Résumé : M
Guyane
2
maison Delle Joséphine Lacoste
Cayenne

http://www.manioc.org/esclaves/individu728

Éditeur(s) : Public Library Science
Résumé : Subsurface sediments of the Sonora Margin (Guaymas Basin), located in proximity of active cold seep sites were explored. The taxonomic and functional diversity of bacterial and archaeal communities were investigated from 1 to 10 meters below the seafloor. Microbial community structure and abundance and distribution of dominant populations were assessed using complementary molecular approaches (Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis, 16S rRNA libraries and quantitative PCR with an extensive primers set) and correlated to comprehensive geochemical data. Moreover the metabolic potentials and functional traits of the microbial community were also identified using the GeoChip functional gene microarray and metabolic rates. The active microbial community structure in the Sonora Margin sediments was related to deep subsurface ecosystems (Marine Benthic Groups B and D, Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group, Chloroflexi and Candidate divisions) and remained relatively similar throughout the sediment section, despite defined biogeochemical gradients. However, relative abundances of bacterial and archaeal dominant lineages were significantly correlated with organic carbon quantity and origin. Consistently, metabolic pathways for the degradation and assimilation of this organic carbon as well as genetic potentials for the transformation of detrital organic matters, hydrocarbons and recalcitrant substrates were detected, suggesting that chemoorganotrophic microorganisms may dominate the microbial community of the Sonora Margin subsurface sediments.
Plos One (1932-6203) (Public Library Science), 2014-08 , Vol. 9 , N. 8 , P. e104427

Droits : This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00203/31408/29801.pdf
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0104427
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00203/31408/

Éditeur(s) : Archives nationales d'outre-mer
87MIOM2/3
Maroc

Droits : Reproduction soumise à autorisation des Archives nationales d'outre-mer
http://www.patrimoines-martinique.org/ark:/35569/a011426186902u1vOHY

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Dufrêne

Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Communauté d'agglomération de La Rochelle. Médiathèque Michel-Crépeau
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/MMC16100-11
MMC16100-11

Éditeur(s) : Gauthier-Villars
Résumé : This review addresses the problem of recently introduced plants in the Mediterranean in order to analyse their vectors, the dispersal processes and the possible ecological and economic consequences. Ninety-five cases (94 macroscopic algae and one seagrass) are listed and discussed. Three major routes of access into the Mediterranean are indicated: shipping, the Suez canal and aqua-culture. The recent introduction of Caulerpa taxifolia along our coasts has called attention to a new potential source: aquaria. Among the successful acclimatizations, cold-temperate Pacific and Atlantic species remain confined to the north of the Mediterranean (Gulf of Lions, Adriatic), whereas some tropical or sub-tropical plants colonize large areas. Some introduced algae proliferate to the detriment of the indigenous Mediterranean vegetation. In contrast with some terrestrial introductions, no population crash has been observed in the Mediterranean, although some notable fluctuations seem to occur in coastal lagoons. From an economic point of view, the two activities most affected by this phenomenon are aquaculture and fishing. With the gradual disappearance of European frontiers, the worldwide development of marine cultures and the multiplication of giant Seaworlds, the transfer of live marine organisms will become routine and the risk of new introductions will considerably increase in the Mediterranean. Only international legislation, established by the countries of the littoral, will be able to control these problems.
Oceanologica Acta (0399-1784) (Gauthier-Villars), 1994 , Vol. 17 , N. 1 , P. 1-23

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00098/20879/18493.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00098/20879/

