Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles Études caribéennes
Résumé : La récession mondiale de la fin de la décennie 2000 n’épargne pas les pays de la Caraïbe. Si les manifestations économiques de cette crise sont identiques, l’étude menée dans les agglomérations de Pointe-à-Pitre et de Roseau montre que la perception et les réponses des populations face à cet évènement varient, d’un territoire à l’autre, selon le statut politique et le niveau de vie. Dans les Antilles françaises, la réaction a été de rechercher un responsable, en l’occurrence l’État ; tandis que dans l’île indépendante de la Dominique, de manière pragmatique, les populations cherchent collectivement des alternatives.
The global recession at the end of the 2000s did not spare the Caribbean countries. If the economic events of this crisis are the same, the study conducted in urban areas of Pointe-à-Pitre, and Roseau shows that the perception and the responses of people facing this event vary from one jurisdiction to another, depending on the political status and living standards. In the French Antilles, the reaction was to seek a responsible, namely the state, while the independent island of Dominica, in a pragmatic way, people collectively seek alternatives.
Dominique
Guadeloupe
Pointe-à-Pitre
Roseau

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
urn:doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.4909
http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/4909

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : LA-ICP-MS and SIMS U–Pb analyses have been performed on detrital zircon grains from four heavy mineral rich metasediments collected at different levels of the Nathorst Land Group (Eleonore Bay Supergroup, Greenland). Zircons from high-grade samples collected in the sillimanite and migmatite zones exhibit modifications to their structure, which are lacking in grains from a low-grade sample (0.3 GPa and 350–400 °C). In the sillimanite zone (0.5 GPa, 650 °C), thin discontinuous rims (<20 μm) plating detrital zircon grains document a metamorphic overgrowth during the Caledonian event dated at 428 ± 25 Ma (2σ). In the migmatite zone (0.4 GPa, 700 °C), zircons underwent severe recrystallisation processes but no new zircon growth. Ilmenite, which constitutes over 50% of the heavy mineral layers, underwent recrystallisation in both high-grade samples and is likely to represent the main source of Zr available for growth of zircon rims in the sillimanite zone. However, in the migmatite zone sample, the metamorphic conditions allowed titanite overgrowth around ilmenite, which acted as a sink for Zr and inhibited new zircon growth. 207Pb/206Pb ages for 152 detrital zircons broadly range between 2800 and 990 Ma. The detrital zircon age signature is characterized by the large predominance of late Paleoproterozoic (1.85–1.60 Ga) grains in all analysed samples and by lesser amounts of Archean (2.7–2.8 Ga) and Mesoproterozoic (1.2–1.0 Ga) zircons. The overall age range indicates that detritus can be sourced from the Labradorian and Makkovikian provinces of northeastern Laurentia. The youngest grain analysed (987 ± 18 Ma) indicates that deposition took place during the Neoproterozoic, in a post-Grenvillian sedimentary environment and was likely coeval with the Mid-Neoproterozoic episode of aborted rifting that affected the eastern margin of Laurentia. The lack of detritus originating from Amazonia or Baltica, placed adjacent to Laurentia during the early stages of Rodinia fragmentation, suggests that these two continental landmasses did not constitute a topographic high during the Neoproterozoic or that the Mid-Neoproterozoic rifting opened toward an open ocean to the north of a combined Laurentia/Baltica, thus resulting in a general south to north direction of transport of the sediments.
ISSN: 0301-9268

hal-00407204
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00407204
DOI : 10.1016/j.precamres.2007.01.002

Éditeur(s) : London : Smith, Elder
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Ville de Pointe-à-Pitre. Réseau des bibliothèques
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/PAP11090
PAP11090

