Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : An integrated magneto-biostratigraphic study, based on calcareous nannofossils and foraminifers, together with the radiometric dating of a volcaniclastic layer found in several outcrops, was carried out on the hemipelagic deposits of the Lindos Bay Formation (LBF) at six localities on the island of Rhodes (Greece). Our highly refined chronostratigraphic framework indicates that the lower and upper lithostratigraphic boundaries of the LBF are diachronous. Associated with the 40Ar/39Ar age determination of 1.85 ± 0.08 Ma for the volcaniclastic layer, our data show that among the investigated outcrops, the Lindos Bay type locality section provides the longest record (1.1 Ma) of the LBF. Hemipelagic deposition occurred continuously from the late Gelasian (∼1.9 Ma) to the late Calabrian (∼0.8 Ma), i.e., from Chrons C2n (Olduvai) to C1r.1r (Matuyama) and from nannofossil Zones CNPL7 to CNPL10. This long record, together with the hemipelagic nature of the deposits, make the Lindos Bay type locality section a unique element in the eastern Mediterranean region, allowing future comparisons with other early Quaternary deep-sea sections available in the central and western Mediterranean regions.
ISSN: 0033-5894

hal-01467764
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01467764
DOI : 10.1016/j.yqres.2016.05.002

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
Morphology can be misleading in the representation of phylogenetic relationships, especially in simple organisms like cnidarians and particularly in hydrozoans. These suspension feeders are widely distributed in many marine ecosystems, and the family Aglaopheniidae Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 is among the most diverse and visible, especially on tropical coral reefs. The taxonomy of this family is based on morphological characters with emphasis on reproductive structures for the identification of genera. This study is the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the Aglaopheniidae to date, including six genera and 38 species, of which 13 were investigated for the first time and sampled on tropical coral reefs throughout the Indo-Pacific region. For newly sampled individuals, we sequenced the 16S rRNA, the nuclear locus comprising the complete ITS1-5.8S rRNA gene-ITS2 and the first intron of the calmodulin nuclear gene. Phylogenetic analyses of the data revealed and confirmed a general polyphyly, or doubtful monophyly, of all sampled genera in tropical regions based on both the mitochondrial and nuclear markers. Our results revealed that several morphological characters used today are unsuited to resolve phylogenetic relationships between species and genera, as well as the high phyletic diversity within this family. Future revision of the classification of this family will require extensive geographic sampling and the use of an integrative approach.
ISSN: 0300-3256

hal-01253738
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01253738
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01253738/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01253738/file/Phylogenetic%20relationships%20within%20Aglaopheniidae%20%28Cnidaria%2C._hal.pdf
DOI : 10.1111/zsc.12135

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy B - Oxford Open Option A
Résumé :  
The mechanism for tree orientation in angiosperms is based on the production of high tensile stress on the upper side of the inclined axis. In many species, the stress level is strongly related to the presence of a peculiar layer, called the G-layer, in the fibre cell wall. The structure of the G-layer has recently been described as a hydrogel thanks to N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms of supercritically dried samples showing a high mesoporosity (pores size from 2-50 nm). This led us to revisit the concept of the G-layer that had been, until now, only described from anatomical observation. Adsorption isotherms of both normal wood and tension wood have been measured on six tropical species. Measurements show that mesoporosity is high in tension wood with a typical thick G-layer while it is much less with a thinner G-layer, sometimes no more than normal wood. The mesoporosity of tension wood species without a G-layer is as low as in normal wood. Not depending on the amount of pores, the pore size distribution is always centred around 6-12 nm. These results suggest that, among species producing fibres with a G-layer, large structural differences of the G-layer exist between species.
Journal of Experimental Botany

hal-01032161
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032161
DOI : 10.1093/jxb/erp133

