Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag (Germany)
Résumé : In this paper we study merosity in the genus Urospatha within the framework of a resolved phylogeny of the Araceae. We analyse how a transition from dimerous or tetramerous merosity to pentamerous or hexamerous merosity can occur developmentally in the Lasioideae. In Urospatha, initiation of floral primordia along the inflorescence is acropetal, while development of flowers is basipetal. This indicates the presence of two distinct phases in the development of the Urospatha inflorescence. The first phase corresponds to initiation of flowers and establishment of the phyllotactic pattern, and the second phase to differentiation of floral organs. Urospatha is characterized by the presence of trimerous, tetramerous, pentamerous and rarely hexamerous flowers. In all types of flowers, the stamens are closely associated and opposite to the tepals. Pentamerous flowers are formed by addition of a sector comprising a stamen and tepal. Likewise, in the case of hexamerous flowers, two sectors are added. In the Lasioideae, the increase in the number of tepals and stamens is linked with two developmental processes that have appeared independently in the subfamily: (1) addition of one or two stamen-petal sectors (Anaphyllopsis and Urospatha), and (2) independent increase in the number of tepals and stamens on whorls, more or less organized and inserted in alternate position (Dracontium). Tetramerous whorls as they occur in basal Lasioideae would be homologous to two dimerous whorls from an evolutionary point of view.
ISSN: 0378-2697

hal-01019867
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01019867
DOI : 10.1007/s00606-011-0475-6

Résumé : Additional label information: leaves, flower, and young fruit. Summit, Canal Zone. USDA - Foreign Agric'l Relations Photo
North America -- Panama -- Caribbean
Caribbean
Caribbean
Panama

C. Z. 25

Résumé : Additional label information: flowering. Summit, Canal Zone. USDA - Foreign Agric'l Relations Photo
North America -- Panama -- Caribbean
Caribbean
Caribbean area
Panama

C. Z. 15

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
The Mosha and North Tehran faults correspond to the nearest seismic sources for the northern part of the Tehran megacity. The present-day structural relationships and the kinematics of these two faults, especially at their junction in Lavasanat region, is still a matter of debate. In this paper, we present the results of a morphotectonic analysis (aerial photos and field investigations) within the central part of the Mosha and eastern part of the North Tehran faults between the Mosha valley and Tehran City. Our investigations show that, generally, the traces of activity do not follow the older traces corresponding to previous long-term dip-slip thrusting movements. The recent faulting mainly occurs on new traces trending E-W to ENE-WSW affecting Quaternary features (streams, ridges, risers, and young glacial markers) and cutting straight through the topography. Often defining en-echelon patterns (right- and left-stepping), these new traces correspond to steep faults with either north- or south-dipping directions, along which clear evidences for left-lateral strike-slip motion are found. At their junction zone, the two sinistral faults display a left-stepping en-echelon pattern defining a positive flower structure system clearly visible near Ira village. Further west, the left-lateral strike-slip motion is transferred along the ENE-WSW trending Niavaran fault and other faults. The cumulative offsets associated with this left-lateral deformation is small compared with the topography associated with the previous Late Tertiary thrusting motion, showing that it corresponds to a recent change of kinematics.
ISSN: 0040-1951

hal-00617778
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00617778
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2010.09.013