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Sidestone Press
Résumé : International audience
Les habitations-plantations constituent le creuset historique et symbolique où fut fondu l'alliage original que sont les cultures antillaises. Elles sont le berceau des sociétés créoles contemporaines qui y ont puisé tant leur forte parenté que leur diversité. Leur étude a été précocement le terrain de prédilection des historiens. Les archéologues antillanistes se consacraient alors plus volontiers à l'étude des sociétés précolombiennes. Ainsi, en dehors des travaux pionniers de J. Handler et F. Lange à la Barbade, c'est surtout depuis la fin des années 1980 qu'un véritable développement de l'archéologie des habitations-plantations antillaises a pu être observé. Les questions pouvant être traitées par l'archéologie des habitations-plantations sont extrêmement riches et multiples et ne sauraient être épuisées par la publication d'un unique ouvrage. Les différents chapitres qui composent ce livre dirigé par K. Kelly et B. Bérard n'ont pas vocation à tendre à l'exhaustivité. Ils nous semblent, par contre, être représentatifs, par la variété des questions abordée et la diversité des angles d'approche, de la dynamique actuelle de ce champ de la recherche. Cette diversité est évidemment liée à celle des espaces concernés: les habitations-plantations de cinq îles des Petites Antilles : Antigua, la Guadeloupe, la Dominique, la Martinique et la Barbade sont ici étudiées. Elle est aussi, au sein d'un même espace, due à la cohabitation de différentes pratiques universitaires. Nous espérons que cet ouvrage, tout en diffusant une information jusqu'à présent trop dispersée, sera le point de départ de nouveaux travaux. Ce développement de la recherche est une nécessité scientifique mais aussi sociale pour les populations antillaises. L'archéologie historique est une voie d'accès privilégiée aux interstices de l'histoire coloniale (contact précoloniaux, commerce interlope, marronnage physique et moral, nécessaires concessions fruits de la négociation permanente entre la norme coloniale et réalité quotidienne, etc.). En fouillant la terre antillaise, les archéologues ne peuvent que conter la quotidienneté de la vie au sein de l'archipel. Or c'est aussi (beaucoup ?) de ces interstices, s'inscrivant le plus souvent dans des échelles micro-locales, locales ou régionales, qu'ont émergé les cultures antillaises.
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00973942

ISBN : 9789088901942
hal-00973942
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00973942

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Realized in French Polynesia among 274 patients with elephantiasis, this survey studied the microfilaremia, the eosinophily, the immunoglobulin titers and the antifilarian antibodies (done by passive hemagglutination) for Wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica. Patients with elephantiasis seldom have circulating microfilariae in their blood. Hypereosinophily is frequent but rarely high. It is similar to the one patients with microfilaremia. There is a trend towards neutropenia during lymphangitic crisis that occur on an elephantiasis limb. The IgE titer is clearly increased, the IgG one is lesser elevated. The mean values are identical to those encoutered among microfilariae asymptomatic cariers. On the other hand the serodiagnosis is more frequently positive among elephantiasic patients.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales

hal-00715424
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00715424
PUBMED : 385164

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Maisonneuve et cie
Extrait de : Mémoires et documents pour servir à l'histoire des origines françaises des pays d'outre-mer pointvirgule Tome quatrième
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 17
Provenance : Université Caen Normandie. Service commun de la documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/CAE19074_4
CAE19074_4

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
This work presents a synthesis of the present-day knowledge on both emerged and submerged carbonate platforms of the Guadeloupe archipelago. Onshore and offshore data acquired during the KaShallow project are presented. Since the early Zanclean, some isolated platforms developed onto a Jurassic to Tortonian basement which displayed reliefs inherited from a major extensional tectonic episode dated from −8 to −5 Ma. Marie-Galante, Grande Terre and the southern shelf of Grande-Terre show strong similarities with Zanclean to Gelasian red-algal facies upward changing into early Calabrian coral facies. A major erosional unconformity (SB2) was recognized and allows to distinguish two early Calabrian formations (Calcaires à Agaricia Formation and Calcaires à Acropora Formation). The final emersion of these platforms is late Calabrian. The La Désirade platform displays Zanclean to early Piacenzian red-algal facies upward changing into coral facies. This platform emerged as soon as in the late Piacenzian. The island subsided again in relation with later extensional tectonic episode and early Calabrian reef platform then unconformably deposited. The Colombie bank deposits comprise Pliocene basinal deposits overlain by late Calabrian coral reefs. The Flandre bank might have emerged synchronously with La Désirade but was drowned only in the late Pleistocene-Holocene interval. Four extensional tectonic episodes have been identified in the late Miocene-Recent interval. Their effects depend on the location of the platforms within the fore-arc.
Bulletin Société Géologique de France

insu-00816463
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00816463
DOI : 10.2113/gssgfbull.184.1-2.99

