Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Human Kinetics
Résumé : International audience
The aim of this study was to determine the physiological profile of young triathletes who began triathlon competition as their first sport. Twenty-nine male competitive triathletes (23 regionally and nationally ranked triathletes and 6 elite, internationally ranked triathletes) performed two tests, one on a cycle ergometer (CE VO2max) and one on a treadmill (TM VO2max). Results showed (a) no difference between CE VO2max and TM VO2max in the triathletes (69.1 +/- 7.2 vs. 70.2 +/- 6.2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1), respectively), (b) values of CE VO2max and TM VO2max in elite triathletes (75.9 +/- 5.2 and 78.5 +/- 3.6 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1), respectively) that were comparable to those reported in elite single-sport athletes in these specialities, and (c) although the ventilatory threshold (Th(vent)) was similar in CE and TM, TM Th(vent) was consistently lower for triathletes than TM Th(vent) usually reported for runners.
ISSN: 1066-7814

hal-00720566
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720566
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720566/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00720566/file/CJAP.pdf

Éditeur(s) : Cnexo
Résumé : Les sulfures hydrothermaux, l'aquaculture, l'avenir des forages scientifiques profonds, la coopération franco-allemande, quatre sujets que je voudrais aborder brièvement dans cet éditorial. La présentation des activités franco-américaines sur la dorsale du Pacifique-Est a soulevé un très grand intérêt: le Secrétariat d'Etat à la Recherche, le Ministère de l'Industrie, chacun avec leur vision propre nous pressent d'aller vite et fort dans ce domaine au cours des prochaines années! L'organisation nécessaire se met en place. Un Comité Directeur de trois personnes, J.-P. LENOBLE, un expert de l'Industrie, un expert scientifique désigné par le Ministre des Universités, pilotera deux sous-projets: un sous-projet scientifique que devrait diriger J. FRANCHETEAU, un sous-projet minier plus proprement chargé de voir si face aux techniques appréhendables il pourrait y avoir un «gisement» et quel serait pour le «mineur» l'ampleur approximative de la ressource. De ce dernier point de vue, à la demande du Ministre de l'Industrie, un programme commun CNEXO-IFP lui a déjà été soumis. Il comporte l'adaptation sur le NADIR d'un système de positionnement dynamique nécessaire à un essai de pompage. Mais qui sait si demain géologues et géophysiciens n'utiliseront pas cette possibilité pour mettre en oeuvre des techniques de flexoforage ou de flexocarottage qui ouvriront de nouveaux horizons à leur imagination fertile? Quoiqu'il en soit il faudra savoir trouver le bon équilibre entre ces diverses préoccupations pour bien répondre à ce que l'on attend de nous. [OCR NON CONTRÔLE]
La Lettre du Cnexo (Cnexo), 1980-12 , N. 4 , P. 1-6

Droits : Cnexo - Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1980/publication-4773.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/4773/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Growth hormone (GH) may stimulate water loss during exercise by activating sweating. This study investigated GH secretion and water loss during sequential cycling and running, taking postural changes into account. The two exercise segments had similar durations and were performed at the same relative intensity to determine their respective contributions to water loss and the plasma volume variation noted in such trials. Eight elite triathletes first performed an incremental cycle test to assess maximal oxygen consumption. Then, the triathletes performed one of two trials in randomized order: constant submaximal cycling followed by treadmill running (C 1 –R 2) or an inversed succession of running followed by cycling (R 1 –C 2). Each segment of both trials was performed for 20 minutes at ,75% of maximal oxygen consumption. The second trial, reversing the segment order of the first trial, took place two weeks later. During cycling, the triathletes used their own bicycles equipped with a profiled handlebar. Blood sampling (for GH concentrations, plasma viscosity and plasma volume variation) was conducted at rest and after each segment while water loss was estimated from the post-and pre-measures. GH increases were significantly lower in R 2 than C 2 (72.2650.1 vs. 164.06157 ng.ml 21 .min 21 , respectively; P,0.05). Water loss was significantly lower after C 1 –R 2 than R 1 –C 2 (11056163 and 12356153 ml, respectively; P,0.05). Plasma volume variation was significantly negative in C 1 and R 1 (26.1562.0 and 23.1665.0%, respectively; P,0.05), not significant in C 2 , and significantly positive for seven subjects in R 2 (4.0563.1%). We concluded that the lower GH increases in R 2 may have contributed to the smaller reduction in plasma volume by reducing sweating. Moreover, this lower GH response could be explained by the postural change during the transition from cycling to running. We recommend to pay particular attention to their hydration status during R 1 which could limit a potential dehydration during C 2 .
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01136734
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01136734
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01136734/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01136734/file/Galy%20et%20al.%20-%202014%20-%20Sequential%20exercise%20in%20triathletes%20Variations%20in%20GH%20and%20water%20loss.pdf
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0096145