Éditeur(s) : American Geophysical Union
Résumé : [1] A multiproxy integrated chronological framework, based on oxygen and carbon stable isotope stratigraphy, biostratigraphy (foraminifera and nannoplankton bioevents and foraminifer assemblage-based climate cyclicity), magnetostratigraphy, sapropel stratigraphy, and C-14 AMS radiometric dates, has been achieved for borehole PRAD1-2, collected in 185.5 m water depth in the central Adriatic. This work was carried out within the European Community project Profiles across Mediterranean Sedimentary Systems (PROMESS1). The 71.2 m long borehole spans a time interval between late MIS 11 and MIS 1 (the last 370 ka), showing a chronological resolution of 500 and 250 years per cm during interglacial and glacial intervals, respectively. At present, this record is the most expanded and continuous marine record available for the Adriatic Basin. Several orbital cycles can be recognized in the PRAD1-2 record: the 100 ka glacial-interglacial fluctuations and the 23 ka precession-related cycles, which in turn control the deposition of sapropel layers. An integrated analysis of short-term oscillations within the Last Glaciation interval (MIS 4-MIS 2) allowed the identification of the Adriatic signature of Dansgaard-Oeschger events, showing the potential to achieve a more refined chronostratigraphic framework for the top part of the PRAD1-2 record. Finally, the age model obtained by this study allowed the chronological integration of the main foraminifera bioevents detected in the borehole as well as of the volcanoclastic layers present in the upper part of the record. Despite its proximal location, PRAD1-2 presents a continuous record and shows the potential to be consistently correlated both with deep-sea and continental records in the Mediterranean region and beyond.
Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems (1525-2027) (American Geophysical Union), 2008 , Vol. 9 , P. NIL_107-NIL_127

Droits : 2008 American Geophysical Union
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-3605.pdf
DOI:10.1029/2007GC001713
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/3605/

Éditeur(s) : Cayenne : Imprimerie du gouvernement
Résumé : Année 1927
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 20
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Guyane. Bibliothèque Alexandre-Franconie
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/FRA11237
FRA11237

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Comptoir des imprimeurs-unis
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Archives départementales de Guadeloupe
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/HASH0198b3144691043b0b61d538
HASH0198b3144691043b0b61d538

Éditeur(s) : Paris : chez l'auteur Paris : imprimerie Quillau Paris : Mequignon
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 18
Droits : Domaine public
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/MMC16057-1
MMC16057-1

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : Clinoforms on modern shelves and slopes, as well as in ancient rock records, are widely recognized as a fundamental building element of continental margin growth. Regardless of their dominant lithology, clinoforms are composed of three geometric elements: topset, foreset and bottomset. Traditionally, much emphasis in the study of clinoforms was put on the geometry of the topset, viewed as the most energetic portion of a clinoform and studied to discern if aggradation was active rather than erosional truncation, and on the foreset, the area with the highest sediment accumulation rates. Here we focus on the factors forcing clinoforms to taper out and on the inferred mechanisms for bottomset creation. We base our analysis on muddy shelf clinoforms, a particular class of clinoforms that is typical of low-gradient settings and is characterized by a substantial component of shore-parallel sediment transport. This paper is based on a large dataset of CHIRP-sonar profiles, bathymetric and isopach maps of the Late Holocene clinoform on the Adriatic shelf, where integrated stratigraphic studies from sediment cores allow a very high (in some cases century-scale) chronological resolution. Knowledge on the dominant oceanographic regime affecting sediment dispersal and, ultimately, clinoform development, has been recently refined during the EuroSTRATAFORM collaboration. Muddy clinoforms are markedly three-dimensional features that cannot be entirely understood solely on two-dimensional shore normal sections. We suggest that this class of clinoform is advection dominated and that an increase in the energy regime at the toe of the foreset may prevent sediment from reaching beyond the transition to the bottomset region.
Continental Shelf Research (0278-4343) (Elsevier), 2007-02 , Vol. 27 , N. 3-4 , P. 506-525

