Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
Fishing rods with fishing lines rest in the wake of a boat off the coast of Bimini, Bahamas. Bimini, the closest Bahamian island to the United States, is made up of two main islands, North Bimini and South Bimini, and several cays. Flowing north of Bimini is the Gulf Stream, a northward-flowing ocean current in the western North Atlantic Ocean. Bimini has been nicknamed “Sport Fishing Capital of the World.” The Bimini coat of arms features a marlin with a fishing line in its mouth. Slide labeled Marlin Fishing Bimini Mar '46.
Bahamas -- North America -- Bimini

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
Sheet 7:17
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00028543/00001

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
A view of the wake of a boat and other boats off the coast of Bimini, Bahamas. Bimini, the closest Bahamian island to the United States, is made up of two main islands, North Bimini and South Bimini, and several cays. Flowing north of Bimini is the Gulf Stream, a northward-flowing ocean current in the western North Atlantic Ocean. Bimini has been nicknamed “Sport Fishing Capital of the World.” The Bimini coat of arms features a marlin with a fishing line in its mouth. Slide labeled Bryant Gulf Stream at Bimini Mar. '46.
Bahamas -- North America -- Bimini

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
Sheet 7:16
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00028542/00001

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.
D20-007

Éditeur(s) : Yale University
Résumé : Sea-surface temperature images of the coastal upwelling regions off Northwest Africa show that the core of upwelling is sometimes located far from the coast. This has been documented in three regions that share a common feature, namely a wide and shallow continental shelf. This upwelling feature plays a key role in the ecology of the Canary Current System. It creates an innerfront which provides retention for biological material, e.g. fish eggs and larvae, in the highly productive nearshore environment. An analytical model has been developed based on a two dimensional extension of Ekman's solution. The linear and steady response of a homogeneous ocean forced by an upwelling-favorable wind provides a mechanism for the upwelling separation from the coast. The merging of the surface and bottom Ekman layers induces a very weak cross-shore circulation and a "kinematic barrier" for the Ekman transport divergence. In the case of an alongshore wind, the barrier is located near the isobath h ≈ 0.4D, where D is the thickness of Ekman layers. This yields an upwelling cell which is essentially concentrated in the region 0.5D < h < 1.25D, with upwelling occurring preferentially near the isobath h ≈ 0.6D. It turns out that the cross-shore width of upwelling scales with D/S, the ratio of Ekman depth to bottom topographic slope. The application of this solution to real bathymetric profiles rationalizes, not only the offshore upwelling observations in Northwest Africa, but also the influence of topography on the cross-shelf structure of a wind-driven coastal upwelling. The model also quantifies the effect of the cross-shore wind component showing how it drives the nearshore pressure gradient adjustment and how it affects the upwelling. A linear numerical experiment reproduces the theoretical steady solution, thereby allowing investigation of the transient regime. Relaxation of the hypothesis in the numerical model validates the linear assumption of the theory and then allows investigation of the sensitivity to friction parameterizations and the influence of stratification. The latter leads to an "oscillation" of the upwelling cell with seaward migration driven by outcropping and homogeneization of the water column, and, coastal incursion driven by a "boundary layers splitting" process caused by shoreward advection of the isopycnal dome and stratification of the inner shelf.
Journal of Marine Research (Yale University), 2008-09 , Vol. 66 , N. 5 , P. 589-616

Droits : 2008 Yale University
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-6334.pdf
DOI:10.1357/002224008787536790
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/6334/

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.
D29-009

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
A wooden house with a thatched roof near Winding Bay, Great Abaco, Bahamas. In front of the house is laundry drying on a clothes line and fishing nets. Some of the trees around the house appear to be an almond tree and a papaya. Slide labeled House Winding Bay April '65.
Bahamas -- North America -- Winding Bay, Great Abaco

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
Sheet 11:5
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00028952/00001