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : The concept of network provides a model for representing a wide variety of objects and systems, both natural and social, in which a set of homogeneous or heterogeneous entities interact. It is now widely used to describe various kinds of relational structures. However, if everyone has an idea of the concept of network, we often ignore the implications that these structures have in real world phenomena. This is for example the case of processes such as the spread of a rumor, the disease transmission, or even the emergence of subjects of common interest for a group of individuals, in which the relations maintained between individuals, and their nature, often prove to be the main factors determining the evolution of the phenomenon. This is the reason why the study of networks has become one of the emerging areas in the 21st century called the "Science of networks." In this thesis, we address three issues of the domain of the science of networks: the problem of diffusion in social networks, where we have addressed more particularly the impact of the network dynamics on the diffusion process, the problem of the analysis of social networks, in which we have proposed a solution to take full advantage of all information available on the network by combining information on both structure and node attributes and the central problem of the social data collection, for which we have focused on the particular case of the data collection in a wild environment.
Le concept de réseau offre un modèle de représentation pour une grande variété d'objets et de systèmes, aussi bien naturels que sociaux, dans lesquels un ensemble d'entités homogènes ou hétérogènes interagissent entre elles. Il est aujourd'hui employé couramment pour désigner divers types de structures relationnelles. Pourtant, si chacun a une idée plus ou moins précise de ce qu'est un réseau, nous ignorons encore souvent les implications qu'ont ces structures dans de nombreux phénomènes du monde qui nous entoure. C'est par exemple le cas de processus tels que la diffusion d'une rumeur, la transmission d'une maladie, ou même l'émergence de sujets d'intérêt commun à un groupe d'individus, dans lesquels les relations que maintiennent les individus entre eux et leur nature s'avèrent souvent être les principaux facteurs déterminants l'évolution du phénomène. C'est ainsi que l'étude des réseaux est devenue l'un des domaines émergents du 21e siècle appelé la "Science des réseaux". Dans ce mémoire, nous abordons trois problèmes de la science des réseaux: le problème de la diffusion dans les réseaux sociaux, où nous nous sommes intéressés plus particulièrement à l'impact de la dynamique du réseau sur le processus de diffusion, le problème de l'analyse des réseaux sociaux, dans lequel nous avons proposé une solution pour tirer parti de l'ensemble des informations disponibles en combinant les informations sur la structure du réseau et les attributs des noeuds et le problème central de la collecte de données sociales, où nous nous sommes intéressés au cas particulier de la collecte de données en milieux sauvages.
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00830882

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
tel-00830882
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00830882
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00830882/document
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00830882/file/These_STATTNER_2012.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD WB Saunders
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: Environmental surveillance is important in high-risk areas of hospitals to prevent fungal infections in immunosuppressed patients. Conventional culture methods for enumerating environmental fungi are time-consuming. AIM: In this field study, a solid-phase cytometry technique (SPC) and a more conventional culture-based method to quantify fungal contamination of hospital air and surface samples were compared. METHODS: For the air sampling, a liquid cyclone air sampler was used with a flow rate of 300 L/min for 10 min in each of four hospital locations. Surface swabbing was done in two locations, with two different swab types. Samples from all areas were processed by SPC and by culture on malt extract agar. FINDINGS: The mean airborne concentrations of viable fungi determined by SPC were about 1.5-fold higher than the mean concentrations obtained with the culture-based method. These differences for air samples were significant in three hospital environments. No significant difference was observed for surface samples between the two swab types and between the two analytical methods. One of the prominent advantages of SPC was its rapidity in comparison with the culture-based method (5 h versus 5 days). CONCLUSION: In this study, we showed that SPC allows for rapid monitoring of viable fungi in hospital environments. SPC can thus be used to provide an early warning and a rapid implementation of corrective measures. Viable fungi detection may be an important tool to assess infectious risk in wards with immunosuppressed patients.
ISSN: 0195-6701

hal-00874713
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00874713
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhin.2012.10.004
PUBMED : 23313088