Droits : 2006 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2409.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.csr.2006.11.013
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/2409/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Society for Range Management
Résumé : Grasslands and agroecosystems occupy one-third of the terrestrial area, but their contribution to the global carbon cycle remains uncertain. We used a set of 316 site-years of CO(2) exchange measurements to quantify gross primary productivity, respiration, and light-response parameters of grasslands, shrublands/savanna, wetlands, and cropland ecosystems worldwide. We analyzed data from 72 global flux-tower sites partitioned into gross photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration with the use of the light-response method (Gilmanov, T. G., D. A. Johnson, and N. Z. Saliendra. 2003. Growing season CO(2) fluxes in a sagebrushsteppe ecosystem in Idaho: Bowen ratio/energy balance measurements and modeling. Basic and Applied Ecology 4:167-183) from the RANGEFLUX and WORLDGRASSAGRIFLUX data sets supplemented by 46 sites from the FLUXNET La Thuile data set partitioned with the use of the temperature-response method (Reichstein, M., E. Falge, D. Baldocchi, D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, P. Berbigier, C. Bernhofer, N. Buchmann, M. Falk, T. Gilmanov, A. Granier, T. Grunwald, K. Havrankova, D. Janous, A. Knohl, T. Laurela, A. Lohila, D. Loustau, G. Matteucci, T. Meyers, F. Miglietta, J.M. Ourcival, D. Perrin, J. Pumpanen, S. Rambal, E. Rotenberg, M. Sanz, J. Tenhunen, G. Seufert, F. Vaccari, T. Vesala, and D. Yakir. 2005. On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm. Global Change Biology 11: 1.424-1439). Maximum values of the quantum yield (alpha = 75 mmol.mol(-1)), photosynthetic capacity (A(max) = 3.4 mg CO(2) . m(-2).s-1), gross photosynthesis (P(g,max) = 1.16 g CO(2) . m(-2).d(-1)), and ecological light-use efficiency (epsilon(ecol) = 59 mmol . mol(-1)) of managed grasslands and high-production croplands exceeded those of most forest ecosystems, indicating the potential of nonforest ecosystems for uptake of atmospheric CO(2). Maximum values of gross primary production (8 600 g CO(2) . m(-2).yr(-1)), total ecosystem respiration (7 900 g CO(2) . m(-2).yr(-1)), and net CO(2) exchange (2 400 g CO(2) . m(-2).yr(-1)) were observed for intensively managed grasslands and high-yield crops, and are comparable to or higher than those for forest ecosystems, excluding some tropical forests. On average, 80% of the nonforest sites were apparent sinks for atmospheric CO(2), with mean net uptake of 700 g CO(2) . m(-2).yr(-1) for intensive grasslands and 933 g CO(2) . m(-2).d(-1) for croplands. However, part of these apparent sinks is accumulated in crops and forage, which are carbon pools that are harvested, transported, and decomposed off site. Therefore, although agricultural fields may be predominantly sinks for atmospheric CO(2), this does not imply that they are necessarily increasing their carbon stock.
ISSN: 1550-7424

hal-01190754
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01190754
DOI : 10.2111/rem-d-09-00072.1
PRODINRA : 214043

Éditeur(s) : Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research
Résumé : Large populations of the living benthic foraminifera Quinqueloculina carinatastriata (Wiesner, 1923) are reported for the first time from intertidal mudflats of the French Atlantic coast (Marennes-Oléron Bay and Ile de Ré). Maximum abundance of living specimens was recorded in early autumn. The species was previously described from the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian Seas (central Mediterranean Sea) and reported from the Eastern Mediterranean and Red Seas, as well as tropical and subtropical regions. A survey of available literature to trace records of the species in muddy shallow habitats along the western coasts of Europe and Africa reveals that the species is unrecorded from the Western Mediterranean Sea and is unknown in the eastern Atlantic Ocean from the Ivory Coast to Denmark, including the British Isles. This supports the hypothesis that the species has been accidentally introduced outside its natural range as a probable result of mariculture trade and/or shipping activities. This is the first report of a successful introduction of a non-indigenous benthic foraminifera to the Atlantic coast of Europe.
The Journal of Foraminiferal Research (0096-1191) (Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research), 2007-07 , Vol. 37 , N. 3 , P. 204-212

Droits : Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2587.pdf
DOI:10.2113/gsjfr.37.3.204
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/2587/

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier Science Bv
Résumé : On the Mediterranean continental shelves the post-glacial transgressive succession is a complex picture composed by seaward progradations, related to sea level stillstands and/or increased sediment supply to the coasts, and minor flooding surfaces, associated to phases of enhanced rates of sea level rise. Among Late Pleistocene examples, major mid-shelf progradations have been related to the short-term climatic reversal of the Younger Dryas event, a period during which the combination of increased sediment supply from rivers and reduced rates of sea level rise promoted the formation of progradations up to tens-meter thick. While the documentation of coastal and subaqueous progradations recording the Younger Dryas interval are widely reported in the literature, the model of compound progradation within transgressive deposits is not proposed so far. Here we present the documentation of a deltaic system where both delta front sands and related fine-grained subaqueous progradations (prodeltaic to shallow marine) have been preserved. The Paleo Gargano Compound Delta (PGCD) formed offshore the modern Gargano Promontory (southern Adriatic Sea), and is composed by a coastal coarse-grained delta of reduced thickness and a muddy subaqueous clinoform, up to 30 meters thick. The PGCD, probably the first worldwide documentation of a compound delta within the transgressive record, provides the opportunity to investigate the processes controlling the formation of a compound delta system during an overall sea level rise and the factors that allowed its preservation. The finding of the PGCD provides the opportunity of a comparison with modern worldwide compound systems.
Marine Geology (0025-3227) (Elsevier Science Bv), 2015-04 , Vol. 362 , P. 43-59