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD National Research Council Canada
Résumé : International audience
The spadix of Arum italicum Miller consists of two main parts: a clavate sterile portion (appendix) and a cylindroid fertile portion. In the fertile portion with both male and female zones, there are two zones of sterile flowers (bristles). The basal portion of bristles is surrounded by a verrucose structure consisting of a mass of tissular excrescences. During early stages of development, there is no free space between the different zones of the inflorescence. The elongation of the inflorescence axis is what eventually separates the different zones from each other. There are no atypical flowers that are morphologically intermediate between male and female flowers as is the case in other genera of Aroideae (e.g., Cercestis, Philodendron, Schismatoglottis). The structure of the bristles in the inflorescences of Arum does not correspond to any type of atypical flower (unisexual or bisexual) that has been analysed previously in the Araceae. From a developmental point of view, it is not possible to determine if the bristles correspond to aborted or modified female or male flowers. In the early stages of development, the stamens, staminodes, and appendix are covered by globular masses of extracellular calcium oxalate crystals.
Le spadice de l’Arum italicum comporte deux parties principales : une portion claviforme stérile (appendice) et une portion cylindroïde fertile. Dans la portion fertile avec zones mâles et femelles, il y a deux zones de fleurs stériles (soies). La portion basales des soies est entourée par une structure verruqueuse, constituée d’une masse d’excroissances tissulaires. Aux premiers stades du développement, il n’y a pas d’espace libre entre les différentes zones de l’inflorescence. L’élongation de l’axe de l’inflorescence est ce qui sépare éventuellement les différentes zones l’une de l’autre. Il n’y pas de fleurs atypiques intermédiaires entre des fleurs mâles et des fleurs femelles, comme c’est le cas dans d’autres genres d’Aroideae (p. ex. Cercestis, Philodendron, Schismataglottis). La structure des soies chez les inflorescences de l’Arum ne correspond à aucune des fleurs atypiques (unisexuées ou bisexuées) qui ont précédemment été analysées chez les Araceae. Considérant le développement, il n’est pas possible de déterminer si les soies correspondent à des modifications de fleurs femelles ou mâles avortées. Aux premiers stades du développement, les étamines, les staminodes et les appendices sont couverts de masses globuleuses constituées de cristaux extracellulaires d’oxalate de calcium.
ISSN: 0008-4026

hal-01206194
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01206194

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group
Résumé :  
In this paper, we report a study of the mating system and gene flow of Symphonia globulifera, a hermaphroditic, mainly bird-pollinated tree species with a large geographic distribution in the tropical Americas and Africa.Using three microsatellites, we analysed 534 seeds of 28 open pollinated families and 164 adults at the experimental site 'Paracou' in French Guiana. We observed, compared to other tropical tree species, relatively high values for the effective number of alleles. Significant spatial genetic structure was detected, with trees at distances up to 150 m more genetically similar than expected at random. We estimated parameters of the mating system and gene flow by using the mixed mating model and the TwoGener approach. The estimated multilocus outcrossing rate, tm, was 0.920. A significant level of biparental inbreeding and a high proportion of full-sibs were estimated for the 28 seed arrays. We estimated mean pollen dispersal distances between 27 and 53 m according to the dispersal models used. Although the adult population density of S. globulifera in Paracou was relatively high, the joint estimation of pollen dispersal and density of reproductive trees gave effective density estimates of 1.6 and 1.3trees/ha. The parameters of the mating system and gene flow are discussed in the context of spatial genetic and demographic structures, flowering phenology and pollinator composition and behaviour.
ISSN: 0018-067X

hal-01032178
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032178
DOI : 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800560

Résumé : Photo date stamped on verso: January 29, 1975.
(Biographical) "Thousands of Cuban exiles of all ages will take part in parades and other events in Greater Miami during the week starting today to commemorate the birthday of Cuban patriot Jose Marti, born Jan 28, 1853. The largest parade will have an estimated 5,000 children from Latin private schools marching at 10:00 am, Tuesday from Brickell Avenue at SE 6th Street to Bayfront Park. There, each child will place a white flower in front of the bust of Jose Marti ..." -- Article by Humberto Cruz in the Miami News, January 22, 1975, page 10A.
(Preferred Citation) Cite as Miami News Collection, HistoryMiami, 1995-277-3103.
Miami, Florida

Droits : All rights reserved by the source institution.
1995-277-3103
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00015764/00001

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : In Taiwan , the subduction of the Chinese continental margin under the Luzon arc results in the progressive growth of an active orogenic wedge. It is one of the best places to study the complex relationships that occurs between the tectonic processes controlling deformation (plate rheology and kinematics, metamorphism and magmatism) and surface processes (erosion and sedimentation). In order to study the kinematics of the present day convergence of Philippine Sea plate to the Asian continent around Taiwan, we perform 2D and 3D sandbox modeling and we analyzed the models with PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) software. In 2D experiments, a model Coulomb wedge is submitted to erosion and sedimentation under topography and flux steady state conditions. The 3D experiments are mainly used to study the escape tectonics occurring in the middle west and southwest Taiwan. A wedge shaped indenter and a basement relief were used to simulate the mechanical plate boundary between Philippine Sea plate and Eurasia plate and the basement topography to the west of Taiwan respectively. We examine the exhumation patterns, the mode of fault propagation and displacement patterns by strain partitioning of vertical vs. horizontal displacement and convergent parallel vs. orogen parallel components. The preliminary conclusions are: 1. The interactions between tectonics, erosion and sedimentation control geometry and kinematics of the doubly vergent transpressional orogen. 2. Exhumation processes are controlled by the balance between erosion, frontal accretion and underplating in different structural domains of the wedge. 3. Retrowedge erosion favorites backfolding and backthrusting, induces flower structures and fan shaped cleavage distribution. 4. Sedimentation promotes underplating and out-of sequences thrusting. 5. Continental subduction or subduction of topographic highs will enhance underthrusting/underplating, thick-skin tectonics and inversion of sedimentary basin.
Bolletino di Geofisica teorica ed applicata