Éditeur(s) : Pêche thonière et dispositifs de concentration de poissons, Caribbean-Martinique, 15-19 Oct 1999
Résumé : From 1972, when Solomon Taiyo Limited (stl) started a pole-and-line fishing operation, to 1980, stl vessels had been catching tuna almost exclusively from surface free-swimming schools. In 1981, a fad programme group purse-seining fishing operation, using the Filipino "payao" model, was put in place. Results were excellent and STL vessels quickly adapted their fishing methods to make the best use of fads. STL slightly modified the original payao design to better suit its own needs and nowadays, about 90% of the group purse seine catch, i.e. 5,800 t annually, and around 60-70% of the pole-and-line catch, i.e. about 15,000 t annually, come from fad fishing. fads bring benefits not only to stl but also to the rural communities of the region. For stl, it allows savings on the operational costs, especially those of pole-and-line fishing operations, reduction of searching time and a better regularity of fish landings. For the rural communities, it gives better returns to bait-ground owners through royalties paid by stl for their baitfishing boats and it allows local fishing communities (known as canoe-fishermen) to increase their catches using fishing methods (artisanal) such as trolling and midwater handlines set around fads. This provides fish for family consumption and a source of income from fish sold. Overall, the importance of fads to stl's fishing operation, and therefore to the local economy as a whole, is high, although no precise value can be attached to it.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15307/12643.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15307/

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa
Lafayette Street

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.
D20-008

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.
D29-014

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.
D29-0015

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.

Résumé : When Henry B. Plant brought the railroad to Tampa in 1884, he opened the door for many businesses to locate and flourish here. The railroad was at the center of the city's economy. From downtown it went to Port Tampa where one could board a Plant steamship to Jamaica, Cuba, New Orleans, Bermuda or other destinations. A spur of the rail line brought the train up to the west front of the hotel so guests could depart the train and walk directly into the lobby. The Tampa Bay Hotel cost approximately 2.5 million dollars to build and $500,000 to furnish. Consisting of 511 rooms, some of which were suites of 3-7 rooms, it provided a degree of luxury never before seen in Tampa. Most of the rooms had their own baths and all had electricity and telephones. In addition, guests were surrounded by a varied collection of furniture, porcelains, Venetian-style mirrors, and sculptures gathered by Mr. and Mrs. Plant in their travels in Europe. The Tampa Bay Hotel opened in 1891 amid wide fanfare and celebration. Henry Plant's dream was now a reality. The newspapers of the day described it as "brightly illuminated, filled with sumptuous decorations, thrilling music and graced with turrets, domes and minarets towering heavenward and glistening in the sun." It was a Victorian palace. The hotel was a lively place with balls, tea parties, and organized hunts during the winter social season. It was open seasonally from December to April in the 1890's. Once a guest arrived at the hotel, he needed to be entertained. Guests went wild game hunting as well as fresh and salt-water fishing. Water sports were also included like sailing, rowing, and canoeing. For the less adventuresome, there were bicycles, carriages, and rickshaws to ride you around the property. The hotel also offered golf, tennis, shuffleboard, billiards, and even a racetrack.
(Funding) Funded in part by the Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), Ephemeral Cities Project.
Tampa |z 1271000 |2 ceeus
Hillsborough County |z 12057 |2 ceeus
United States of America -- Florida -- Hillsborough County -- Tampa

Droits : All rights reserved. 2005.

