Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oldendorf/Luhe
Résumé : International audience
Large filamentous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the Beggiatoacae family can cover large portions of shallow marine sediments surrounding mangroves in Guadeloupe (French West Indies). In order to assess the importance of Beggiatoa mats as an infaunal food source, observations were conducted of the area within mats and at increasing distances from mats. We used natural isotopic compositions and a C-13 enrichment study. Both revealed an ingestion of bacterial mats by associated meiofauna, dominated by rotifers and to a smaller extent by small polychaetes and nematodes. Compared to adjacent sites, sediment covered by bacterial mats presented a higher abundance of diatoms, whereas the total biomass of bacteria did not vary. This constant bacterial abundance suggests that the proportion of organic matter represented by sulfur bacteria is limited compared to the fraction of total bacteria. There was no significant difference in infaunal abundance in mats, suggesting that the availability of this chemosynthetic food resource had a limited local effect. Grazers presented a delta C-13 value increasing with distance from the mat. However, isotopic composition of phospholipid-derived fatty acids specific for diatoms and bacteria revealed that this change is related to modifications of delta C-13 dietary components rather than to changes in diet composition. These complementary methods revealed that the occurrence of sulfur-oxidizing bacterial mats does not necessarily affect grazer abundance and importance of bacteria in their diet. Despite its wide occurrence, Beggiatoa mats would consequently have a minor influence on the structure of the mangrove food web.
ISSN: 0171-8630

hal-01545912
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01545912
DOI : 10.3354/meps11035

Éditeur(s) : Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls sur mer
Résumé : A new species of a polychaetous annelid belonging to the genus Polydora is described. It was collected on the continental shelf of the western Mediterranean sea. Some morphological features are not consistent with the generic diagnosis. [NOT CONTROLLED OCR]
Vie et Milieu (Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls sur mer), 1974 , Vol. 24 , N. 3A , P. 479-486

Droits : Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls sur mer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1974/publication-4981.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/4981/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Filamentous sulfur bacteria of the genus Beggiatoa form large mats covering the sediment in the shallow waters of a Guadeloupean mangrove (French West Indies). The abundance of these bacteria varies over the year and their trophic role may, therefore, also vary. We investigated this variation by conducting a survey examining the stable isotopic compositions of four grazers and four food sources during nine sampling sessions in three different periods of the year. We analyzed bulk isotopic compositions for each component except for the bacterial and diatom communities, for which we carried out a compound-specific 13C analysis of phospholipid-derived fatty acids (PLFAs). Correlations between isotopic compositions revealed a predominance of diatoms in the diet of nematodes and the important role of detritus and bacteria in the diet of the polychaete Ceratocephale sp. None of the grazers had an isotopic composition correlated with that of Beggiatoa suggesting that sulfur bacteria were not a predominant part of the diet of any grazer. Beggiatoa has a large central vacuole, resulting in a very low carbon content-to-volume ratio, potentially accounting for its low level of attractiveness to grazers. Mangrove sediments are habitats rich in organic carbon, in which, the addition of a food source, such as Beggiatoa, would have a limited effect on the structure of the food web over the course of the year.
Food Webs

hal-01545906
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01545906
DOI : 10.1016/j.fooweb.2016.04.001

