Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Peel splitting is a major physiological disorder affecting post-harvest banana quality. This phenomenon occurs only 3-6 days after ripening induction in specific cultivars such as cv. 925 when stored in saturating humidity conditions. In these conditions, Cavendish cultivars (Grande Naine, cv. GN) are not susceptible to splitting. Cvs. 925 and GN were thus investigated to detect possible determinants associated with splitting. Splitting intensity was tentatively found to be associated with an inverse water flux at high relative humidity (RH) through an osmotic peel to pulp water flux resulting from the higher sugar content in the pulp than in the peel. Rheological properties were measured, and although the peel resistance and elasticity in cv. 925 were surprisingly higher than in cv. GN, saturating humidity conditions (100 % RH) substantially reduced the peel resistance. However, the peel epicuticular wax in cv. 925 was clearly thinner than that in cv. GN, thus leading to limitation of peel hydration in cv. GN. Peel splitting in cv. 925 was also associated with a boost in respiration, an increase in oxidative stress markers (H2O2), resulting in an increase in cellular damage markers (MDA, PEL). Overall, our results suggest that peel splitting at high RH in cv. 925 is related to fast decrease peel water content and the induction of high oxidative stress damage.
ISSN: 0137-5881

hal-01545907
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01545907
DOI : 10.1007/s11738-016-2253-0

Résumé : Árbol de tamaño mediano de hasta 6 m, copa redonda; ramas con espinas delgadas, flexibles, ocasionalmente ausentes. Hojas ampliamente elípticas de 6 a 11 cm de largo con el ápice obtuso o agudo, base cuneada a redondeada. Flores solitarias o en racimos cortos, blancas, aromáticas. Fruto globoso u oval, con 10 a 13 segmentos, pulpa amarillenta, dulce.
Arbre de taille moyenne pouvant atteindre 6 m, cime arrondie; branches avec épines fines, souples, parfois absentes. Feuilles très elliptiques de 6 à 11 cm de longueur avec une pointe obtuse ou aiguë, base rhomboïdale ou arrondie. Fleurs solitaires ou en grappes courtes, blanches, aromatiques. Fruit rond ou ovale, avec 10 à 13 segments, pulpe jaunâtre, sucrée.
Tree 6 -12 m tall with spines. Leaves ovate or oval-elliptic 5-15 cm x 2-8 cm, glabrous dark green above, margins serrate, petiole narrowly winged and articulate; flowers axillary, born single or in small racemes, 2-3cm in diameter, white, aromatic; fruit subglobose or oval, 4-12 cm in diameter, peel thick, ripening orange colour but often remaining green in the tropics, pulp sweet and juicy, seeds nil to many obovoid.
Nativa de Asia, ampliamente cultivada en regiones tropicales y subtropicales.
Originaire d’;Asie, cultivée dans de vastes régions tropicales et subtropicales.
Native to Asia, widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions.

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant136

Éditeur(s) : Gauthier-Villars
Résumé : During Leg 66 eight sites were drilled to form a transect across the Middle America Trench off southwestern Mexico. Cores from these sites show that accretion began approximately 10 MY ago and has continued to the present. Accretion began with offscraping followed by a 2- to 4- MY episode of folding and faulting with uplift rates of 400-500 m/MY; uplift then slowed to 100-200 m/MY, and seismically resolved deformation ceased as the wedge appeared to rise evenly. Approximately 33% of the sediment flux input into the subduction zone, mainly trench sand and slump deposits, is scraped off and incorporated into the toe of the lower slope; an additional 33% is initially subducted but then peeled off to underplate the accretionary wedge; the remaining 33% is subducted landward beneath the overhanging lip of continental crust. Although we find no direct evidence of tectonic erosion, the large amount of sediment subducted makes tectonic erosion feasible.
Oceanologica Acta, Special issue (0399-1784) (Gauthier-Villars), 1981

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00245/35668/34176.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00245/35668/

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
There are several onlookers in this cobblestone street. A vender walks with his horse, which is used to carry his wares. The buildings in this area are visibly old and peeling, and there is a man on horseback in the distance.
Cuba -- Caribbean region -- Trinidad

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
Sheet 84: 19
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/CA01200465/00001

Résumé : Arbol de hasta 6 m de alto con copa redonda, espinas largas y más bien flexibles. Hojas de 7 a 10 cm, agudas a acuminadas; pecíolo anchamente alado. Flores axilares de tamaño mediano, blancas. Fruto de 7 a 8 cm de diámetro, globoso, algo aplanado en el ápice, con 10 a 12 segmentos; pulpa ácida.
Arbre pouvant atteindre 6 m de haut, à cime arrondie, avec des épines longues et plutôt souples. Feuilles de 7 à 10 cm, aiguës à acuminées; pétiole en forme d’aile prononcée. Fleurs axillaires de taille moyenne, blanches. Fruit de 7 à 8 cm de diamètre, de forme arrondie, un peu aplati au sommet, avec 10 à 12 segments; pulpe acide.
Tree, up to 10 m tall with slender thorns. Leaf blade 7-20 cm x 7 cm; widely winged petiole; flowers axillary, white 4 cm; fruit, globose, 7-8 cm in diameter, somewhat flat at the top, peel thick, rough and strongly aromatic, pulp acidic and bitter, seeds numerous.
Nativa de Asia, cultivada en regiones tropicales y subtropicales.
Originaire d’Asie, cultivée dans des régions tropicales et subtropicales.
Native to Asia, cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions.