hal-00411133
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00411133

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD National Research Council Canada
Résumé : International audience
In French Guiana, inflorescences of Philodendron squamiferum Poepp. (Araceae) were regularly visited by the scarab beetle Cyclocephala simulatrix Hölne and (Scarabaeidae, Coleoptera) occasionally by Cyclocephala tylifera Hölne. The flowering cycle lasted 2 days, and the protogynous inflorescence exhibited features typical of beetle pollination (floral chamber, food rewards, flower heating). The spadix temperature was measured during the entire flowering cycle in French Guiana and at the Montreal Botanical Garden. Both sets of measurements gave a similar temperature pattern. The spadix warmed up twice at the beginning of each evening with no notable heat production between the two peaks. These two temperature peaks were well synchronized with the arrival and departure of beetles
ISSN: 0008-4026

hal-01202724
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01202724

Résumé : Arbol de hasta 18 m de alto. Hojas pecioladas, subcoriáceas, oblongo elípticas a lanceoladas, agudamente acuminadas, pinnado nervadas de hasta 13 cm de longitud. Inflorescencias estaminadas de 3 a 20 flores; las pistiladas usualmente de una sola flor; flores pequeñas, amarillo cremosas. Fruto piriforme o subgloboso (nuez) de hasta 5 cm, colgante, rojizo o amarillento, con dos valvas; semilla con arilo escarlata.
Arbre pouvant atteindre 18 m de haut. Feuilles pétiolées, presque coriaces, oblongo-elliptiques à lancéolées, terminées en pointe très fine, pennatinnervées pouvant atteindre 13 cm de long. Inflorescences staminées de 3 à 20 fleurs; celles qui sont pourvues d’un pistil ont habituellement une seule fleur; fleurs petites, jaunes-crèmes. Fruit piriforme ou presque arrondi pouvant atteindre 5 cm, tombant, rougeâtre ou jaunâtre, bivalve; graine avec arille écarlate.
Tree dioecious 6-18 m high with a dense crown and aromatic wood.  Leaves simple, alternate, oblong-elliptic, acutely acuminate, pinnately veined, dark green shiny above, paler beneath, 5-15 cm x 2-7 cm; male inflorescences usually 1-10 flowered cyme, fragrant, pale yellow, female inflorescences a 1-3 flowered cyme, but usually 1-flowered, pale yellow; fruit a fleshy, smooth, yellow, sub-globose, drupe, 3-6 cm long with a circumferential, longitudinal ridge; seed brown, ovoid 1.5-4.5cm long covered with a lacinate, red aril.
Nativa de Asia tropical, cultivada en los trópicos del resto del mundo.
Originaire d’;Asie tropicale, cultivée dans les tropiques du reste du monde.
Native to tropical Asia, cultivated in tropical regions around the world.

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant239

Résumé : Hierba o subfrútice de 1 a 3 m, con raíces tuberosas grandes. Hojas alternas, glabras, palmadas de 3 a 7 lóbulos, lineares a elípticos u oblanceolados, acuminados, glaucos en el envés. Inflorescencias en panículas terminales; flores con cáliz campanulado, 5 lobado. Cápsula dehiscente de 1.5 cm, subglobosa, rugosa, ligeramente alada.
Herbe ou plante subfrutescente de 1 à 3 m, à grandes racines tubéreuses. Feuilles alternes, glabres, palmées de 3 à 7 lobes linéaires à elliptiques ou oblancéolés, acuminés, à surface inférieure glauque. Inflorescences en panicules terminales; fleurs à pétales en racèmes composés; fleurs mâles et femelles distinctes. Capsule déhiscente de 1,5 cm, subarrondie, rugueuse, légèrement ailée.
Herb or semiwoody monecousshrub, 1-3 m high, with large, tuberous roots.  Leaves alternate, spirally arranged, palmately 3-9 lobed, obovate-lanceolate, 4-20 cm x 1-6 cm, glabrous above and glaucous below, petiole 5-30 cm; inflorescence terminal cymose panicles; female flowers on pedicels 7-12 mm long, calyx lobe 7.5 – 10 mm long, male flowers on pedicels 4-6 mm long, calyx lobes 2-5 mm long, female flowers lower than the male flowers; fruit a dehiscent, globose capsule, 1.5 cm in long; seeds gray mottled,ellipsoid, ca.12 mm long.
Originaria de Brasil, es extensamente cultivada en los trópicos.
Originaire du Brésil, très largement cultivée sous les tropiques.
Native to Brazil, widely cultivated in tropical regions.