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Station Biologique
Résumé : International audience
This study deals with temporal variations in eel diet Anguilla anguilla sampled at each of the four seasons in the Languedocian Prévost lagoon (Gulf of Lion) from Autumn 1998 to Summer 1999. The following feeding indices were calculated based on observations of 12 categories of prey found in the contents of full stomachs: coefficient of vacuity CV, degree of fullness DR, occurrence frequency PP, relative abundance N (in %) and relative weight P (in %). The interpretation of results is also based on the Costello's method (1990) which combines PP and N. Anguilla anguilla mainly feeds on benthic organisms, primarily Gammarus gr. locusta, Polychaeta, insect larvae, small fish. Based on variations in eel diet, seasonal influence is illustrated by a decrease in feeding activity in summer which gradually increases during the following seasons. The good trophic quality available to eels in the Prévost lagoon depends on its hydrodynamics which is directly related to the movement of water entering and leaving lagoon by a short communication with the sea. This water movement accelerates the enrichment and production processes of this ecosystem. Changes observed during the four seasons illustrate an opportunistic type of feeding behaviour. Eels consume the most available benthic prey. They favour the importance of the prey at a given moment without using a particular feeding strategy like specialisation or generalisation. Thus, eel adapts its diet in adjusting available energy resources in the ecosystem. Because of this, the lagoon-resident species Anguilla anguilla is an obvious indirect bioindicator of the trophic capacity and present level of confinement in the brackish water lagoon ecosystem of Prévost.
ISSN: 0007-9723

hal-00753021
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00753021

Éditeur(s) : Royal Soc
Résumé : Since its description from the Galapagos Rift in the mid-1980s, Archinome rosacea has been recorded at hydrothermal vents in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Only recently was a second species described from the Pacific Antarctic Ridge. We inferred the identities and evolutionary relationships of Archinome representatives sampled from across the hydrothermal vent range of the genus, which is now extended to cold methane seeps. Species delimitation using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) recovered up to six lineages, whereas concatenated datasets (COI, 16S, 28S and ITS1) supported only four or five of these as clades. Morphological approaches alone were inconclusive to verify the identities of species owing to the lack of discrete diagnostic characters. We recognize five Archinome species, with three that are new to science. The new species, designated based on molecular evidence alone, include: Archinome levinae n. sp., which occurs at both vents and seeps in the east Pacific, Archinome tethyana n. sp., which inhabits Atlantic vents and Archinome jasoni n. sp., also present in the Atlantic, and whose distribution extends to the Indian and southwest Pacific Oceans. Biogeographic connections between vents and seeps are highlighted, as are potential evolutionary links among populations from vent fields located in the east Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, and Atlantic and Indian Oceans; the latter presented for the first time.
Proceedings Of The Royal Society B-biological Sciences (0962-8452) (Royal Soc), 2013-11 , Vol. 280 , N. 1770 , P. 1-9

Droits : 2013 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00157/26814/24961.pdf
DOI:10.1098/rspb.2013.1876
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00157/26814/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Split
Résumé : International audience
This study deals with temporal variations in eel Anguilla anguilla diet, sampled seasonally in the Languedocian Mauguio lagoon (Gulf of Lion), from Autumn 1998 to Summer 1999. Eel mainly feeds on benthic organisms, primarily small Amphipoda, Crustacea (mainly Gammarus gr. locusta), Polychaeta, insect larvae (Chironomidae) and small fish. Based on variations in the eels feeding regime, seasonal influence is illustrated by decreased feeding activity in summer, which progressively increases during the following seasons. The trophic quality available to eels in the Mauguio lagoon depends more on allochtonous inputs from the catchment area than on its own hydrodynamics on which water of marine origin has little influence due to its long distance from the sea. Variations observed during the four seasons illustrate the opportunist type feeding behaviour of eels. They consume the most available benthic preys at a given moment without using a particular feeding strategy like specialisation or generalisation. Eel adapts its diet according to the available resources offered by the ecosystem. Because of this eel, as an amphihaline migrant species, can be characterised as an obvious indirect bioindicator of the trophic capacity and very marked level of confinement in the brackish lagoon ecosystem of Mauguio.
ISSN: 0001-5113