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Volumes of magma intruded in and emitted by volcanoes through time can be estimated by reconstruction of vol-cano's morphology and time sequence. Classical approaches for quantifying magma volumes on active volcanoes are based on the difference between pre-and post-eruption digital elevation models (DEM), but this kind of approach needs the pre-eruptive surfaces to be available. For old and eroded volcanoes these surfaces are poorly constrained. However, because the geometrical form of many volcanic edifices exhibits a remarkable symmetry we propose, here, a new approach using primary volcanic landforms in order to estimate the amount of the both erupted and eroded material and to locate eruptive centers. A large fraction of composite volcanoes have near constant slope on their flanks and a form that is concave upwards near their summits. But many phenomena can lead to non-symetrical edifices and complex morphologies can result, for example from parasitic centers of volcanism on the flanks, from alternation of short effusive and explosive construction phases, from flank or caldera collapses, or from glacial and other types of erosion. In this study we propose that, on the first order approximation, complex morphologies can be modeled by piling regular cones. In this model, cones centers and slopes are derived by fitting primary volcanic landform with a linear function :elevation=f(distance from center). Such an approach allows to estimate both errors on location of the eruptive center and on the volume of the resulting cones. This model can then be used for quantifying volume of erupted and eroded material, and for quantifying catastrophic events as giant landslides or flank collapse. This approach is tested on four different active volcanoes : Mount Mayon (Philippines), Mount Fuji (Japan), Mount Etna (Sicily) and Mount Teide (Canary Island) to estimate errors in volume between modeled and actual edifices. It is then used on volcanoes of La Réunion hotspot to reconstruct the Piton des Neiges and Piton de la Fournaise volcanoes at its different stages of growing.
EGU 2014
Vienna, Austria

hal-01386609
http://hal.univ-reunion.fr/hal-01386609

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Taylor & Francis
Résumé : International audience
The aim of the present study was to determine whether the use of claimed and behavioural self-handicaps and theircorrelates differed across experimentally manipulated motivational climates. Fifty-six competitive basketball playersparticipated in the study. A crossover design was used, such that all participants completed the experimental task (i.e., atest of basketball skill) in both mastery and performance climates. Analyses of variance showed that claimed self-handicapswere used more in the performance than the mastery condition but only for the men. In addition, greater behavioral self-handicapping occurred in the performance than the mastery climate. Contrary to expectation, neither type of self-handicapwas related to performance on the basketball task in either climate. These findings reinforce the conceptual distinctionbetween claimed and behavioural self-handicaps and suggest that individual and environmental factors may differentiallyinfluence each type of handicap.
ISSN: 1746-1391

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
hal-01343256
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01343256
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01343256/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01343256/file/EJSS%2007-085%20Self-handicapping%20and%20Motivational%20Climate%20HAL.pdf
DOI : 10.1080/17461390902780437

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
We explore the relationships within Serraniformes (Li et al., 2009) using a dense taxon sampling and seven nuclear markers. Six had already used been for teleost phylogeny (IRBP, MC1R, MLL4, Pkd1, Rhodopsin, and RNF213) at other scales, and one (MLL2) is new. The results corroborate the composition of Serraniformes described in previous publications (some Gasterosteiformes, Perciformes and Scorpaeniformes). Within the clade, Notothenioidei and Zoarcoidei are each monophyletic. Cottoidei was not monophyletic due to placement of the genus Ebinania (Psychrolutidae). Our independent data confirm the sister-group relationship of Percophidae and Notothenioidei as well as the division of Platycephaloidei in four different groups (Bembridae, Platycephalidae, Hoplichthyidae and Peristediidae with Triglidae). Within Cottoidei, Liparidae and Cyclopteridae formed a clade associated with Cottidae, the genus Cottunculus (Psychrolutidae), and Agonidae. Serranidae and Scorpaenidae are not monophyletic, with the Serranidae divided in two clades (Serraninae and Epinephelinae/Anthiinae) and Scorpaenidae including Caracanthidae and the genus Ebinania (Psychrolutidae). We discuss some morphological characters supporting clades within the Scorpaenidae.
ISSN: 1055-7903

hal-01544909
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01544909
DOI : 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.12.020