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant221

Résumé : Additional label information: fruit, flower, and leaves. Summit, Canal Zone. USDA - Foreign Agric'l Relations Photo
North America -- Panama -- Caribbean
Caribbean
Caribbean area
Panama

C. Z. 38

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Royal Society, The
Résumé :  
Plant phenology is concerned with the timing of recurring biological events. Though phenology has traditionally been studied using intensive surveys of a local flora, results from such surveys are difficult to generalize to broader spatial scales. In this study, contrastingly, we assembled a continental-scale dataset of herbarium specimens for the emblematic genus of Neotropical pioneer trees, Cecropia, and applied Fourier spectral and cospectral analyses to investigate the reproductive phenology of 35 species. We detected significant annual, sub-annual and continuous patterns, and discuss the variation in patterns within and among climatic regions. Although previous studies have suggested that pioneer species generally produce flowers continually throughout the year, we found that at least one third of Cecropia species are characterized by clear annual flowering behaviour. We further investigated the relationships between phenology and climate seasonality, showing strong associations between phenology and seasonal variations in precipitation and temperature. We also verified our results against field survey data gathered from the literature. Our findings indicate that herbarium material is a reliable resource for use in the investigation of large-scale patterns in plant phenology, offering a promising complement to local intensive field studies
ISSN: 0962-8452

hal-01032193
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032193
DOI : 10.1098/rspb.2010.2259

Résumé : Palma de hasta 30 m de altura. Hojas grandes de 3 a 6 m, a veces colgantes, segmentos numerosos, linear-lanceolados de 50 a 70 cm. Flores estaminadas de 1 a 2 cm, blanco-cremosas; las pistiladas de 2.5 cm, pocas en cada inflorescencia. Fruto ovoide, ligeramente tri-anguloso, de 20 a 30 cm, pulpa blanca.
Palmier pouvant atteindre 30 m de haut. Grandes feuilles de 3 à 6 m, parfois pendantes, segments nombreux, linéaire-lancéolés de 50 à 70 cm. Fleurs avec étamines d';un blanc-crémeux, de 1 à 2 cm; fleurs femelles de 2,5 cm, peu nombreuses sur chaque inflorescence. Fruit ovoïde, légèrement tri-anguleux, de 20 à 30 cm, pulpe blanche.
Solitary palm up to 30 m tall. Trunk stout, straight or leaning, prominently ringed; leaves pinnate 3-6 m long, pinnae numerous, somewhat drooping in one plane, stiff linear acuminate 50 -70 cm long; inflorescence in the axis of the leaves; male flowers, creamy-white 0.7 – 1.3 cm x 0.5 - 0.7 cm, female flowers 20-40, globose 2.5 &ndashɑ cm in diameter; fruit ovoid, slightly triangular, 30 cm long and 20 cm in diameter with a white fleshy endosperm.
Originario de las islas del Pacífico, cultivado en las regiones tropicales del mundo.
Originaire des îles du Pacifique, cultivé dans toutes les régions tropicales du monde.
Native to the Pacific islands, cultivated in tropical regions around the wo