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant133

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD De Gruyter
Résumé : International audience
The data available in the literature concerning wood cutting forces permit to build models or to simulate the main wood machining processes (milling, sawing, peeling etc.). This approach contributes to a better understanding of formation of wood surfaces and chips and the data may be helpful to optimize cutting geometry, reduce tool wear, improve tool material, and to size tool-machines. The models may also be useful for industrial application in two ways: (1) providing data to optimise the settings for a given operation (batch approach) and (2) building predictive models that could be the basis of an online control systems for the machining processes (interactive approach). A prerequisite for this is that numerous machining tests on different wood materials are performed based on experiences with different kind of tools and experimental devices. With potential industrial applications in focus, the emphasis of this review was on the wood peeling process, which is a very demanding special case of wood cutting. Though not so many industrial machines are equipped with expensive force sensors, there is a lot of high quality information available about cutting forces which may be useful to improve the scientific or technologic knowledge in wood machining. Alternative parameters, such as vibration or sound measurements, appear to be promising substitutes in the praxis, particularly to feed online control systems of any wood cutting process.
ISSN: 0018-3830

hal-00876003
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00876003
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00876003/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00876003/file/LABOMAP_Holzforschung_2009_denaud.pdf
ENSAM : http://hdl.handle.net/10985/7419

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD De Gruyter
Résumé : COST Action E35 : Fracture mechanics and micromechanics of wood and wood composites with regard to wood machining
The data available in the literature concerning wood cutting forces permits to build models or to simulate the main wood machining processes ( milling, sawing, peeling, etc.). This approach contributes to a better understanding of formation of wood surfaces and chips and the data may be helpful to optimise cutting geometry, reduce tool wear, improve tool material, and to size tool-machines. The models may also be useful for industrial application in two ways: ( 1) providing data to optimise the settings for a given operation ( batch approach), and ( 2) building predictive models that could be the basis of an online control system for the machining processes ( interactive approach). A prerequisite for this is that numerous machining tests on different wood materials are performed based on experiences with different kind of tools and experimental devices. With a focus on potential industrial applications, the emphasis of this review was on the wood peeling process, which is a very demanding special case of wood cutting. Although not so many industrial machines are equipped with expensive force sensors, there is a lot of high quality information available about cutting forces which may be useful to improve the scientific or technological knowledge in wood machining. Alternative parameters, such as vibration or sound measurements, appear to be promising substitutes in the praxis, particularly to feed online control systems of any wood cutting process.
ISSN: 0018-3830

hal-01032121
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032121
DOI : 10.1515/HF.2009.014

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD MDPI
Résumé : International audience
The decline in children's Blood Lead Levels (BLL) raises questions about the ability of current lead poisoning screening criteria to identify those children most exposed. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the performance of current screening criteria in identifying children with blood lead levels higher than 50 µg/L in France, and to propose new criteria. Data from a national French survey, conducted among 3831 children aged 6 months to 6 years in 2008-2009 were used. The sensitivity and specificity of the current criteria in predicting blood lead levels higher than or equal to 50 µg/L were evaluated. Two predictive models of BLL above 44 µg/L (for lack of sufficient sample size at 50 µg/L) were built: the first using current criteria, and the second using newly identified risk factors. For each model, performance was studied by calculating the area under the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve. The sensitivity of current criteria for detecting BLL higher than or equal to 50 µg/L was 0.51 (0.26; 0.75) and specificity was 0.66 (0.62; 0.70). The new model included the following criteria: foreign child newly arrived in France, mother born abroad, consumption of tap water in the presence of lead pipes, pre-1949 housing, period of construction of housing unknown, presence of peeling paint, parental smoking at home, occupancy rates for housing and child's address in a cadastral municipality or census block comprising more than 6% of housing that is potentially unfit and built pre-1949. The area under the ROC curve was 0.86 for the new model, versus 0.76 for the current one. The lead poisoning screening criteria should be updated. The risk of industrial, occupational and hobby-related exposure could not be assessed in this study, but should be kept as screening criteria
ISSN: 1660-4601

hal-01239804
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01239804
DOI : 10.3390/ijerph121214989
PUBMED : 26633457