Résumé : In the beginning, the coastal fleet of the Bigouden region fished by trawling and was completely focused on exploiting lobster and hake. It is a traditional business that expanded between the last war and the 70s, reaching its peak between 1975 and 1980. The best image to give an idea of this fleet is that of a "bucket waterwheel" endlessly discharging its catch in the four ports of the Guilvinec district. Where there is a seafaring business in Guilvinec, Loctudy and Saint-Guénolé, there is a complementarity that is expressed in two ways: - coastal fishing constitutes a very noticeable and regular supplement to production, since sales happen daily and only bad winter weather causes a relative decrease in the supplement. - coastal fishing gives a flattering image of the port based on the display of high-quality leading market products: daily live lobster, hake and angler. In this study, we have above all tried to evaluate the situation of the Bigouden coastal system as an entity, while including in the same analysis the species, fleets and the exploitation of the resource. For the main species, a balance sheet is proposed. It covers the lobster, hake and angler separately. Lobster, because of its small amount of movement, can be considered as being an isolated stock, while fish belong to much more wide-ranging groups. The lobster has gained from various increases in meshing that have been imposed since 1971, even if these have not always been strictly applied. One of the results of this management by means of meshing is a "depreciation" of the variations of daily yields around an average value of 100kg. For the hake, the dominant trait is an increase in yields in the last few years in accordance with an improvement of the situation in the Gulf of Gascony due to a generalised decrease of effort and a modification of the exploitation profile since the appearance of boulters and straight nets. Whereas the situation for lobster fisheries, as regards the hake's marketable size, did not improve, since the demand for small hake still exists, we have nonetheless been witnessing for about ten years a slow diversification of the fleets' business activities, which is much more in line with sequential hake fisheries' logical outline of exploitation. When lobster yields decrease, one part of the fleet focuses on the fish at the edges of the lobster fisheries. For the angler, we see rather similar phenomena and a significant increase in unloading of the two species by lobster fishermen due also to a widening of their fishing areas. On the lobster mudflats themselves, there is no notable change in exploitation in the historical records. All studies of coastal fishing always come up against the problem of acquiring statistical data and the Bigouden region is no exception to the rule. To improve this situation, in 1987 and 1988 two items were chosen: - a better awareness of the activity and of the areas frequented, by survey during unloading in Guilvinec and in Loctudy. - a detailed description of the haul by species, by sampling, in Loctudy, on two-thirds of coastal sales, between December 1987 and November 1988. For this reason, analysis of fleets by type is still cursory and covers only one year. The appearance of new trends towards fish can only be described qualitatively, since there is no historical record. The classification of boats was done by analysing data furnished by the auctions. This first assessment is not necessarily reliable, above all because of the auctions' inaccurate description of the hauls, a deficiency that we have tried to overcome by surveying in Loctudy. In conclusion, we are witnessing in the Bigouden region, as in other entities, a rebalancing between traditional business activities and modern trends. Lobster fishing, almost exclusive before the 1980s, is tending to decrease for two main reasons: - a generalised decrease in activity in the lobster fisheries due to non-renewal of coastal fish fleets, - The transfer of part of the lobster fishermen's activities to fish, since the lobster and its accompanying catch no longer seemed able to insure the economic viability of new ships. Other maritime districts resolved their lobster problem in a different way. The Lorient fishermen improved their yields by using more capable trawlers, the fishermen of Sable by exploiting the hake fish run to the fullest and limiting their lobster fishing to the best season. The Bigouden region is slowly turning to the second solution, as it renews its fleet.
A ses origines, la flottille côtière du pays bigouden péchant au chalut, est tout entière orientée vers l'exploitation de la langoustine et du merlu. Il s'agit d'une activité traditionnelle qui s' amplifie entre la dernière guerre et les années 70 pour atteindre son apogée entre 1975 et 1980. La meilleure image que l'on puisse donner de cette flottille est celle d'une "noria" débarquant inlassablement sa capture dans les quatre ports du quartier du Guilvinec. Là où existe une activité hauturière à Guilvinec, Loctudy et Saint-Guénolé, il y a une complémentarité qui s'exprime de deux manières : - la pêche côtière constitue un appoint très appréciable et régulier de production, puisque la vente est quotidienne et que seules les intempéries hivernales entraînent une baisse relative des apports. - la pêche côtière donne du port une image flatteuse basée sur la présentation de produits d'appel de grande qualité : langoustine vivante, merlu et baudroies quotidiens. Dans cette étude, nous avons surtout tenté de faire le point sur le système côtier bigouden en tant qu'entité, en englobant dans la même analyse des espèces, les flottilles et l'exploitation de la ressource. Pour les espèces principales, un bilan est proposé. Il couvre séparément la langoustine, le merlu et les baudroies. La langoustine, en raison de ses faibles déplacements, peut être considérée comme constituant un stock isolé, alors que les poissons appartiennent à des ensembles beaucoup plus vastes. La langoustine a beaucoup gagné des diverses augmentations de maillage qui ont été imposées depuis 1971, même si elles n'ont pas toujours été appliquées avec rigueur. Un des résultats de cette gestion par les maillages est un "amortissement" des variations des rendements journaliers autour d'une valeur moyenne de 100 kg. Pour le merlu, le trait dominant est une augmentation des rendements dans les dernières années en accord avec une amélioration de la situation dans le Golfe de Gascogne due à une baisse généralisée de l'effort et à une modification du profil d'exploitation depuis l'apparition des palangriers et des filets droits. Si la situation sur les pêcheries de langoustine, au regard de la taille marchande du merlu, ne s'est pas améliorée puisque la demande de petits merluchons existe toujours, on assiste par contre depuis une dizaine d'années à une diversification lente des activités des flottilles entrant beaucoup mieux dans le schéma logique d'exploitation des pêcheries séquentielles de merlu. Quand les rendements en langoustine baissent, une partie de la flottille s'oriente vers les poisson sur les marges des pêcheries de langoustine. Pour les baudroies on observe des phénomènes assez analogues et une augmentation importante des débarquements des deux espèces par les langoustiniers due également à un élargissement de leurs zones de pêche. Sur les vasières à langoustine elles-mêmes, il n'y a pas de modification notable de l'exploitation dans la série historique. Toute étude des pêches côtières se heurte toujours au problème d'acquisition des données statistiques et le pays bigouden n'échappe pas à la règle. Pour améliorer cette situation, en 1987 et 1988, deux points ont été retenus : - une meilleure connaissance de l'effort et des zones fréquentées, par enquête au moment des débarquements à Guilvinec et à Loctudy, - une description détaillée des apports par espèce, par échantillonnage, à Loctudy, sur les 2/3 des ventes côtières, entre décembre 1987 et novembre 1988. Pour cette raison, l'analyse de flottilles en types est encore sommaire et n'a porté que sur une année. L'apparition des tendances nouvelles vers le poisson ne peut être décrite que qualitativement puisque la série historique n'existe pas. La classification des bateaux a été faite par l'analyse des données fournies par les criées. Ce premier diagnostic ne présente pas toutes les garanties en raison surtout d'une description peu fidèle des apports par les criées, déficience que l'on a essayé de pallier en enquêtant à Loctudy. En conclusion, on assiste dans le pays bigouden comme dans d'autres entités à un rééquilibrage entre les activités traditionnelles et des orientations modernes. La pêche de langoustine, quasi exclusive avant les années 1980, tend à décroître pour deux raisons principales : - une baisse généralisée de l'effort sur les pêcheries de langoustine due au nonrenouvellement des flottilles de pêche côtière, - le report d'une partie de l'effort des langoustiniers vers les pêcheries de poissons, la langoustine et sa capture accessoire ne semblant plus pouvoir assurer la rentabilité économique des navires neufs. D'autres quartiers maritimes ont résolu de façon différente leur problème langoustine. Les Lorientais ont amélioré leurs rendements en adoptant des chaluts plus performants, les Sablais en exploitant à fond la séquence des pêcheries de merlu et en limitant leur intervention sur la langoustine à la saison la plus favorable. Le pays bigouden s'engage lentement dans la seconde solution, au rythme du renouvellement de sa flottille.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/rapport-2202.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/2202/