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Hydrogen can be stored in the structure of nominally anhydrous minerals as point defects, and these impurities substantially modify many physical properties of Earth's mantle minerals. However, mantle rocks are composed of mineral grains separated by grain boundaries and interphase grains boundaries. Therefore, as a potential hydrogen reservoir, grain boundaries should be given proper attention. Here, I report an experimental investigation into hydrogen diffusion through grain boundaries in polycrystalline aggregates Sintering and diffusion experiments were performed using a gas-medium high-pressure vessel at under pressure of 300 MPa and over a temperature range of 900-1,250 degrees C. The diffusion assembly consisted of a polycrystalline cylinder of aluminous spinel + olivine crystals with a talc cylinder as the main hydrogen source. A Ni capsule was used to buffer the oxygen fugacity at Ni-NiO Experimental durations varied from 5 min to 5 h. The presence of hydrogen in the crystals was measured by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The calculation of the diffusion coefficients was based on the estimation of the characteristic distance. The absence or presence of hydrogen recorded by the 'hydrogen sensor' olivines embedded in the aggregate allows the estimation of bounds on this characteristic distance. Results presented here suggest that hydrogen effective diffusion coefficients are only one order of magnitude faster (similar to 10(-9) m(2)s(-1) at 1,000 degrees C) than in an olivine single crystal along the [100] axis. Resulting diffusion coefficients for hydrogen in grain boundary are four orders of magnitude faster than in a single crystal, but this diffusivity is not fast enough to affect hydrogen mobility in mantle rocks with grain sizes greater than similar to 1 mm. Thus, very limited chemical homogenization would occur using grain boundaries diffusion in mantle hydrous peridotite for incompatible and volatile element, such as hydrogen.
ISSN: 0010-7999

hal-00564353
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00564353
DOI : 10.1007/s00410-010-0512-4

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : This work focus on the characterization of the source and dynamic of compactional fluids during sedimentary burial, through two complementary examples of late orogenic oil‐field half‐grabens: The exhumed Lodève Permian Basin and a deep buried Jurassic basin in the North Viking Graben (North Sea).Constituting the main part of the thesis, a multi‐disciplinary approach was conducted in the Lodève Basin where Ba‐F‐Cu‐Pb polymetallic mineralized systems are trapped into synrift faults and paleokarsts in the carbonate basement at the hinge point of the rollover. The source, timing and P/T conditions of fluid migration were deduced from the analysis of the microfabric, the fluid inclusions microthermometry, and the isotopic (Sr, S, O, H) and Rare Earth Element (REE) signature. Results are then crossed with a structural and thermal modeling that consolidates the sequence and dynamics of fluid during burial.A similar approach was conducted in the North Viking Graben where fluid markers are restricted to 3D seismic and well core data. Comparable Ba‐Pb‐Zn veins are reported in basin margin, plugging one of the most important siliciclastic hydrocarbon reservoir in the substratum. This analysis provides additional constraints on basinal fluid behavior and allows us to propose a global dynamic model for various compositions of fluids and reservoirs.We conclude to a polyphase fluid sequence history including:(a) In the carbonate basement of the Lodève Basin, karstic paleocanyon incisions and associated cavities coupled to synrift fault, act as major drain for fluids. These structures are early affected by hypogen‐sulfuric karstification in response to the interaction between bacterial oxidation of sulfides entrapped within Lower Permian blackshales and the basement oxidizing aquifer.(b) Disequilibrium compaction initiates overpressure‐driven basinal fluid migration towards basin margins, characterized by temperatures around 150‐180°C and salinities between 9 et 18wt%eq.NaCl. Isotopic (Sr, S, O) and REE analyses reveal that Ba‐M+‐rich mineralizing fluids derived mainly from buried blackshales diagenesis. External fluids coming from the lower crust are also identified that play a key role in fluorite precipitation by the leaching of late hercynian granites (mean temperature of 250°C and salinity > 20wt%eq.NaCl).(c) During the synrift period, fluid overpressure is responsible for the periodic reactivation of fault plane according to seismic‐valve process, bedded‐control shearing and hydraulic brecciation at the basement‐seal interface. These mechanisms induce cyclic polymetallic mineralization by the mixing between in‐situ formation water and deep ascending basinal fluids.(d) Thermogenic fluids expulsion starts with last basinal fluids during late burial stage. Hydrocarbons thus migrate along the same regional pathways up to the rollover crest, where they are partly rerouted by the previous mineralized baffle.(e) In the Lodève basin, post‐rift exhumation of the margins led to the remobilization of synrift deposits by subaerial biochemical processes at the sulfate‐methane transition. The latter results from the interaction between the still active hydrocarbon dysmigration with a playa lake sulfate‐rich aquifer. Secondary low‐temperature barite fronts precipitate then within basement meteoric karsts.In addition to the « source to sink » model of basinal fluids, this work provides new insights on the early plugging of hydrocarbon reservoirs and for the metallogenesis of Mississippi Valley‐Type deposits.
