Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : Poster
International audience
BEMS 2013
Thessalonique, Greece

hal-00926911
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00926911

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Royal Society
Résumé : Coral bleaching events are predicted to occur more frequently in the coming decades with global warming. The susceptibility of corals to bleaching during thermal stress episodes depends on many factors, including the magnitude of thermal stress and irradiance. The interactions among these two factors, and in particular with ultra-violet radiation (UVR), the most harmful component of light, are more complex than assumed, and are not yet well understood. This paper explores the individual and combined effects of temperature and UVR on the metabolism of Acropora muricata, one of the most abundant coral species worldwide. Particulate and dissolved organic matter (POM/DOM) fluxes and organic matter (OM) degradation by the mucus-associated bacteria were also monitored in all conditions. The results show that UVR exposure exacerbated the temperature-induced bleaching, but did not affect OM fluxes, which were only altered by seawater warming. Temperature increase induced a shift from POM release and DOM uptake in healthy corals to POM uptake and DOM release in stressed ones. POM uptake was linked to a significant grazing of pico- and nanoplankton particles during the incubation, to fulfil the energetic requirements of A. muricata in the absence of autotrophy. Finally, OM degradation by mucus-associated bacterial activity was unaffected by UVR exposure, but significantly increased under high temperature. Altogether, our results demonstrate that seawater warming and UVR not only affect coral physiology, but also the way corals interact with the surrounding seawater, with potential consequences for coral reef biogeochemical cycles and food webs.
ISSN: 2046-6390

hal-01606454
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01606454
DOI : 10.1242/bio.026757
PRODINRA : 406580
PUBMED : 28811302

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag (Germany)
Résumé : In this paper we study merosity in the genus Urospatha within the framework of a resolved phylogeny of the Araceae. We analyse how a transition from dimerous or tetramerous merosity to pentamerous or hexamerous merosity can occur developmentally in the Lasioideae. In Urospatha, initiation of floral primordia along the inflorescence is acropetal, while development of flowers is basipetal. This indicates the presence of two distinct phases in the development of the Urospatha inflorescence. The first phase corresponds to initiation of flowers and establishment of the phyllotactic pattern, and the second phase to differentiation of floral organs. Urospatha is characterized by the presence of trimerous, tetramerous, pentamerous and rarely hexamerous flowers. In all types of flowers, the stamens are closely associated and opposite to the tepals. Pentamerous flowers are formed by addition of a sector comprising a stamen and tepal. Likewise, in the case of hexamerous flowers, two sectors are added. In the Lasioideae, the increase in the number of tepals and stamens is linked with two developmental processes that have appeared independently in the subfamily: (1) addition of one or two stamen-petal sectors (Anaphyllopsis and Urospatha), and (2) independent increase in the number of tepals and stamens on whorls, more or less organized and inserted in alternate position (Dracontium). Tetramerous whorls as they occur in basal Lasioideae would be homologous to two dimerous whorls from an evolutionary point of view.
ISSN: 0378-2697

hal-01019867
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01019867
DOI : 10.1007/s00606-011-0475-6

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a leading cause of acute viral encephalitis but little is known about its clinical, biological and imaging features. Furthermore, the most favourable treatment regimen has not been determined. We studied a prospective cohort of 20 HIV-negative patients presenting with acute VZV encephalitis caused by primary infection or reactivation. VZV was identified in 16 of 20 cases by PCR detection of the DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. The four remaining cases occurred during or soon after a VZV rash. The median age of the 17 adults was 76 (19-86) years; the three other patients were children (0.5-5 years). Three patients were immunocompromised. Nine adult patients presented with a rash. Eighteen patients presented with fever and an acute encephalitic syndrome: diffuse brain dysfunction, focal neurological signs, seizures and cranial nerve palsies. Three patients presented with either ventricular or subdural haemorrhage, one with myelitis, and one with asymptomatic stenosis of the middle cerebral artery. The imaging was either normal or revealed non-specific abnormalities such as cortical atrophy but no evidence of stroke. All patients were given acyclovir at various dosages and durations but the case fatality rate remained high (15%) and sequelae were frequently observed either at discharge or at follow-up 3 years later.
ISSN: 1198-743X

hal-00875232
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00875232
PUBMED : 22085160
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03705.x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
To assess prognostic factors for survival and describe Model for End-Stage liver disease (MELD) dynamics in human immunodeficiency virus+/hepatitis C virus+ (HIV+/HCV+) patients after an initial episode of hepatic decompensation.An HIV+/HCV+ cohort of patients experiencing an initial decompensation episode within the year preceding enrollment were followed prospectively. Clinical and biological data were collected every 3 months. Predictors for survival were identified using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox models. A 2-slope-mixed linear model was used to estimate MELD score changes as a function of survival.Sixty seven patients were included in 32 centers between 2009 and 2012 (72% male; median age: 48 years [interquartile ratio (IQR):45-52], median follow-up: 22.4 months [range: 0.5-65.3]). Overall survival rates were 86%, 78%, and 59% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. Under multivariate analysis, the MELD score at initial decompensation was predictive of survival, adjusted for age, type of decompensation, baseline CD4 counts, and further decompensation during follow-up as a time-dependent variable. The adjusted hazard ratio of death was 1.32 for a score 3 points higher (95% CI: [1.06-1.63], P = 0.012). MELD score kinetics within the 6 months after initial decompensation differed significantly between non-deceased and deceased patients, with a decreased (-0.49/month; P = 0.016), versus a flat (+0.06/month, P = 0.753) mean change in score.MELD is an effective tool to predict survival in HIV+/HCV+ patients with decompensated cirrhosis. A non-decreasing MELD score within 6 months following this initial decompensation episode may benefit from privileged access to liver transplantation in this poor prognosis population
Medicine

hal-01205351
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01205351
DOI : 10.1097/MD.0000000000001239
PUBMED : 26222860