Éditeur(s) : EDP Sciences
Résumé : From April 2003 to April 2004 monthly sea surveys were conducted around 2 fish aggregating devices (FADs) moored at 2000 and 2500 m depth in Martinique (Lesser Antilles). The use of a dual frequency splitbeam echosounder combined with an underwater camera and fishing methods allowed assessment of average space and time distribution of pelagic fish aggregated beneath the FADs, as well as identification of their overall size and species composition. At daytime, 4 fish aggregations were identified at each FAD, representing 4 distinct types: i) an aggregation of small juvenile tuna (mean fork length, FL: 30 cm) observed very close to the surface in 25% of daytime periods; ii) a small surface aggregation dominated by carangids, Caranx crysos, present in 65% of daytime periods; iii) a large sub-surface aggregation observed during all daytime periods: this aggregation appeared to be primarily comprised of 58 cm FL blackfin tuna (Thunnus atlanticus), mixed with yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) tunas of the same size; and iv) sub-surface scattered large predators (mainly blue marlin, Makaira nigricans) present in 10% of daytime periods. A smaller sub-surface aggregation comprised of medium tuna mixed with "extranatants" (fishes which remain within 10 to 50 m of a FAD) was observed in 75% of night-time periods, whereas unidentified scattered fishes were detected from 70 to 400 m depth. The low daytime vulnerability of medium sub-surface tunas to applied line techniques leads us to assume that their feeding motivation was low during daytime. These tunas could preferentially feed on mesopelagic organisms during night-time and transition periods around Martinican moored FADs. Local fishermen mainly targeted the large scattered predators using very small tunas as living bait. The sub-surface tuna aggregation hence appeared to be currently unexploited by local fisheries, though it represented the large majority of the pelagic biomass around the moored FADs.
Des campagnes scientifiques mensuelles ont été menées autour de 2 dispositifs de concentration de poissons ancrés à 2000-2500 m de profondeur, en Martinique d'avril 2003 à avril 2004. L'utilisation combinée d'un échosondeur monofaisceau multifréquence, d'une caméra vidéo sous-marine et de techniques de pêche conventionnelles a permis de déterminer la distribution spatio-temporelle moyenne des poissons agrégés autour des DCP ancrés ainsi que la composition générale des agrégations. Les techniques de vidéo sous-marine ont joué un rôle majeur dans l'identification des espèces et l'observation de leur comportement. De jour; quatre types d'agrégations ont été définis : i) une agrégation de thonidés juvéniles (longueur à la fourche, LF, moyenne : 30 cm) observée très près de la surface durant 25 % des périodes diurnes échantillonnées ii) une petite agrégation composée essentiellement de Caranx crysos présente en surface lors de 65 % des phases diurnes iii) une grande agrégation de thons observée en sub-surface lors de toutes les phases diurnes; cette agrégation était constituée essentiellement de thons noirs (Thunnus atlanticus) de 58 cm LF, associés de façon saisonnière à des albacores (Thunnus albacares) et des listaos (Katsuwonus pelamis) de taille similaire iv) des grands prédateurs assez dispersés (essentiellement le marlin bleu, Makaira nigricans), observés lors de 10 % des phases diurnes. Une agrégation de sub-surface, aux dimensions plus réduites et composée de thons et "d'extranatants" (poissons restant à distance de 10 à 50 m du DCP) a été observée lors de 75 % des périodes nocturnes; ainsi que des organismes non-identifiés dispersés entre 70 et 400 m de profondeur. La faible vulnérabilité diurne des thons de sub-surface aux techniques de ligne utilisées indique qu'ils ne se nourrissent pas activement durant la journée. Ces poissons pourraient se nourrir préférentiellement d'organismes mésopélagiques durant les phases de transition et nocturnes autour des DCP ancrés. La pêcherie artisanale martiniquaise n'exploite qu'une faible part des ressources agrégées autour des DCP ancrés. Les principales espèces-cibles sont les grands prédateurs capturés de jour en utilisant des thonidés juvéniles comme appât vivant. L'agrégation de thons de sub-surface représente la grande majorité de la biomasse autour des DCP mais elle est quasiment inexploitée par les pêcheries locales.
Aquatic Living Resources (0990-7440) (EDP Sciences), 2007-10 , Vol. 20 , N. 4 , P. 357-366