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant33

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé :  
Pollination ecology and reproductive success of Jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum) were studied in two natural populations in Québec, Canada. Individual A. triphyllum plants can be of three types: male, female or bisexual. In both populations studied, the presence of bisexual inflorescences was not negligible (13%), where 'female' and 'male' bisexual plants were categorised according to the relative number of stamens and ovaries. 'Male bisexual' plants produce only pollen and 'female bisexual' plants produce only fruit. Hence, A. triphyllum is a true dioecious plant, as each plant only reproduces through either the male or the female function. 'Female bisexual' plants were equivalent to female plants in terms of visitation rate by insects, fructification rate and production of berries and seeds. Neither agamospermy in female plants nor self-pollination in 'female bisexual' plants was found, thus A. triphyllum relies on insects for cross-pollination. Despite the long flowering cycle, a low visitation rate was documented: only 20-40% of inflorescences were visited, according to gender, by a mean of 1.5 insects. In this study, Mycetophilidae represented the most generically diversified and abundant family, as well as the most efficient insect pollinator, especially the genera Docosia and Mycetophila.
ISSN: 1435-8603

hal-01032127
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032127
DOI : 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00192.x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : The genus Cecropia includes pioneer trees that colonize canopy gaps and cleared areas. It is widely distributed from Mexico to Northern Argentina. Cecropia trees have architecture, which corresponds to the Rauh’s architectural model. In recent studies we have found that C. obtusa/ and C. sciadophylla, in French Guiana, have a strong annual periodicity for growth, branching and flowering processes, with annual emission of 35 nodes for C. obtusa and 25 for C. sciadophylla. Those species show different life histories since C. sciadophylla has longer life expectancy. In addition, C. sciadophylla is found more frequently in forest gaps, although in French Guiana mixed populations are found. The aim of this work was to compare developmental strategies of both species in three different field stations in French Guiana and to determine how these two species coexist during its first years of life. We studied a 20-year old population of /C. sciadophylla/ at Saint Elie’s Road, a 10-year old population of /C. obtusa/ at Paracou’s field station, and a 7-year old mixed population at Counami’s Road. /C. sciadophylla /emits 25 nodes per year in both studied populations, while/ C. obtusa /emits 35 nodes in the monospecific population and 30 nodes in the mixed population. In the monocaule stage, the lower number of nodes emitted by /C. sciadophylla/ compared to /C. obtusa /is compensated with a higher internodal length, which allows finding individuals with similar ages and lengths, but different number of nodes. The branching and flowering processes start on average three years before in /C. obtusa/, however for 12-year old individuals we observed a dominancy of C. sciadophylla over C. obtusa. In the mixed population it is likely that the different life histories would decrease competition effects allowing coexistence of both species during the first stages of life
Botany 2008
Vancouver, Canada

hal-01190209
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01190209
PRODINRA : 182910

Résumé : Arbusto o arbolito glabro, de hasta 10 m de altura. Hojas alternas, lineares a linear-lanceoladas, estrechamente acuminadas, brillantes en el haz. Inflorescencia terminal o lateral con pocas flores; lóbulos de la corola obovados a ovado-lanceolados; corola hipocraterimorfa, de color naranja o rosado-amarillenta. Drupas rojas al madurar, con dos semillas.
Arbuste ou petit arbre glabre, pouvant atteindre 10 m de haut. Feuilles alternes, linéaires à linéaires-lancéolées, effilées à la pointe, brillantes sur le dessus. Inflorescence terminale ou latérale avec peu de fleurs; lobes de la corolle obovales à ovés-lancéolés; corolle hypocratérimorphe, de couleur orange ou rose-jaunâtre. Drupes rouges lorsqu’elles sont arrivées à maturité, avec deux graines.
Shrub or small tree 3-7 m high, glabrous with milky sap. Leaves spirally arranged, linear, 10-15 x 0.6-1cm, shiny on the upper side; Inflorescence terminal cymes, few-flowered; corolla tubular-campanulate, flower 7-8.5 cm long, bright yellow or pinkish-orange; fruit sickle-shape, 2 x 3 cm, yellow when ripe with a single triangular seed 2 x3 cm.
Nativa de América tropical, cultivada ampliamente en los trópicos de ambos hemisferios.
Originaire d’;Amérique tropicale, abondamment cultivée sous les tropiques des deux hémisphères.
Native to tropical America, widely cultivated in the tropica