hal-00750416
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00750416
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00750416/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00750416/file/Acta_Adriatica_2009_50_2_.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Station Biologique
Résumé : International audience
This study focuses on the diet of the eel Anguilla anguilla, sampled during one month of each of the four seasons from autumn 1998 to summer 1999 in the Languedocian Ingril Lagoon (Gulf ot Lion). The following feeding indices were calculated based on observations of 11 categories of prey found in the contents of full stomachs: coefficient of vacuity (CV), degree of fullness (DR), occurrence frequency (PP, in %), relative abundance (N, in %) and relative weight (P, in %). A parallel monitoring of the benthic macrofauna was conducted in autumn and spring. The interpretation of the results is based on the degree III of the scale of confinement established by Guélorget & Perthuisot (1983) and on the Costello et al. (1990) method, which combines PP and N. A. anguilla mainly feeds on benthic organisms, primarily amphipods crustaceans, polychaetes, insect larvae and small fish. The eel's feeding activity is very low in November and February and usually increases during May. The trophic quality available to the eel population in the Ingril Lagoon depends on its hydrodynamic variables, which are directly related to its close communication with the sea. Changes observed in the eel's diet over this year long study illustrate an opportunist type of feeding behaviour that reflects the typical composition of the macroinvertebrate species assemblage at a given point in time. Eels consume the type of benthic prey that is most available at a given moment without using a particular feeding strategy (e.g., specialisation or generalisation). The eels adapt by shifting their diet according to the energetic resources available in the ecosystem, which vary depending on hydrological regime. Thus, the facultative catadromous migrant species Anguilla anguilla could be used as a bioindicator of changes in the biological zonation and in the available food resources in the brackish ecosystem of Ingril Lagoon during its lagoon-resident ecophase.
ISSN: 0007-9723

hal-00753020
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00753020

Éditeur(s) : Station Biologique de Roscoff
Résumé : The first record of interstitial polychaetous annelids dates no more than forty years. Presently, the total number of interstitial species described is about one hundred. Up to the present, the large group of Aphroditoidea includes no interstitial representative. A few samples made by Pr Swedmark and M. Lasserre in Bermudas enable the discovery of an undescribed species of an interstitial Sigalionidae, Pholoe swedmarki Sp. n., together with two other interstitial species of Pisionidae and Syllidae, new to the western tropical atlantic. From a morphological point of view, the comparison of P. swedmarki sp. n. with the other species of the genus reveals some adaptations to the interstitial life: reduction of the body size, reduction or, at the contrary, enlargement of some appendages of the anterior part, lack of pigmentation. From the biological point of view, P. swedmarki sp. n. displays a remarkable group of characteristics : extreme reduction of the eggs numbers, extension of the reproductive period, pregnancy of the embryos and juveniles up to a very late ontogenetical stage. The hypothesis of an intra-elytral pregnancy, involving an internal fertilization, is discussed. By its morphology and biology, P. swedmarki sp. n. forms the first undeniable example of adaptation to the interstitial life among the Aphroditoidea. [NOT CONTROLLED OCR]
La découverte des premières Annélides Polychètes interstitielles remonte à peine à une quarantaine d'années. A l'heure actuelle, le nombre total d'espèces interstitielles décrites est de l'ordre d'une centaine. Jusqu'à présent, le vaste groupe des Aphroditoidea ne comprenait aucun représentant interstitiel. Quelques récoltes effectuées aux Bermudes par le Pr Swedmark et M. Lasserre ont permis de découvrir une espèce inédite de Sigalionidae interstitiel, Pholoe swedmarki sp. n., en compagnie de deux autres espèces de Pisionidae et de Syllidae interstitielles encore inconnues dans l'Atlantique tropical Ouest. Sur le plan morphologique, la comparaison de P. swedmarki sp. n. avec les autres espèces du genre met en évidence un certain nombre d'adaptations à la vie interstitielle : réduction de la taille du corps, réduction ou, au contraire, développement de certains appendices de la région antérieure, absence de pigmentation. Du point de vue biologique, P. swedmarki sp. n. présente un ensemble d'adaptations remarquables : réduction extrême du nombre d'oeufs, allongement de la période de reproduction, gestation des embryons et des jeunes vers jusqu'à un stade ontogénétique très avancé. L'hypothèse d'une gestation intra-élytrale, impliquant une fécondation interne, est avancée. Par sa morphologie et sa biologie, P. swedmarki sp. n. constitue le premier exemple incontestable d'adaptation à la vie interstitielle chez un Aphroditoidea. [OCR NON CONTRÔLE]
Cahiers de Biologie Marine (Station Biologique de Roscoff), 1974 , Vol. 16 , N. 5 , P. 671-683