Droits : EDP Sciences, IFREMER, IRD 2007
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3634.pdf
DOI:10.1051/alr:2008004
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/3634/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
The release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into the environment has increased very substantially over the last decades. PAHs are hydrophobic molecules which can accumulate in high concentrations in sediments acting then as major secondary sources. Fish contamination can occur through contact or residence nearby sediments or though dietary exposure. In this study, we analyzed certain physiological traits in unexposed fish (F1) issued from parents (F0) exposed through diet to three PAH mixtures at similar and environmentally relevant concentrations but differing in their compositions. For each mixture, no morphological differences were observed between concentrations. An increase in locomotor activity was observed in larvae issued from fish exposed to the highest concentration of a pyrolytic (PY) mixture. On the contrary, a decrease in locomotor activity was observed in larvae issued from heavy oil mixture (HO). In the case of the third mixture, light oil (LO), a reduction of the diurnal activity was observed during the setup of larval activity. Behavioral disruptions persisted in F1-PY juveniles and in their offspring (F2). Endocrine disruption was analyzed using cyp19a1b:GFP transgenic line and revealed disruptions in PY and LO offspring. Since no PAH metabolites were dosed in larvae, these findings suggest possible underlying mechanisms such as altered parental signaling molecule and/or hormone transferred in the gametes, eventually leading to early imprinting. Taken together, these results indicate that physiological disruptions are observed in offspring of fish exposed to PAH mixtures through diet.
ISSN: 0944-1344