Droits : 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00250/36158/34714.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.margeo.2015.01.010
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00250/36158/

Éditeur(s) : Cayenne : Imprimerie du gouvernement
Résumé : Année 1916
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 20
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Guyane. Bibliothèque Alexandre-Franconie
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/FRA11243
FRA11243

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
In Western Mediterranean, the Rif belt in Morocco is part of the Gibraltar Arc built during the Tertiary in the framework of Eurasia-Africa convergence. The structural and metamorphic evolution of the internal units of this belt as well as their timing, crucial to constrain the geodynamic evolution of the Alboran Sea, is still largely debated.Our study on the Ceuta Peninsula (Northern Rif) provides new structural, petrological and geochronological data (U-Th-Pb, Ar-Ar), which allow to precise the tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Lower Sebtides metamorphic units with:(1) a syn-metamorphic thrusting event developed under granulite facies conditions (7–10 kbar and 780–820 °C). A major thrust zone, the Ceuta Shear Zone, drove the emplacement of metapelites and peridotitic lenses from the Ceuta Upper Unit over the orthogneisses of the Monte Hacho Lower Unit. This compressional event ended during the Upper Oligocene.(2) an extensional event developed at the boundary between amphibolite and greenschist facies conditions (400–550 °C and 1–3 kbar). During this event, the Ceuta Shear Zone has been reactivated as a normal fault. Normal ductile shear zones contributed to the final exhumation of the metamorphic units during the Early Miocene.We propose that the compressional event is related to the formation of an orogenic wedge located in the upper plate, in a backward position, of the subduction zone driving the geodynamic evolution of the Alboran domain. In this context, the episode of lithospheric thinning could be related to the opening of the Alboran basin in a back-arc position.Furthermore, unlike the previous models proposed for the Rif belt, the tectonic coupling between mantle peridotites and crustal metamorphic rocks occurred in Ceuta Peninsula at a depth of 20–30 km under high temperature conditions, before the extensional event, and thus cannot be related to the back-arc extension.
ISSN: 0040-1951

insu-01682810
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01682810
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2017.11.028

Éditeur(s) : Cayenne : Imprimerie du gouvernement
Résumé : Année 1858
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Guyane. Bibliothèque Alexandre-Franconie
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/FRA11253
FRA11253

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Inter-Research
Résumé : International audience
Ecological connectivity is important for effective marine planning and biodiversity conservation. Our aim was to identify factors important in influencing variation in benthic community structure on shallow rocky reefs in 2 regions of the Mediterranean Sea with contrasting oceanographic regimes. We assessed beta (β) diversity at 146 sites in the littoral and shallow sub-littoral from the Adriatic/Ionian Seas (eastern region) and Ligurian/Tyrrhenian Seas (western region) using a null modelling approach to account for variation in species richness. The distance decay relationship between species turnover within each region and geographic distance by sea was determined using generalised linear models. Mantel tests were used to examine correlations between β diversity and connectivity by ocean currents, estimated from Lagrangian dispersal simulations. Variation in β diversity between sites was partitioned according to environmental and spatial components using a distance-based redundancy approach. Species turnover along a gradient of geographic distance was greater by a factor of 3 to 5 in the western region than the eastern region, suggesting lower con-nectivity between sites. β diversity was correlated with connectivity by ocean currents at both depths in the eastern region but not in the western region. The influence of spatial and environmental predictors of β diversity varied considerably between regions, but was similar between depths. Our results highlight the interaction of oceanographic, spatial and environmental processes influencing benthic marine β diversity. Persistent currents in the eastern region may be responsible for lower observed β diversity compared to the western region, where patterns of water circulation are more variable.
Marine Ecology Progress Series

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
hal-01357935
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01357935
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01357935/document
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01357935/file/m553p001.pdf
DOI : 10.3354/meps11783