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France special issue "Caribbean Geosciences"

hal-00707500
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00707500
DOI : 10.2113/gssgfbull.184.1-2.61

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The INTERREG Caribbean IV program recommends the valorization and protection of the region's environmental core, through collaborative and sustainable management of resources. It uses Martinique as the test case. The French territories of Saint-Martin, Saint-Barthélemy, Guadeloupe, and Martinique, and the member states of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States are part of a geographic continuum that can easily be identified through its similar landscapes, climates, and natural resources and also through the environmental degradation the states have to face, caused by human activity (pollution and deterioration of ecosystems and habitats), natural hazards, and climate change including sea level rise. Therefore the islands of the Lesser Antilles are faced with an important developmental and environmental challenge, which could be easily summarized as a struggle for balance.
Meteorological Technology International

ird-00742661
http://hal.ird.fr/ird-00742661
http://hal.ird.fr/ird-00742661/document
IRD : fdi:010057442

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Société des américanistes
Résumé : International audience
A large set of historical documents give us descriptions of Antillean Amerindian boats. These texts constitute a continuous series from the time of first contact to sub-contemporaneous anthropological descriptions. This paper is based on extensive review of the data contained in those early Spanish, Dutch, English, and French sources and also on a review of the few direct archaeological evidences. In this way we tried to analyse not only the nature of the relationship that existed between Antillean Amerindians and the sea but also to obtain an accurate description of their different boat types. Finally we have reconstituted the building process chaîne opératoire of the Kanawa, which were the boat type specifically designed and preferentially used for over-sea navigations.
Nous disposons d'un très grand nombre de descriptions historiques des embarcations amérindiennes antillaises. Ces textes constituent une série continue allant du récit des premiers moments aux études ethnologiques sub-contemporaines. Cet article s'appuie sur une recension d'une ampleur inédite des informations contenues dans ces sources espagnoles, hollandaises, anglaises et françaises précoces ainsi que sur les quelques données archéologiques directes disponibles. Nous avons par ce biais tenté de dégager la nature du rapport entretenu par les populations amérindiennes des Antilles avec l'élément marin, mais aussi d'obtenir la description la plus précise possible des différentes embarcations constituant leur flotte et enfin d'établir la chaîne opératoire de construction des kanawa l'un de ces navires spécifiquement conçu et préférentiellement utilisé pour la navigation en haute mer.
ISSN: 0037-9174

hal-01671136
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01671136
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01671136/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01671136/file/JSA102_1_15_art_berard1.pdf
DOI : 10.4000/jsa.14688

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union
Résumé : International audience
Natural Hazards and Earth System Science

hal-01676563
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01676563

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union
Résumé : International audience
The 1867 Virgin Island Tsunami reached large magnitude on the coasts of the Caribbean Islands. A maximum tsunami height of 10 m was reported for two coastal locations (Deshaies and Sainte-Rose) in Guadeloupe. Modelling of the 1867 tsunami is performed in the framework of the nonlinear shallow-water theory. The directivity of the tsunami wave source in the Caribbean Sea according to the assumed initial waveform is investigated. The tsunami records at the several coastal regions in the Lesser Antilles, Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico and South America are simulated. The comparison between the computed and observed data is in reasonable agreement.
Natural Hazards and Earth System Science