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a particularly severe disease characterized by a high rate of recurrence and death even after surgical resection. Molecular characterization of HCC helps refine prognosis and may facilitate the development of improved therapy. Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases have recently been identified as cellular factors associated with cancer. Also, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type IIIα (PI4KA) is necessary for the propagation of the hepatitis C virus, a major etiological factor for HCC. METHODS: Reverse transcription, quantitative real-time PCR was used to assay PI4KA mRNA. The expression levels were investigated both in a collection of molecularly and clinically characterized hepatic tissues from 344 patients with diverse liver diseases and in human hepatocyte cell lines whose proliferative and differentiation status was controlled by specific culture conditions. Analytical microarray data for 60 HCC and six normal liver tissue samples were exploited to study correlations between PI4KA mRNA levels and cell proliferation markers in vivo. Postoperative disease-specific survival and time to recurrence in a set of 214 patients with HCC were studied by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: PI4KA mRNA was more abundant in HCC than normal healthy tissues. This upregulation correlated significantly with both poor differentiation and the active proliferation rate in HCC. These associations were confirmed with in vitro models. Moreover, patients with HCC who had been treated by surgical resection and had higher PI4KA mRNA concentrations in their tumor tissue exhibited a higher risk of tumor recurrence (median time: 20 months versus 49 months, P = 0.0012) and shorter disease-specific survival (first quartile time: 16 months versus 48 months, P = 0.0004). Finally, the abundance of PI4KA mRNA proved to be an independent prognostic marker of survival for cases of HCC (hazard ratio = 2.36, P = 0.0064). CONCLUSIONS: PI4KA mRNA could be used as a new molecular marker to improve established prognostic models for HCC. These findings also indicate possible new lines of research for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches targeting PI4KA.
ISSN: 1471-2407

inserm-00934294
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00934294
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00934294/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00934294/file/1471-2407-14-7.pdf
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2407-14-7

Éditeur(s) : Wiley / Blackwell
Résumé : Six cohorts of the silver-stripe round herring Spratelloides gracilis, a fast-growing and short-lived tropical clupeid, were collected as juveniles and then as adults during austral summers from November to February in 1998–1999 and 1999–2000, using light traps in the Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia. Otolith analysis allowed backcalculation of size and growth rate at age to examine the relative influences of selective mortality and water temperature on early growth. Negative sizeselective mortality and growth-selective mortality between the juvenile and the adult stages was found only in the cohort that was the smallest and slowest growing in the period immediately following hatching. Selective mortality preferentially removed members of this cohort that were smaller from age 0 to 15 days, and slower growing from 0 to 10 days, resulting in an elevation of size at age to, or even above, that of cohorts that had not undergone this process. Size and growth rate at 5 day age intervals in the first 20 days after hatching differed among cohorts within and between summers and were strongly and positively correlated (r2= 0·61–0·83) with water temperature.
Journal of Fish Biology (0022-1112) (Wiley / Blackwell), 2009-03 , Vol. 74 , N. 4 , P. 921-938

Droits : 2010 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles, Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00008/11940/8643.pdf
DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02179.x
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00008/11940/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Indic scripts are among few scripts in the world that have had continuous development for more than two millennia. The modern forms of the scripts are the result of infinitesimal changes in handwriting being accumulated over centuries. They present us with a unique opportunity to understand various changes occurring in handwriting behavior. We have taken four major Indic scripts in six different stages of evolution and extracted features quantifying their handwriting behavior. We have derived these features by applying the principles of handwriting production and gesture analysis on a paleographic data set. We present various trends and behaviors that occurred during script development and discuss our interpretation of the results in terms of evolution of handwriting behavior. We then briefly discuss the detailed analyses that will be performed on the dataset in the future. We also consider the applications of these results in digital paleography and handwriting-driven systems.
17th Biennial Conference of the International Graphonomics Society
Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe

hal-01165770
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165770
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165770/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01165770/file/IGS_2015_submission_8.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
The natural history of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) has been unclear due to the absence of prospective studies. The rate of patients who experience an early progression of their disease is unknown. Additionally, conflicting effects of smoking cessation on the outcome of PLCH have been reported. In this prospective, multicentre study, 58 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed PLCH were comprehensively evaluated over a two-year period. Our objectives were to estimate the incidence of early progression of the disease and to evaluate the impact of smoking status on lung function outcomes. Lung function deterioration was defined as a decrease of at least 15% in FEV1 and/or FVC and/or DLCO, compared with baseline values. At each visit, smoking status was recorded based on the patients' self-reports and urinary cotinine measurements that were blinded for the patients. The cumulative incidence of lung function outcomes over time was estimated using the non-parametric Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate Cox models with time-dependent covariates were used to calculate the hazards ratios of the lung function deterioration associated with smoking status with adjustment for potential confounders. The cumulative incidence of lung function deterioration at 24 months was 38% (22% for FEV1 and DLCO, and 9% for FVC). In the multivariate analysis, smoking status and PaO2 at inclusion were the only factors associated with the risk of lung function deterioration. The patients' smoking statuses markedly changed over time. Only 20% of the patients quit using tobacco for the entire study period. Nevertheless, being a non-smoker was associated with a decreased risk of subsequent lung function deterioration, even after adjustment for baseline predictive factors. By serial lung computed tomography, the extent of cystic lesions increased in only 11% of patients. Serial lung function evaluation on a three- to six-month basis is essential for the follow-up of patients with recently diagnosed PLCH to identify those who experience an early progression of their disease. These patients are highly addicted to tobacco, and robust efforts should be undertaken to include them in smoking cessation programs. ClinicalTrials.gov: No: NCT01225601 .
ISSN: 1750-1172

hal-01146047
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01146047
PUBMED : 25887097
DOI : 10.1186/s13023-015-0249-2

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Ants figure prominently among the worst invasive species because of their enormous ecological and economic impacts. However, it remains to be investigated which species would be behaviourally dominant when confronted with another invasive ant species, should two species be introduced in the same area. In the future, many regions might have suitable environmental conditions for several invasive ant species, as predicted under climate change scenarios. Here, we explored interactions among several highly invasive ant species, which have been shown to have overlapping suitable areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance in interference competition of seven of the world's worst invasive ant species (Anoplolepis gracilipes, Paratrechina longicornis, Myrmica rubra, Linepithema humile, Lasius neglectus, Wasmannia auropunctata and Pheidole megacephala). We conducted pairwise confrontations, testing the behaviour of each species against each of the six other species (in total 21 dyadic confrontations). We used single worker confrontations and group interactions of 10 versus 10 individuals to establish a dominance hierarchy among these invasive ant species. We discovered two different behavioural strategies among these invasive ants: three species displayed evasive or indifferent behaviour when individuals or groups were confronted (A. gracilipes, Pa. longicornis, M. rubra), while the four remaining species were highly aggressive during encounters and formed a linear dominance hierarchy. These findings contrast with the widespread view that invasive ants form a homogeneous group of species displaying the `invasive syndrome', which includes generally aggressive behaviour. The dominance hierarchy among the four aggressive species may be used to predict the outcome of future competitive interactions under some circumstances. Yet, the existence of several behavioural strategies renders such a prediction less straightforward.
ISSN: 1387-3547

hal-01444816
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01444816
DOI : 10.1007/s10530-015-0892-5

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : The diversity and functional identity of organisms are known to be relevant to the maintenance of ecosystem processes but can be variable in different environments. Particularly, it is uncertain whether ecosystem processes are driven by complementary effects or by dominant groups of species. We investigated how community structure (i.e., the diversity and relative abundance of biological entities) explains the community-level contribution of Neotropical ant communities to different ecosystem processes in different environments. Ants were attracted with food resources representing six ant-mediated ecosystem processes in four environments: ground and vegetation strata in cropland and forest habitats. The exploitation frequencies of the baits were used to calculate the taxonomic and trophic structures of ant communities and their contribution to ecosystem processes considered individually or in combination (i.e., multifunctionality). We then investigated whether community structure variables could predict ecosystem processes and whether such relationships were affected by the environment. We found that forests presented a greater biodiversity and trophic complementarity and lower dominance than croplands, but this did not affect ecosystem processes. In contrast, trophic complementarity was greater on the ground than on vegetation and was followed by greater resource exploitation levels. Although ant participation in ecosystem processes can be predicted by means of trophic-based indices, we found that variations in community structure and performance in ecosystem processes were best explained by environment. We conclude that determining the extent to which the dominance and complementarity of communities affect ecosystem processes in different environments requires a better understanding of resource availability to different species.
ISSN: 0029-8549

hal-01606497
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01606497
DOI : 10.1007/s00442-016-3741-z
PRODINRA : 407457