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Patterns of connectivity and self-recruitment are recognized as key factors shaping the dynamics of marine populations. Connectivity is also essential for maintaining and restoring natural ecological processes with genetic diversity contributing to the adaptation and persistence of any species in the face of global disturbances. Estimates of connectivity are crucial to inform the design of both marine protected areas (MPAs) and MPA networks. Among several approaches, genetic structure is frequently used as a proxy for patterns of connectivity. Using 8 microsatellite loci, we investigated genetic structure of the two-banded sea bream Diplodus vulgaris, a coastal fish that is both commercially and ecologically important. Adults were sampled in 7 locations (stretches of coastline approximately 8 km long) and juveniles in 14 sites (~100 to 200 m of coastline) along 200 km of the Apulian Adriatic coast (SW Adri-atic Sea), within and outside an MPA (Torre Guaceto MPA, Italy). Our study found similar genetic diversity indices for both the MPA and the surrounding fished areas. An overall lack of genetic structure among samples suggests high gene flow (i.e. connectivity) across a scale of at least 200 km. However, some local genetic divergences found in two locations demonstrate some heterogeneity in processes renewing the population along the Apulian Adriatic coast. Furthermore, two sites appeared genetically divergent, reinforcing our observations within the genetic makeup of adults and confirming heterogeneity in early stage genetics that can come from either different supply populations or from chaotic genetic patchiness occurring under temporal variation in recruitment and in the reproductive success. While the specific role of the MPA is not entirely known in this case, these results confirm the presence of regional processes and the key role of connectivity in maintaining the local population supply.
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01442055
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01442055
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01442055/document
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01442055/file/journal.pone.0167441.pdf
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0167441.s009

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Ciliates represent a diversified group of protists known to establish symbioses with prokaryotic microorganisms. They are mainly phagotrophs and symbiotic relationships with bacteria can give them an important advantage in chemosynthetic environments. The aim of this study is to describe the thiotrophic association that occurs between the peritrich ciliate Pseudovorticella sp. and potential sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Investigations at microscopic scale (LM, SEM, TEM) showed ectosymbiotic bacteria covering the surface of the body of Pseudovorticella sp. According to 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis, these ectosymbiotic bacteria belong to-proteobacteria and are phylogenetically close to the symbiont of the recently described Zoothamnium ignavum, which inhabits shallow-water wood falls. FISH experiments, using symbiont specific probes, clearly indicate that these ectosymbiotic bacteria are also ingested into food vacuoles. Electron lucent granules observed in TEM in the cytoplasm of the ectosymbiotic bacteria have been identified as sulfur granules by Raman microspectrometry analyses. Raman microspec-trometry analyses confirmed the thiotrophic nature of this relationship already suggested by the results obtained by TEM and phylogeny. A complete sulfur map was then performed to investigate the sulfur distribution in the zooid. Results show that the relationship between this protist and its bacterial partner is a thiotrophic ectosymbiosis.
ISSN: 0932-4739

hal-01655933
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01655933
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01655933/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01655933/file/GRIMONPREZ_Adrien_sans%20marque.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejop.2017.11.002

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : National audience
Des expériences dans un bassin de 30 m x 30 m ont été réalisées dans l'objectif de caractériser la dynamique d'un courant d'arrachement et les évolutions morphologiques associées. La plage de sable fin (diamètre médian 166 microns) couvrait la largeur du bassin (30 m en longshore ) pour un profil total de 20 m cross-shore . La formation de courants sagittaux a été forcée par une houle frontale (spectre de Jonswap) avec un déficit d'énergie au centre du bassin. Une séquence accrétive complète de plage intermédiaire à simple barre (selon classification de WRIGHT & SHORT, 1984) a été reproduite. La barre s'est progressivement tridimensionnalisée en forme de croissant puis s'est connectée au haut de plage avec la présence de deux chenaux profonds qui se sont ensuite comblés pour obtenir une plage à terrasse au bout de plusieurs dizaines d'heures. L'association des mesures hydrodynamiques et morphodynamiques montre que le comblement des chenaux est alimenté par le haut de plage.
XI èmes Journées Nationales Génie Côtier - Génie Civil
Sables d'Olonne, France

hal-00861953
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00861953