hal-01121865
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01121865
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01121865/document
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01121865/file/Exposures%20of%20zebrafish_accepted.pdf
DOI : 10.1007/s11356-015-4157-8

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : Benzophenone derivatives (BPs) are used as UV filters in many different products. These lipophilic compounds were recently described as ubiquitous contaminant of different compartiments of aquatic systems, including fish. In this study, we evaluated estrogenic activity of ten BPs in a model fish species, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), by combining newly developed in vitro and in vivo models. In vitro, three specific zebrafish reporter gene models expressing zebrafish estrogen receptors (ZfERs) in zebrafish hepatic cell line (ZFL) were used.Estrogenic activity of BPs was quantify in vivo by using a newly developed transgenic zebrafish line that expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the cyp19a1b promoter. The cyp19a1b gene codes for the brain aromatase B that is under the control of estrogens. Vitellogenin (Vtg), a marker of estrogenic compound, was used to assess the potential estrogenic effect of certain BPs in male fish. Five of 10 BPs induced an estrogenic activity on the three models: BP2, THB, BP1, 4BP, while BP and 234 BP were non active. We noted diffrence in BPs ranking depending on the zfER subtypes suggesting ?/? receptor selectivity by certain BPs. By quantifying GFP expression in live zebrafish, we confirm the estrogenic activity of some BP, i.e., BP1, THB, 4BP and 44'BP, as shown by their ability to induce GFP in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the ranking of BPs as a function of their estrogenic activity assay is different between models. For instance, 4BP was the most estrogenic compound in vivo but not in vitro. Differences were also noticed regarding the estrogenic activity of BP2. In vitro, BP2 has strong activity but had no effect on GFP in cyp19a1b-GFP embryo. However, BP2 induced strongly Vtg in male. The lack of estrogenic activity of BP2 in embryo may be related to difference of biodisponibility and/or metabolisation of this compound between embryo and adult fish. Our approach allows to characterize the estrogenic potency of emerging pollutants, using innovative in vitro and in vivo assays within a unique model fish species. The differences observed between assays deserve further studies to characterize the behavior of compounds in the different biological models in term of biodisponibility and metabolism.
1. European Conference on the Replacement, Reduction and Refinement of Animal Experiments in Ecotoxicology
Dübendorf, Switzerland

ineris-00971019
https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-00971019
INERIS : EN-2012-243