Droits : Station Biologique de Roscoff
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1974/publication-5462.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/5462/

Éditeur(s) : Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls sur mer
Résumé : Among a small collection of Annelida Polychaeta collected in the Banyuls-sur-Mer area which I was sent to for identification by M. Amouroux (Arago Laboratory, 66-Banyuls-sur-Mer) were three specimens of a recently described species of Paraonidae from the Breton coast, Paradoneis armata Glémarec, 1967. Two years later, this species was found in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, on the Cretan coasts (Kalo-Limmiones) in the endofauna of a Halophila stipulacea prairie by Harmelin (1969), who described and figured the main distinctive characters of this Paraonidae (the reference to the original description is erroneous, Glémarec linking this specimen to the genus Paradoneis Hartman, 1965, and not to the genus Paraonides Cerruti sensu Hartman, 1965). The discovery of P. armata in Banyuls-sur-Mer demonstrates the probable continuity of this species' distribution area, from Crete to the coasts of Finistère. I had the opportunity to compare the three eastern Mediterranean specimens to some Breton ones, provided by M. Glemarec, and this comparison drove me to examine again a relative form, Cirrophorus branchiatus Ehlers, 1908, discovered in the Mediterranean Sea a few years ago (Laubier 1966).
Parmi une petite collection d'Annélides Polychètes recueillie dans la région de Banyuls-sur-Mer qui m'a été envoyée pour identification par M. AMOUROUX (La boratoire Arago, 66-Banyuls-sur-Mer) figuraient trois spécimens d'une espèce de Paraonidae décrite récemment des côtes de Bretagne, Paradoneis armata Glémarec, 1967. Deux ans plus tard, l'espèce est retrouvée en Méditerranee orientale sur les côtes de Crète (Kalo-Limmiones) dans l'endofaune d'une prairie à Halophila stipulacea par HARMELIN (1969), qui décrit et figure les principaux caractères distinctifs de ce Paraonidae (la référence à la description originale est erronée, GLÉMAREC ayant rapporté cette forme au genre Paradoneis Hartman, 1965, et non au genre Paraonides Cerruti sensu Hartman, 1965). La découverte de P. armata à Banyuls-sur-Mer témoigne donc de la continuité probable de l'aire de répartition de cette espèce, depuis la Crète jusqu'aux côtes du Finistère. J'ai pu comparer les trois individus de Méditerranée occidentale avec des spécimens de Bretagne qui m'ont été aimablement confiés par M. GLEMAREC, et cette comparaison m'a conduit à reprendre également l'examen d'une forme voisine, Cirrophorus branchiatus Ehlers, 1908, découverte en Méditerranée depuis quelques années (LAUBIER 1966). [OCR NON CONTRÔLE]
Vie et milieu (Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls sur mer), 1971 , Vol. 22 , N. 2A , P. 259-262

Droits : Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls sur mer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1971/publication-5030.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/5030/

Éditeur(s) : Israel Science Journals
Résumé : This work is based upon a collection of Annelida Polychaeta assembled from the Mediterranean Coast of Israel during an ecological experiment on fouling. The present paper describes a new species of spionid, Prionospio salzi sp.nov. Some morphological and biological peculiarities lead to the conclusion that all specimens of P.salzi are old larvae. The systematic position of this species within the large genus Prionospio is considered. [NOT CONTROLLED OCR]
Israel Journal of Zoology (Israel Science Journals), 1970 , Vol. 19 , N. 4 , P. 183-190

Droits : Israel Science Journals
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1970/publication-4879.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/4879/