Éditeur(s) : La Habana : impr. de Spencer y cía
Résumé : Littérature

Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Institut des Hautes Études de l'Amérique latine, Bibliothèque Pierre-Monbeig
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/IHE14003
IHE14003

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Infection by hepatitis C virus is a worldwide health problem. An inadequate Th2 cytokine response promotes the fibrosis-cirrhosis fate. Immune-modulating molecules favoring a Th2 profile, such as HLA-G molecules of the HLA class Ib family, may play a role in chronic hepatitis. HLA-G contributes to the escape of tumors, and their involvement in viral infections has been increasingly described. The aim of this work was to study the expression of HLA-G in the liver, its cellular source and its regulation in cases of chronic C hepatitis. METHODS: HLA-G cells in blocks of liver derived from patients infected with HCV were labeled by immunohistochemistry and enumerated. Double immunofluorescence allowed the identification of the cellular source. HLA-G secretion by a human mast cell line was quantified by ELISA after various stimulations. After treatment with IFN-α real-time PCR was performed to determine the kinetics of cytokine expression profiles, followed by heat map clustering analysis. RESULTS: The number of HLA-G + cells was significantly associated with the area of fibrosis. For the first time, we identify the HLA-G+ cells as being mast cells. HLA-G secretion was significantly induced in human mast cells stimulated by IL-10 or interferons of class I. The transcriptome of the secretome of this cell line stimulated by IFN-α revealed that i) the HLA-G gene is upregulated late, ii) T lymphocytes and NK cells are recruited. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest an autocrine loop in the genesis of HCV liver fibrosis, based on mast cells expressing HLA-G.
ISSN: 0168-8278

hal-00874106
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00874106
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00874106/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00874106/file/Amiot-Expression-HLA-G-revised.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.09.006

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Large organic falls to the benthic environment, such as dead wood or whale bones, harbour organisms relying on sulfide-oxidizing symbionts. Nothing is known however, concerning sulfide enrichment at the wood surface and its relation to wood colonization by sulfide-oxidizing symbiotic organisms. In this study we combined in situ hydrogen sulfide and pH measurements on sunken wood, with associated fauna microscopy analyses in a tropical mangrove swamp. This shallow environment is known to harbour thiotrophic symbioses and is also abundantly supplied with sunken wood. A significant sulfide enrichment at the wood surface was revealed. A 72 h sequence of measurements emphasized the wide fluctuation of sulfide levels (0.1->100 lM) over time with both a tidal influence and rapid fluctuations. Protozoans observed on the wood surface were similar to Zoothamnium niveum and to vorticellids. Our SEM observations revealed their association with ectosymbiotic bacteria, which are likely to be sulfide- oxidizers. These results support the idea that sunken wood surfaces constitute an environment suitable for sulfide-oxidizing symbioses.
ISSN: 0141-1136

hal-00751649
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00751649

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Avec les nouvelles données sur la bathymétrie et la courantologie de cet écosystème et les paramètres physicochimiques étudiés entre février et mai 2007, c'est une actualisation de la zonation biologique établie récemment à partir de l'assemblage de poissons y séjournant qui est proposée dans cette étude. En effet, le volume d'eau renouvelé deux fois par jour à chaque marée (14,8%) combiné à un hydrodynamisme actif et varié contribuent à vivifier la lagune, et apportent des éléments pour une meilleure interprétation des valeurs des indices de bien-être et des gradients des paramètres populationnels de l'ichtyofaune présente. Durant la période étudiée, aucun gradient n'est observé avec les paramètres abiotiques. La caractéristique des eaux est homogène partout dans la lagune, sa colonne d'eau et aux différentes périodes considérées (température: 30,02°C; salinité: 36,16 ‰; pH: 8,29; turbidité: 6,10 mg/L; conductivité: 5,51 S/m; oxygène dissous: 7,18 mg/L; solides dissous: 32,78g/L; osmolarité: 1021,7milliosmoles). Une zonation biologique rectifiée est proposée. Plus conforme à la qualité observée, elle est composée de trois zones, au lieu de quatre, allant de II à IV: la zone II un peu plus étendue au Sud et plus étroite le long de l'île, une zone III dominante sur l'ensemble de la lagune, et une zone IV centrée sur les deux principales dépressions au Sud et à l'Ouest, le haut-fond et sa bordure au Nord-Ouest ainsi que le fond du secteur enclavé au Sud-Ouest.
Proceedings of the 61st Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute
Gosier, Guadeloupe

hal-00755767
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00755767
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00755767/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00755767/file/GCFI_61_2009_298-306.pdf

Éditeur(s) : Monachii ; Lipsiae : apud R. Oldenbourg in comm.
Extrait de : Flora brasiliensis : enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum quas suis aliorumque botanicorum studiis descriptas et methodo naturali digestas partim icone illustratas
Résumé : Édition : 1874-1900
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier. Service Commun de la Documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/TLS17088
TLS17088

Éditeur(s) : Kjobenhavn : H. Hagerups Boghandel
Résumé : Édition : 1895-1896
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier. Service Commun de la Documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/TLS17097
TLS17097