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Frontiers Media
Résumé : International audience
Coral reef fisheries support the development of local and national economies and are the basis of important cultural practices and worldviews. Transitioning economies, human development, and environmental stress can harm this livelihood. Here we focus on a transitioning social-ecological system as a case study (Moorea, French Polynesia). We review fishing practices and three decades of effort and landing estimates with the broader goal of informing management. Fishery activities in Moorea are quite challenging to quantify because of the diversity of gears used, the lack of centralized access points or markets, the high participation rates of the population in the fishery, and the overlapping cultural and economic motivations to catch fish. Compounding this challenging diversity, we lack a basic understanding of the complex interplay between the cultural, subsistence, and commercial use of Moorea's reefs. In Moorea, we found an order of magnitude gap between estimates of fishery yield produced by catch monitoring methods (2 t km −2 ∼ year −1) and estimates produced using consumption or participatory socioeconomic consumer surveys (∼24 t km −2 year −1). Several lines of evidence suggest reef resources may be overexploited and stakeholders have a diversity of opinions as to whether trends in the stocks are a cause for concern. The reefs, however, remain ecologically resilient. The relative health of the reef is striking given the socioeconomic context. Moorea has a relatively high population density, a modern economic system linked into global flows of trade and travel, and the fishery has little remaining traditional or customary management. Other islands in the Pacific in similar contexts in Polynesia such as Hawaii, that continue to develop economically, may have small-scale fisheries that increasingly resemble Moorea. Therefore, understanding Moorea's reef fisheries may provide insight into their future.
ISSN: 2296-7745

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
hal-01325804
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01325804
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01325804/document
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01325804/file/fmars-03-00070.pdf
DOI : 10.3389/fmars.2016.00070

Éditeur(s) : Pêche thonière et dispositifs de concentration de poissons, Caribbean-Martinique, 15-19 Oct 1999
Résumé : French Polynesia started it's Fish Aggregating Device programme in June 1981 with the positioning of the first buoy offshore of the main island of Tahiti. Since then, 251 structures have been installed throughout the 5 archipelagoes of this French overseas territory. The shape and size of the devices have evolved 8 times over this period, however, a single model has not yet been adopted. Trials are currently underway using lighter structures similar to those found in the Indian Ocean. The anchoring lines have progressively been modified through better knowledge of material and product availability, as well as better understanding of environmental constraints. The programme is entirely financed by the territorial government and managed by the public sector. This ongoing technical assistance, aimed towards the local small-scale coastal fishery, is considered an important factor to maintaining this activity alive. Up until 1997, this economical support policy of outer island populations far from the metropolis central town, along with incidental fishing methods around FADs, have given mitigated results without nevertheless putting into cause this programme. The use of 'drifting handlines' retained at the surface by small indicator floats are one of the contributing factors to the degradation of the anchor lines. It is now commonly accepted that a new fishing strategy must be adopted so that professional coastal fishermen become more aware with regards to an expensive work tool due to local bathymetric conditions, so that fishing effort is increased through the development of better adapted fishing techniques, and finally so that community spirit rules over individualism.Original Abstract: Le programme d'ancrage de DCP en Polynesie francaise a vu le jour en juin 1981 avec l'implantation d'un premier dispositif au large des cotes de Tahiti. Depuis cette date, ce sont 251 structures qui ont ete installees dans les cinq archipels de ce pays d'outre-mer. La forme et la taille des bouees ont evolue huit fois sans etre definitivement arretees a un seul modele et des essais sur des structures legeres de type " Ocean Indien " sont en cours. Les lignes d'ancrage ont fait l'objet de modifications progressives en raison de meilleures connaissances des produits ainsi que des contraintes du milieu environnant. Ce programme est finance en totalite par le territoire de la Polynesie francaise et gere par le secteur public. Il s'adresse a la pecherie artisanale et cotiere qui considere depuis de nombreuses annees cette assistance technique comme un atout indispensable au maintien de son activite. La politique d'engagement de ce soutien economique jusqu'en 1997 aupres des populations d'iles et atolls tres eloignes de la capitale ainsi que l'incidence de la technique de peche la plus repandue autour des DCP ont abouti a des resultats mitiges sans pour autant remettre en cause ce programme. En effet, les lignes a main derivantes et retenues en surface par une petite bouee temoin sont un des principaux facteurs de degradation des lignes d'ancrage. Il est desormais reconnu par tous les intervenants qu'une nouvelle strategie doit etre deployee afin que les pecheurs cotiers professionnels soient mieux responsabilises face a un outil de travail onereux en raison de la bathymetrie environnante, pour que l'effort de peche soit accru par l'utilisation de techniques de peche mieux adaptees, et enfin que l'esprit communautaire prime sur l'individualisme.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15292/12649.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15292/