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
hal-00330900
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330900
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330900/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330900/file/nhess-3-367-2003.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD EDP Sciences
Résumé : International audience
In order to ensure a sustainable management of reef fisheries, data need to be collected regularly on the effect of these fisheries on both fish resources and the ecosystems that sustain them. Habitat and resources monitoring programs can provide such information, but are difficult to implement as they involve a range of technical, financial and human resources. Regarding these problems, the involvement of the local population in monitoring programs, called participatory monitoring, seems to offer solutions. Indeed, participatory monitoring has the potential of increasing the number of data collected at low cost, while taking advantage of the traditional ecological knowledge available locally. Some questions need clarifying, however: which methods can bring relevant information for the monitoring of reef fisheries while being appropriate to the motivations and skills of the local population? Is the degree of participation of the local population sufficient to make the monitoring program work, particularly over the long term? To answer these questions, participatory monitoring methods commonly used for coral reef ecosystems have been implemented to assess reef fisheries at three different sites: Moorea island and Tikehau atoll in French Polynesia, and the Bay of Tulear in Madagascar. While highlighting the relevance of some participatory monitoring programs for snapshot and large-scale surveys, the results of this study also show their lesser interest for regular data gathering on long-time scales. In any case, strong coordination and supervision by scientists are considered essential.
La gestion durable des écosystèmes coralliens nécessite de disposer d’informations régulières concernant l’impact des pêcheries sur les ressources récifales et sur les écosystèmes dont elles dépendent. Les suivis intégrés des ressources, des habitats et des espèces associées qui visent à fournir ce type d’informations sont difficiles à mettre en œuvre, car ils impliquent de nombreuses ressources humaines, techniques et financières. Face à ces problèmes, la participation de la société civile dans les programmes de suivi semble en mesure d’apporter des solutions. Dans le but de tester cette hypothèse, des méthodes de suivi participatif ont été mises en œuvre afin de caractériser des pêcheries récifales sur trois socio-écosystèmes contrastés : l’île de Moorea et l’atoll de Tikehau en Polynésie française, et le littoral de Tuléar à Madagascar. Les résultats de cette étude soulignent la pertinence de certains suivis participatifs pour fournir une vision écosystémique dans le cas de collecte de données ponctuelles et de large envergure, et leur intérêt moindre pour la collecte continue de données sur de longues échelles de temps. Dans tous les cas, une structure de coordination et l’implication de scientifiques s’avèrent primordiales pour assurer pérennité et fiabilité au système de suivi.
ISSN: 1240-1307

hal-01302983
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01302983
DOI : 10.1051/nss/2013109

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé :  
The high spatial variability of soil respiration in tropical rainforests is well evaluated, but influences of biotic factors are not clearly understood. This study underlines the influence of tree species characteristics on soil respiration across a 16-monospecific plot design in a tropical plantation of French Guiana. A large variability of soil CO2 fluxes was observed among plots (i.e. 2.8 to 6.8 μmol m−2 s −1 ) with the ranking being constant across seasons. There were no significant relationships between soil respiration and soil moisture or soil temperature, neither spatially, nor seasonally. The variability of soil respiration was mainly explained by quantitative factors such as leaf litterfall and basal area. Surprisingly, no significant relationship was observed between soil respiration and root biomass. However, the influence of substrate quality was revealed by a strong relationship between soil respiration and litterfall P (and litterfall N, to a lesser extent).
ISSN: 0032-079X

hal-01032069
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032069
DOI : 10.1007/s11104-008-9866-z

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
At the Land-Sea interface, the mangrove forests represent unique but very threatened ecosystems. In the tropical island systems as to the biosphere scale, the mangrove forests and related biocenoses are relevant anthropization markers. The pressures and the direct and indirect damage are also multiple and varied. Generally, the coastal ecosystems of the French West Indies are in constant evolution. The effect of natural factors is increased by human activities. In these small, densely populated and urbanized areas, the mangrove forests are part of the last unoccupied areas. Faced with growing development needs, they represent an area to use, exploit and impact. The human footprint is high and sometimes it has irreversible consequences. The human impact mainly translates into the erosion of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Facing these imbalances, the study of the mangrove ecosystem using conservation ecology stands as an essential approach for the preservation of Martinique’s coastal ecosystems.
ISSN: 2277-8322