Résumé : For several years the fishermen of the West Indies have directed their activities towards new fishing grounds, notably the bathyales zones adjacent to island plateaux up to approximately 1000 metres in depth. Explorations carried out since 1989 have shown that diverse crustacean populations could be exploited. However, populations and exploitable stocks are not well known. The use of crustaceans traps as a fishing technique permits the capture of shellfish, shrimps and prawns of which at least six species could have commercial interest. The main objective of this work is do draw up an inventory of the principal commercial species as well as the accompanying species belonging to the subordres Decapoda macrura, anomura, brachyura and to the orders Isopoda and Amphipoda. It is intended for fishermen and other socio-professionals of the fishing industry. It should enable them to identify and name these previously unexploited varieties of Crustacea to facilitate their sale in local markets.
Depuis quelques années, des pêcheurs antillais orientent leurs activités vers de nouveaux secteurs de pêche, notamment les zones bathyales adjacentes aux plateaux insulaires, jusque vers 1000 mètres de profondeur. Des campagnes exploratoires menées depuis 1989, ont montré que diverses populations carcinologiques pouvaient faire l'objet d'une exploitation. Toutefois, populations et stocks exploitables ne sont pas bien connus. L'emploi du casier comme technique de pêche, permet la capture de crustacés, crevettes et langoustines, dont au moins 6 espèces peuvent avoir un intérêt commercial. Ce travail nomenclatural a pour premier objectif de dresser l'inventaire des principales espèces commerciales ainsi que des espèces accompagnatrices appartenant aux infra-ordres des Décapodes macroures, anomoures, brachyoures, et aux ordres des Isopodes et des Amphipodes. Il est destiné aux pêcheurs et aux autres personnes des catégories socio-professionnelles de la filière pêche. Il devrait leur permettre d'identifier et de nommer ces produits nouveaux pour faciliter leur vente sur les marchés locaux.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/rapport-1543.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1543/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag/EDP Sciences
Résumé : International audience
Background : This study examines the radial trend in wood stiffness of tropical rainforest trees. The objective was to determine if the type of growing environment (exposed plantation or dense primary forest) would have an effect on this radial trend. Methods : The axial elastic modulus of wood samples, representing a pith to bark cross-section, of six trees from several French Guianese species (two of Eperua falcata, one of Eperua grandiflora, two of Carapa procera and one of Symphonia gloubulifera) was measured using a dynamic "forced vibration" method. Results : Primary forest trees were observed to have a decrease in wood stiffness from pith to bark, whereas plantation trees, from the same genus or species, displayed a corresponding increase in wood stiffness. Juvenile wood stiffness appears to vary depending on the environment in which the tree had grown. Conclusion : We suggest that the growth strategy of primary forest trees is to produce wood resistant to selfbuckling so that the height of the canopy may be obtained with the maximum of efficiency. In contrast, the growth strategy of the trees growing in an exposed plantation is to produce low-stiffness wood, important to provide flexibility in wind. Further experiments to study the behaviour of more species, with more individuals per species, growing across a range of physical environments, are required.
ISSN: 1286-4560

hal-00644335
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00644335
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00644335/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00644335/file/McLean_al.pdf
DOI : 10.1007/s13595-011-0085-z