Résumé : Arbol o arbusto de hasta 10 m de alto, de corteza escamosa. Hojas opuestas, corto-pecioladas, elípticas a oblongas, subcoriáceas, nervaduras conspicuamente impresas en el haz, prominentes en el envés. Flores blancas solitarias o en grupos de 2 a 3, en pedúnculos delgados; estambres numerosos. Fruto comestible, globoso o piriforme, amarillo, de 3 a 6 cm de diámetro.
Arbre ou arbuste pouvant atteindre 10 m de haut, écorce squameuse. Feuilles opposées à court pétiole, elliptiques à oblongues, subcoriaces, avec nervures visiblement imprimées sur la partie supérieure, proéminentes sur l’inférieure. Fleurs blanches, solitaires ou en groupes de 2 à 3, sur fins pédoncules; nombreuses étamines. Fruit comestible, arrondi ou piriforme, jaune, de 3 à 6 cm de diamètre.
Shrub or tree up to 10 m high, bark peeling in large, smooth, thin, flakes. Leaves, opposite in pairs, elliptic or oblong, obtuse at tip, cuneate at base, blades 7-14 x 2.5-5 cm hairy beneath and transparent dots; flower usually solitary, petals white, stamens numerous; fruit highly aromatic and edible, a globose or pear-shaped berry, 2-6 cm in diameter, ripening yellow with yellow or pinkish flesh surrounding numerous hard seeds.
Originaria de América tropical, naturalizada en regiones tropicales y subtropicales del viejo mundo.
Originaire d’;Amérique tropicale, naturalisée dans les régions tropicales et subtropicales de l’;Ancien Monde.
Native to tropical America

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant256

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Montpellier : CIRAD
Résumé :  
Influence de la température sur le comportement mécanique du bois vert: application à l'étuvage d'essences guyanaises en vue du déroulage. Des essais mécaniques dans les directions orthogonales à la fibre et des essais de déroulage ont été menés en parallèle sur 10 essences guyanaises, de densité variant de 0,27 à 1,18, et à 12 températures croissant de 25 à 80 °C. L'influence de la densité et de la température sont très fortes et souvent couplées. Les essais mécaniques peuvent être utilisés pour expliquer les variations des efforts de coupe. Les ratios entre descripteurs mécaniques apparaissent comme des prédicteurs intéressants de l'aptitude au déroulage des bois homogènes.
ISSN: 0006-579X

hal-01032179
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032179

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: The exposure of children to lead has decreased in recent years, thanks notably to the banning of leaded gasoline. However, lead exposure remains a matter of public health concern, because no toxicity threshold has been observed, cognitive effects having been demonstrated even at low levels. It is therefore important to update exposure assessments. A national study was conducted, in 2008-2009, to determine the blood lead level (BLL) distribution in children between the ages of six months and six years in France. We also assessed the contribution of environmental factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional survey included 3831 children recruited at hospitals. Two-stage probability sampling was carried out, with stratification by hospital and French region. Sociodemographic characteristics were recorded, and blood samples and environmental data were collected by questionnaire. Generalized linear model and quantile regression were used to quantify the association between BLL and environmental risk factors. RESULTS: The geometric mean BLL was 14.9μg/l (95% confidence interval (CI)=[14.5-15.4]) and 0.09% of the children (95% CI=[0.03-0.15]) had BLLs exceeding 100μg/l, 1.5% (95% CI=[0.9-2.1] exceeding 50μg/l. Only slight differences were observed between French regions. Environmental factors significantly associated with BLL were the consumption of tap water in homes with lead service connections, peeling paint or recent renovations in old housing, hand-mouth behavior, passive smoking and having a mother born in a country where lead is often used. CONCLUSIONS: In children between the ages of one and six years in France, lead exposure has decreased over the last 15 years as in the US and other European countries. Nevertheless still 76,000 children have BLL over 50μg/l and prevention policies must be pursued, especially keeping in mind there is no known toxicity threshold.
ISSN: 1438-4639

hal-01009847
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01009847
PUBMED : 24262290
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.10.002

Résumé : Nos travaux ont permis d'étudier l'effet combiné de la maturation, du mûrissement et des périodes climatiques, sur le profil des composés bioactifs de la banane Musa Cavendish, issus des French West Indies (FWI). La teneur en polyphénols des bananes 400 Degrés Jour (dj) est restée inchangée, tandis que les bananes 600 et 900 dj ont présenté une augmentation significative de leurs teneurs en polyphénols pendant la maturation (pThe combined influence of maturation, ripening and climate periods on French West Indies (FWI) bananas, Musa Cavendish, bioactive compounds profile was studied. The polyphenol content of the 400 dd bananas remained unchanged, while the 600 and 900 dd bananas exhibited a significant polyphenol increase during ripening (p
http://www.theses.fr/2012AGUY0533