hal-01393660
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01393660

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : 1. Niche theory proposes that species differences underlie both coexistence within communities and the differentiation in species composition among communities via limiting similarity and environmental filtering. However, it has been difficult to extend niche theory to species-rich communities because of the empirical challenge of quantifying niches for many species. This has motivated the development of functional and phylogeny-based approaches in community ecology, which represent two different means of approximating niche attributes. 2. Here, we assess the utility of plant functional traits and phylogenetic relationships in predicting community assembly processes using the largest trait and phylogenetic data base to date for any set of species-rich communities. 3. We measured 17 functional traits for all 4672 individuals of 668 tree species co-occurring in nine tropical rain forest plots in French Guiana. Trait variation was summarized into two ordination axes that reflect species niche overlap. 4. We also generated a dated molecular phylogenetic tree based on DNA sequencing of two plastid loci (rbcL and matK) comprising 97% of the individuals and 91% of the species in the plots. 5. We found that, on average, co-occurring species had greater functional and, to a lesser extent, phylogenetic similarity than expected by chance. 6. We also found that functional traits and their ordination loadings showed significant, albeit weak, phylogenetic signal, suggesting that phylogenetic distance provides pertinent information on niche overlap in tropical tree communities. 7. Synthesis. We provide the most comprehensive examination to date of the relative importance of environmental filtering and limiting similarity in structuring tropical tree communities. Our results confirm that environmental filtering is the overriding influence on community assembly in these species-rich systems.
ISSN: 0141-6707

hal-01032423
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032423
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2012.01966.x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Properly assessing the extent and magnitude of fault ruptures associated with large earthquakes is critical for understanding fault behavior and associated hazard. Submarine faults can trigger tsunamis, whose characteristics are defined by the geometry of seafloor displacement, studied primarily through indirect observations (e.g., seismic event parameters, seismic profiles, shipboard bathymetry, coring) rather than direct ones. Using deep-sea vehicles, we identify for the first time a marker of coseismic slip on a submarine fault plane along the Roseau Fault (Lesser Antilles), and measure its vertical displacement of ∼0.9 m in situ. We also map recent fissuring and faulting of sediments on the hangingwall, along ∼3 km of rupture in close proximity to the fault's base, and document the reactivation of erosion and sedimentation within and downslope of the scarp. These deformation structures were caused by the 2004 M w 6.3 Les Saintes earthquake, which triggered a subsequent tsunami. Their characterization informs estimates of earthquake recurrence on this fault and provides new constraints on the geometry of fault rupture, which is both shorter and displays locally larger coseismic displacements than available model predictions that lack field constraints. This methodology of detailed field observations coupled with near-bottom geophysical surveying can be readily applied to numerous submarine fault systems, and should prove useful in evaluating seismic and tsunamigenic hazard in all geodynamic contexts.
ISSN: 0012-821X

insu-01557932
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01557932
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01557932/document
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01557932/file/EPSL-2006-escartin.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.06.024

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Tropical islands are characterized by thermal and orographical forcings which may generate microscale air mass circulations. The Lesser Antilles Arc includes small tropical islands (width lower than 50 km) where a total of one-and-a-half million people live. Air quality over this region is affected by anthropogenic and volcanic emissions, or saharan dust. To reduce risks for the population health, the atmospheric dispersion of emitted pollutants must be predicted. In this study, the dispersion of anthropogenic nitrogen oxides (NOx) is numerically modelled over the densely populated area of the Guadeloupe archipelago under weak trade winds, during a typical case of severe pollution. The main goal is to analyze how microscale resolutions affect air pollution in a small tropical island. Three resolutions of domain grid are selected: 1 km, 333 m and 111 m. The Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) is used to produce real nested microscale meteorological fields. Then the weather outputs initialize the Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model (FLEXPART). The forward simulations of a power plant plume showed good ability to reproduce nocturnal peaks recorded by an urban air quality station. The increase in resolution resulted in an improvement of model sensitivity. The nesting to subkilometer grids helped to reduce an overestimation bias mainly because the LES domains better simulate the turbulent motions governing nocturnal flows. For peaks observed at two air quality stations, the backward sensitivity outputs identified realistic sources of NOx in the area. The increase in resolution produced a sharper inverse plume with a more accurate source area. This study showed the first application of the FLEXPART-WRF model to microscale resolutions. Overall, the coupling model WRF-LES-FLEXPART is useful to simulate the pollutant dispersion during a real case of calm wind regime over a complex terrain area. The forward and backward simulation results showed clearly that the subkilometer resolution of 333 m is necessary to reproduce realistic air pollution patterns in this case of short-range transport over a complex terrain area. Globally, this work contributes to enrich the sparsely documented domain of real nested microscale air pollution modelling. This study dealing with the determination of the proper resolution grid and proper turbulence scheme, is of significant interest to the near-source and complex terrain air quality research community.
ISSN: 1352-2310

hal-01349208
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01349208
DOI : 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.05.028

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Ecological Society of America
Résumé : We investigated the relationship between habitat association and physiological performance in four congeneric species pairs exhibiting contrasting distributions between seasonally flooded and terra firme habitats in lowland tropical rain forests of French Guiana, including Virola and Iryanthera (Myristicaceae), Symphonia (Clusiaceae), and Eperua (Caesalpiniaceae). We analyzed 10-year data sets of mapped and measured saplings (stems 150 cm in height and <10 cm diameter at breast height [dbh]) and trees (stems 10 cm dbh) across 37.5 ha of permanent plots covering a 300-ha zone, within which seasonally flooded areas (where the water table never descends below 1 m) have been mapped. Additionally, we tested the response of growth, survival, and leaf functional traits of these species to drought and flood stress in a controlled experiment. We tested for habitat preference using a modification of the torus translation method. Strong contrasting associations of the species pairs of Iryanthera, Virola, and Symphonia were observed at the sapling stage, and these associations strengthened for the tree stage. Neither species of Eperua was significantly associated with flooded habitats at the sapling stage, but E. falcata was significantly and positively associated with flooded forests at the tree stage, and trees of E. grandiflora were found almost exclusively in nonflooded habitats. Differential performance provided limited explanatory support for the observed habitat associations, with only congeners of Iryanthera exhibiting divergent sapling survival and tree growth. Seedlings of species associated with flooded forest tended to have higher photosynthetic capacity than their congeners at field capacity. In addition, they tended to have the largest reductions in leaf gas exchange and growth rate in response to experimental drought stress and the least reductions in response to experimental inundation. The corroboration of habitat association with differences in functional traits and, to a lesser extent, measures of performance provides an explanation for the regional coexistence of these species pairs. We suggest that specialization to seasonally flooded habitats may explain patterns of adaptive radiation in many tropical tree genera and thereby provide a substantial contribution to regional tree diversity.
ISSN: 0012-9658

hal-01031746
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01031746

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) and hemoglobin SC (HbSC) disease are the two most common forms of sickle cell disease (SCD), a frequent hemoglobinopathy which exhibits a highly variable clinical course. Although high levels of microparticles (MPs) have been consistently reported in SCA and evidence of their harmful impact on the SCA complication occurrences have been provided, no data on MP pattern in HbSC patients has been reported so far. In this study, we determined and compared the MP patterns of 84 HbSC and 96 SCA children, all at steady-state, using flow cytometry. Most of circulating MPs were derived from platelets (PLTs) and red blood cells (RBCs) in the two SCD syndromes. Moreover, we showed that HbSC patients exhibited lower blood concentration of total MPs compared to SCA patients, resulting mainly from a decrease of MP levels originated from RBCs and to a lesser extent from PLTs. We did not detect any association between blood MP concentrations and the occurrence of painful vaso-occlusive crises, acute chest syndrome and pulmonary hyper-tension in both patient groups. We also demonstrated for the first time, that whatever the considered genotype, RBC-derived MPs exhibited higher externalized phosphatidylserine level and were larger than PLT-derived MPs.
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01668322
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01668322
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01668322/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01668322/file/journal.pone.0177397.pdf
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0177397