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy B
Résumé : International audience
AIMS: Indications for surgery in acute infective endocarditis (IE) are detailed in guidelines, but their application is not well known. We analysed the agreement between the patient's attending physicians and European Society of Cardiology guidelines regarding indications for surgery. We also assessed whether surgery was performed in patients who had an indication. METHODS AND RESULTS: From the 2008 prospective population-based French survey on IE, 303 patients with definite left-sided native IE were identified. For each case, we prospectively recorded (i) indication for surgery according to the attending physicians and (ii) indication for surgery according to guidelines. Surgery was indicated in 194 (65%) patients according to attending physicians and in 221 (73%) according to guidelines, while 139 (46%) underwent surgery. Agreement was moderate between attending physicians and guidelines (kappa 0.41-0.59) and between indication according to guidelines and the performance of surgery (kappa 0.38). Of the 90 (30%) patients not operated despite indication, contraindication to surgery was reported by the attending physicians in 42 (47%), and indication was not identified in 48 (53%). One-year survival was 76% in patients with indication and surgery performed (n = 131), 69% in patients without indication and no surgery (n = 74), 56% in patients with identified indication and contraindication to surgery (n = 42), and 60% in patients with no identified indication (n = 48; P = 0.059). CONCLUSION: Cardiac surgery during acute IE was recommended in almost three out of four patients, although fewer than half were actually operated. Indication was not acknowledged by the attending physicians in one out of six patients
ISSN: 0195-668X

hal-01255874
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01255874
DOI : 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv650
PUBMED : 26685134

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Taylor & Francis
Résumé : International audience
The pollination of the genus Arum (Araceae) is mainly achieved by deception, the floral odour mimicking the pollinator ovipositing site. In order to discover the sensory organs involved in this attraction, we have studied the antennae of five species of psychodine moth-flies (former Psychoda sensu lato=Psychodini), pollinators of Arum spp. The antennae of the five Psychodini reveal seven types of sensilla: multiporous tribranched sensilla basiconica (sensilla ascoidea), multiporous sensilla basiconica, multiporous sensilla coeloconica, multiporous sensilla auricillica, uniporous sensilla basiconica, aporous sensilla chaetica, aporous Böhm’s sensilla. Each species possesses three, five or six of these sensillum types. All the multiporous sensilla are probably olfactory receptors while the uniporous sensilla basiconica must possess a contact chemoreceptive function. The multiporous tribranched sensilla basiconica (s. ascoidea), present in all the species, are the best candidates for the reception of the odours given off by the ovipositing sites and the inflorescences of Arum. The multiporous sensilla basiconica and the multiporous sensilla coeloconica may be involved respectively as CO2 receptors or thermoreceptors. Psychoda phalaenoides, which is the main pollinator of A. maculatum, is the species which possesses the largest number of antennal sensilla. The sexual dimorphism, studied only in Psycha grisescens, as concerns the number of sensilla and the absence of a sensillum type which differ according to sex, is difficult to interpret.
ISSN: 0037-9271

hal-01096881
https://hal-agroparistech.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01096881

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : This study deals with the preliminary data of rare earth elements (REE) obtained on northeastern Algerian phosphorites from the Tébessa region. These phosphorites are located in two different basins: the northern basin represented by Dj. El Kouif, Dj. Dyr and Tazbant showings and the southern basin with the giant Dj. Onk phosphate deposit. The host sedimentary formation is Late Paleocene to Early Eocene. Twenty-six (26) samples from the four (4) localities were collected and analyzed for their REE contents using the ICP-MS technique. Phosphates from the southern basin (Dj. Onk deposit) show ∑REE contents ranging from 174.41 and 906.39 ppm (average ∑REE = 623.01 ppm), while the northern phosphorites have lower ∑REE contents (from 125.45 to 472.44 ppm; average = 265.57 ppm). PAAS-normalized REE patterns and binary Box plot of (Sm/Pr)N vs (Sm/Yb)N show HREE enrichments for samples from the northern localities while most samples from the southern basin are HREE depleted. Normalized (La/Yb)N vs (La/Sm)N plot shows that (La/Sm)N ratios of all samples are similar to those of modern seawater (from 0.83 to 1.55). However, the (La/Yb)N ratios of the two basins are significantly higher (from 0.67 to 1.18), which indicates an early diagenesis. The Ce/Ce* vs Pr/Pr* diagram shows that the observed Ce anomaly was not affected by diagenesis and more likely represents a proxy for redox conditions. The obtained results substantiate that the northern phosphorites were formed in more oxic environment with more pronounced negative Ce anomalies, whereas the southern phosphorites have lower Ce anomalies. Northern phosphorites are different from those from the south probably because the northern basin was more connected to an open sea as did the Sra Ouartan basin in northern Tunisia. These results have also been confirmed by statistical method studies, such as factorial discriminate analysis.
ISSN: 1877-7058

hal-01412572
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01412572
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01412572/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01412572/file/kechided2016.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.02.048