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant349

Résumé : Hierba erecta, a menudo con apariencia de arbusto. Hojas orbiculares, palmado-lobadas, los lóbulos ovado-oblongos o lanceolados, acuminados, irregularmente glandular dentados. Inflorescencias terminales, en racimos pedunculados, flores monoicas, apétalas, las superiores pistiladas, las inferiores estaminadas. Cápsula casi esférica, con espinas suaves, septicida, con semillas elipsoides.
Herbe dressée, ayant souvent l’apparence d’un arbuste. Feuilles orbiculaires, palmées-lobées, lobes ovés-oblongs ou lancéolés, acuminés, irrégulièrement glandulaires-dentés. Inflorescences terminales, en grappes pédonculées, fleurs monoïques, sans pétales, avec pistil pour les supérieures, les inférieures portant les étamines. Capsule presque sphérique, munies d’épines souples, septicide, avec graines ellipsoïdales.
Monecious, short-lived shrub or small tree, more than 5 m high with copious clear sap.  Leaves spiral, long-stalked, blades 60 cm. broad, peltate, palmately divided into 7 or more lobes; inflorescence terminal panicle to 20 cm long or more; male flowers clustered at the base of pedicels with white calyx ca, 9 mm long, female flowers at the top of pedicels with calyx deciduous; fruit a capsule oblong about 2.5 cm long, spiny prickles; seeds elliptic,10-17 mm long, mottled grey or brown.  
Ampliamente distribuida en las zonas tropicales, probablemente originaria de Africa.
Largement répandue dans les zones tropicales, probablement originaire d’;Afrique.
Widely disseminated in tropical areas; probably originally from Africa.

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant254

Résumé : Arbol de hasta 20 m, muy aromático. Hojas elíptico-oblongas a oblongas de 6 a 12 cm, obtusas en el ápice, redondeadas a agudas en la base, coriáceas. Inflorescencias cimosas, 3 flores ó 2 veces tricótomas, de hasta 9 flores. Bayas globosas, glabras, glandulosas.
Arbre pouvant atteindre 20 m, très aromatique. Feuilles elliptico-oblongues à oblongues de 6 à 12 cm, obtuses à la pointe, arrondies à aiguës à la base, coriaces. Inflorescences avec cymes, 3 fleurs ou 2 fois trichotomes, pouvant avoir 9 fleurs. Baies arrondies, glabres, glanduleuses.
Tree, up to 20 m high, very aromatic.  Leaves elliptic-oblong to oblong, 6-12 cm long, obtuse at the apex, round to acute at the base, coriaceous.  Inflorescences cymose; flowers thrice or twice trichotomous, in clusters of up to 9 flowers. Berries globose, glabrous, glandulose.
Endémica de la isla Hispaniola.
Endémique dans l’;île d’;Hispaniola.
Endemic, Hispaniola Island.

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant279

Résumé : Hierba trepadora de hasta 6 m, usualmente muy ramificada. Hojas alternas de 4 a 12 cm, 5-7 lobadas; lóbulos obtusos o mucronulados con márgenes dentados o crenados. Corola amarilla, segmentos obtusos o emarginados de 1.5 a 2 cm. Fruto elipsoide, tuberculado, dehiscente, de 5 a 15 cm de diámetro, de amarillo a anaranjado, con 3 valvas; pulpa de color rojo; semillas elípticas, planas, de 10 a 16 mm.
Herbe grimpante pouvant atteindre 6 m, habituellement très ramifiée. Feuilles alternes de 4 à 12 cm, avec 5-7 lobes; lobes obtus ou mucronés, bords dentés ou crénelés. Corolle jaune, segments obtus ou émargés de 1,5 à 2 cm. Fruit ellipsoïdal, tuberculé, déhiscent, de 5 à 15 cm de diamètre, jaune à orangé, avec 3 valves; pulpe de couleur rouge; graines ellipsoïdales, aplaties, de 10 à 16 mm.
Climbing dioecious herb 6 m or more, usually densely branchedwith tendrils.  Leaves alternate, simple 4-12 cm long, deeply5-7 lobed,sinuate with mucronate tips; inflorescence a raceme; female and male flowers yellow, peduncle shorter on female flower, bracts on male peduncle reniform to rounded-cordate; fruit cylindrical, narrowed at both ends, 8-15 cm long, prominent tubercles on the ribs, orange when ripe containing pendulous seeds covered in a red pulp; seed oblong 12-16 mm x 5-9 mm and 3-4 mm thick.
Originaria del Viejo Mundo y naturalizada en todos los trópicos.
Originaire de l’;Ancien Monde et naturalisée sous tous les tropiques.
Native to the Old World and naturalized in all tropical regions.

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant232