments (redox potential, pH, salinity, TOC, TN, TS, δ13C and δ15N), iii) concentrations of dissolved nitrogen, iron and phosphorus. A mangrove developing in the same physiographic conditions, presenting the same zonation, and free of anthropogenic input was used as reference. The concentration of benthic Chl-a measured at sediment surface in the effluent receiving mangrove was twice to three times that measured in the control zone whatever the season. We thus suggest that nutrients inputs significantly increased the phytobenthic production in the effluent receiving mangrove during the whole year, even after the cessation of discharges and because of natural seasonal dynamic of phytobenthos. Although the flow of surface OM was increased, the OM content at depth was not higher than in the control mangrove. However, the contribution of mangrove detritus to the sedimentary organic pool was higher probably as a result of higher density and much greater individual size of the mangrove trees. Unlike the control mangrove sediment, the effluent receiving mangrove sediment was not stratified, redox potential values were high and presence of Fe3+ was detected down to 50 cm depth, probably as a result of a larger root system, allowing a better sediment oxygenation and accentuated OM decomposition processes, and thus limiting ecosystem saturation.
Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development (21559546) (OMICS Publishing Group), 2014-07-03 , Vol. 5 , N. 5 , P. 1-13

Droits : 2014 Marchand C, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00251/36253/34801.pdf
DOI:10.4172/2155-9546.1000262
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00251/36253/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: Public and scientific concerns about the social gradient of end-stage renal disease and access to renal replacement therapies are increasing. This study investigated the influence of social inequalities on the (i) access to renal transplant waiting list, (ii) access to renal transplantation and (iii) patients' survival. METHODS: All incident adult patients with end-stage renal disease who lived in Bretagne, a French region, and started dialysis during the 2004-2009 period were geocoded in census-blocks. To each census-block was assigned a level of neighborhood deprivation and a degree of urbanization. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify factors associated with each study outcome. RESULTS: Patients living in neighborhoods with low level of deprivation had more chance to be placed on the waiting list and less risk of death (HR = 1.40 95%CI: [1.1-1.7]; HR = 0.82 95%CI: [0.7-0.98]), but this association did not remain after adjustment for the patients' clinical features. The likelihood of receiving renal transplantation after being waitlisted was not associated with neighborhood deprivation in univariate and multivariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS: In a mixed rural and urban French region, patients living in deprived or advantaged neighborhoods had the same chance to be placed on the waiting list and to undergo renal transplantation. They also showed the same mortality risk, when their clinical features were taken into account
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01305481
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01305481
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0153431
PUBMED : 27082113

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : Integrating ecological connectivity into marine ecosystem management and planning is important, especially in a global context of severe fish stocks depletion and growing habitat degradation. Environmental tools such as Marine Protected Areas have been proposed to protect biodiversity, restore damaged ecosystems, sustain fisheries, and rebuild overexploited stocks. The effectiveness of marine protected areas depends in part on the maintenance of connectivity between marine populations, linked by ecological processes such as larval dispersal. In this thesis, we applied a biophysical model driven by ocean currents derived from satellite altimetry to evaluate connectivity between Western Indian Ocean reefs and across the current MPA system in the Mediterranean Sea. We applied different methods of analysis such as graph-theoretic and clustering. In the Western Indian Ocean, marine connectivity analyses show that the number of connections between reefs increases with fish pelagic larval duration. It also highlights a low connectivity across the region and a high interconnectivity within several regions (Mozambique Channel, Mascarene archipelago). In the Mediterranean Sea, connectance is globally low at the regional scale. This connectance is more important in Western than Eastern Mediterranean. Moreover, the marine connectivity analyses revealed high domestic connectivity rates. Depending on the study area, priority reefs or sites for MPA implementation are proposed. Finally, implications for transboundary marine policies and regional cooperation are discussed.
Intégrer les connaissances sur la connectivité écologique dans la gestion des écosystèmes marins est essentiel, surtout dans un contexte d'appauvrissement des ressources marines et de dégradation des habitats côtiers à l'échelle mondiale. Des outils environnementaux, tels que les Aires Marines Protégées ont été mises en œuvre pour protéger la biodiversité, restaurer les écosystèmes endommagés, soutenir les pêcheries et reconstituer les stocks surexploités. Leur efficacité dépend en partie du maintien de la connectivité entre les populations marines, assurée à travers divers processus écologiques dont la dispersion larvaire. Dans le cadre de ce travail de thèse, un modèle biophysique intégrant des données de courants, issues de mesures d'altimétrie par satellite, a été utilisé pour évaluer la connectivité entre les récifs de l'océan Indien d'une part, et à travers le réseau d'AMP de Méditerranée d'autre part. Différentes méthodes d'analyse ont été utilisées, telles que la théorie des graphes et le clustering. Dans l'océan Indien occidental, l'analyse des connectivités marines montre que le nombre de connexions entre les récifs augmente avec la durée de vie larvaire des poissons. Elle met également en évidence une faible connectivité à l'échelle de la région, mais une forte inter-connectivité au sein de plusieurs sous-régions (Canal du Mozambique, Mascareignes). En Méditerranée, la connectance est globalement faible à l'échelle régionale, bien que plus importante dans le bassin occidental que le bassin oriental. L'analyse des connectivités marines montre également un taux de connectivité élevé à l'échelle d'un même pays. Selon le cas d'étude, une liste de récifs ou de sites prioritaires dans la mise en œuvre des AMP a été proposée. Enfin, les implications de ces résultats en termes de politiques transfrontalières et de coopération régionale sont discutées.
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01269631

NNT : 2015LARE0003
tel-01269631
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01269631
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01269631/document
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01269631/file/2015lare0003_ECrochelet.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Handwriting difficulties represent a common cause of underachievement in children education and low self-esteem in daily life. The analysis of handwriting could be an important tool for the evaluation of a teaching method in order to assess its efficacy in preventing dysgraphia. We performed a comparative analysis of the traditional handwriting method and the alternative Terzi's approach in pupils at the end of primary school, when cursive skills should have been achieved.Qualitative and kinematic parameters were considered: the first ones were calculated as a visual analysis of written texts (by using check-lists and scales regarding qualitative, postural and pen grasp aspects), while the latter ones were automatically extracted through digitizing tablet acquisitions. Results showed significant differences concerning handwriting quality and dynamic movement in pupils handwriting depending on the teaching method applied.
17th Biennial Conference of the International Graphonomics Society
Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe

hal-01165776
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165776
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165776/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165776/file/IGS_2015_submission_10.pdf