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles Études caribéennes
Résumé : La sous-préfecture de Madingo-Kayes est arrosée par le bassin du Kouilou-Niari. Celui-ci constitue une niche écologique d’une grande diversité d’espèces halieutiques. Ces espèces sont recherchées par les populations locales pour leur rôle d’appoint dans la lutte contre l’insécurité alimentaire et leur contribution aux moyens d’existence et aux économies rurales. Le poisson, dont la consommation fournit près de 70 % de protéines animales à Madingo-Kayes, provient essentiellement de la pêche artisanale (avec l’utilisation d’outils rudimentaires tels que la nasse, le filet, la ligne, etc.). La recette mensuelle générée par cette activité oscille entre 250 000 et 500 000 FCF, soit environ un million de FCFA par année. Les principales espèces capturées sont les poissons-chat électriques (Malapterurus electricus), les poissons de la famille des Mormyridae, etc. Elles sont soit consommées sur place, soit écoulées à Pointe-Noire, ville où la demande est très forte.
The sub-prefecture of Madingo-Kayes is watered by the Kouilou-Niari basin. This constitutes an ecological niche of a wide variety of fish species sought by local people for their supporting role in the fight against food insecurity and their contribution to livelihoods and rural economies. Fish consumption in Madingo-Kayes provides nearly 70% of animal protein. The monthly recipe fish production in the district is between 250 000 and 500 000 FCFA. It is estimated an average of one million a year. The fishery is artisanal, with the use of simple tools such as the trap, net, line, etc. The main species of fish are captured electric catfish (Malapterurus electricus), fish of the family Mormyridae, etc. They are either consumed in the localities for food reasons or passed in Pointe-Noire, the city where the fish demand is very strong for mercantile reasons.
Madingo-Kayes
Congo RD

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
urn:doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.10391
http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/10391

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Ecological Society of America
Résumé : Reliable assessment of fish origin is of critical importance for exploited species, since nursery areas must be identified and protected to maintain recruitment to the adult stock. During the last two decades, otolith chemical signatures (or "fingerprints") have been increasingly used as tools to discriminate between coastal habitats. However, correct assessment of fish origin from otolith fingerprints depends on various environmental and methodological parameters, including the choice of the statistical method used to assign fish to unknown origin. Among the available methods of classification, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is the most frequently used, although it assumes data are multivariate normal with homogeneous within-group dispersions, conditions that are not always met by otolith chemical data, even after transformation. Other less constrained classification methods are available, but there is a current lack of comparative analysis in applications to otolith microchemistry. Here, we assessed stock identification accuracy for four classification methods (LDA, Quadratic Discriminant Analysis [QDA], Random Forests [RF], and Artificial Neural Networks [ANN]), through the use of three distinct data sets. In each case, all possible combinations of chemical elements were examined to identify the elements to be used for optimal accuracy in fish assignment to their actual origin. Our study shows that accuracy differs according to the model and the number of elements considered. Best combinations did not include all the elements measured, and it was not possible to define an ad hoc multielement combination for accurate site discrimination. Among all the models tested, RF and ANN performed best, especially for complex data sets (e. g., with numerous fish species and/or chemical elements involved). However, for these data, RF was less time-consuming and more interpretable than ANN, and far more efficient and less demanding in terms of assumptions than LDA or QDA. Therefore, when LDA and QDA assumptions cannot be reached, the use of machine learning methods, such as RF, should be preferred for stock assessment and nursery identification based on otolith microchemistry, especially when data set include multispecific otolith signatures and/or many chemical elements.
ISSN: 1051-0761

hal-00644549
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00644549
DOI : 10.1890/09-1887.1