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé :  
Mechanical signals have an impact on plant development. Tropical rainforest trees display large variability for life-history traits related to biomechanics and therefore are a unique study system to better understand biomechanical trait variability from an evolutionary perspective. From sequences and gene expression data available in model species, we developed specific primers for six candidate genes for mechano-sensing in five tropical species. Most of the gene sequences were polymorphic in most species.
ISSN: 1614-2942

hal-01019738
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01019738
DOI : 10.1007/s11295-010-0363-1

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: Reliable molecular typing tools are required for a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax. The genes msp3a and msp1_block5 are highly polymorphic and have been used as markers in many P. vivax population studies. These markers were used to assess the genetic diversity of P. vivax strains from French Guiana (South America) and to develop a molecular typing protocol. METHODS: A total of 120 blood samples from 109 patients (including 10 patients suffered from more than one malaria episode, samples were collected during each episode) with P. vivax infection were genotyped. All samples were analysed by msp3a PCR-RFLP and msp1_b5 gene sequencing was performed on 57 samples. Genotyping protocol applied to distinguish between new infection or relapse from heterologus hypnozoites and treatment failure or relapse from homologus hypnozoites was based on analysing first msp3a by PCR-RFLP and secondly, only if the genotypes of the two samples are identical, on sequencing the msp1_b5 gene. RESULTS: msp3a alleles of three sizes were amplified by PCR: types A, B and C. Eleven different genotypes were identified among the 109 samples analysed by msp3a PCR-RFLP. In 13.8% of cases, a mixed genotype infection was observed. The sequence of msp1_b5 gene revealed 22 unique genotypes and 12.3% of cases with mixed infection. In the 57 samples analysed by both methods, 45 genotypes were found and 21% were mixed. Among ten patients with two or three malaria episodes, the protocol allowed to identify five new infections or relapses from heterologous hypnozoites and six treatment failures of relapses from homologous hypnozoites. CONCLUSION: The study showed a high diversity of msp3a and msp1_b5 genetic markers among P. vivax strains in French Guiana with a low polyclonal infection rate. These results indicated that the P. vivax genotyping protocol presented has a good discrimination power and can be used in clinical drug trials or epidemiological studies.
ISSN: 1475-2875

pasteur-00590981
https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00590981
DOI : 10.1186/1475-2875-8-40
PUBMED : 19284592

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD American Geophysical Union
Résumé : International audience
Past earthquake slips on faults are commonly determined by measuring morphological offsets at current ground surface. Because those offsets might not always be well preserved, we examine whether the first 10 m below ground surface contains relevant information to complement them. We focus on the Te Marua site, New Zealand, where 11 alluvial terraces have been dextrally offset by the Wellington fault. We investigated the site using pseudo-3D Ground Penetrating Radar and also produced a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) of the zone to constrain the surface slip record. The GPR data reveal additional information: (1) they image the 3D stratigraphic architecture of the seven youngest terraces and show that they are strath terraces carved into graywacke bedrock. Each strath surface is overlain by 3-5 m of horizontally bedded gravel sheets, including two pronounced and traceable reflectors; (2) thanks to the multilayer architecture, terrace risers and channels are imaged at three depths and their lateral offsets can be measured three to four times, constraining respective offsets and their uncertainties more reliably; and (3) the offsets are better preserved in the subsurface than at the ground surface, likely due to subsequent erosion-deposition on the latter. From surface and subsurface data, we infer that Te Marua has recorded six cumulative offsets of 2.9, 7.6, 18, 23.2, 26, and 31 m (± 1-2 m). Large earthquakes on southern Wellington fault might produce 3-5 m of slip, slightly less than previously proposed. Pseudo-3D GPR thus provides a novel paleoseismological tool to complement and refine surface investigations
ISSN: 2169-9313

hal-00873350
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00873350
DOI : 10.1002/jgrb.50317