Ce travail porte sur la caractérisation de la source et de la dynamique des fluides de bassin au cours de leur chargement à travers deux exemples complémentaires de demi‐grabens tardi‐orogéniques pétroliers : Le Bassin Permien de Lodève, aujourd’hui à l’affleurement et un bassin jurassique enfouis dans le North Viking Graben (Mer du Nord).Le coeur de la thèse concerne le Bassin de Lodève où, à partir d’une approche pluridisciplinaire intégrée, nous avons caractérisé l’architecture des minéralisations (Ba, F, Cu, Pb) piégées dans un réseau paléokarstique alimenté par les failles syn‐rift, dans le substratum carbonaté à l’apex du roll‐over. La source, le calendrier et les conditions de migration des fluides ont été approchés à partir de l’analyse de la micro‐fabrique, la microthermométrie sur inclusions fluides, les analyses isotopiques (Sr, S, O, H) et de Terres Rares. Les résultats analytiques ont été enfin croisés avec un modèle thermique et structural du bassin qui conforte la séquence et la dynamique du système fluide en cours d’enfouissement.Une démarche similaire, mais plus limitée, a été conduite dans le bassin du North Viking Graben où l’accès aux marqueurs fluides est restreint aux données de sismique 3D et de carottes. Comme à Lodève, les minéralisations Ba‐Pb‐Zn colmatent un réservoir dans le substratum à l’apex du roll‐over. Elles se présentent sous forme de ciments dans des grès ou des fractures. Cette analyse apporte des contraintes complémentaires et permet de proposer un modèle dynamique général avec des variantes en fonction de la nature des fluides et des réservoirs.On retiendra donc la séquence fluide suivante :(a) Dans le cas du bassin de Lodève sur substratum carbonaté, les chemins préférentiels de drainage se développent dans des paléocanyons N‐S couplés à un réseau de fractures et d’endokarsts météoriques. Ces derniers sont élargis en début de rifting par la dissolution hypogène sulfurique produite par l’oxydation bactérienne des sulfates et des pyrites des blackshales, au contact de l’aquifère oxydant du Cambrien.(b) Le déséquilibre de compaction initie la migration des fluides interstitiels en surpression vers les marges avec des températures autour de 150‐180°C et des salinités entre 9 et 18wt%eq.NaCl. Les analyses isotopiques (Sr, S, O) révèlent que la majorité des fluides provient de l’altération diagénétique des blackshales riches en métaux. Des interactions sont également mises en évidence avec des fluides profonds (entre 240°C et 260°C ; salinités > à 20wt%eq.NaCl), qui lessivent les granites tardi‐hercyniens.(c) Pendant le syn‐rift, les conditions de surpression de fluide permettent la réactivation cyclique des failles, les décollements stratigraphiques et la formation de brèches hydrauliques, favorisant la mise en connexion avec les réservoirs superficiels à l’apex du rollover. Le modèle de Sibson ajusté aux fluides de bassins est alors le moteur de la migration verticale.(d) Les fluides thermogéniques commencent à être expulsés avec les derniers fluides de compaction au cours d’un stade plus évolué de l’enfouissement en empruntant les mêmes chemins jusqu’à l’apex du roll over. Ils sont alors partiellement freinés et déviés par les colmatages minéralisés antérieurs.(e) A Lodève, la continentalisation des minéralisations antérieures au cours de l’exhumation post‐rift conduit à leur remaniement partiel au niveau de la transition sulfate‐méthane induite par l’interaction entre une playa évaporitique et la dysmigration des hydrocarbures. Des barytines secondaires de basse température, déprimées en Sr sont alors précipitées de manière synsédimentaire dans des karsts météoriques du socle.Outre l’illustration d’un modèle complet (source to sink) de dynamique des fluides dans un bassin, ce travail apporte de nouvelles contraintes dans l’approche du colmatage des réservoirs à hydrocarbures sur les têtes de blocs basculés et sur la genèse des gîtes miniers de type Mississippi Valley‐Type.
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01457583

tel-01457583
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01457583
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01457583/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01457583/file/th%C3%A8seLaurent2015V2.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Paris, Masson et Cie
Résumé : National audience
Decreased frequency of pulmonary exacerbations, mainly related to immunomodulatory effects of macrolide antibiotics, has been demonstrated in bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). Due to its tolerance, azithromycin is the antibiotic of choice for maintenance therapy at the dose of 250 mg per day or 500 mg × 3 per week (for body weight >55 kg). Maintenance therapy with macrolide could be proposed in selected patients with bronchiectasis or COPD with more than 3 acute exacerbations in the previous year or decreased lung function despite compliance with optimum treatment. The risk of sudden cardiac death with azithromycin is rare and controversial. It should be avoided in patients with a high baseline risk of cardiovascular disease, QT>450 msec, pulse rate>100 bpm and potential drug interactions, particularly those known to cause QT prolongation. It is recommended to search for hearing deficit (audiometry) and sputum culture positive for mycobacteria. Patients must also be aware that it can rapidly lead to macrolide resistance in commensal or pathogenic flora. Follow-up evaluation every 3 month can be proposed with medical history (hearing deficit) and electrocardiography. After one year, the treatment should be stopped in the absence of reduction in the frequency of exacerbations.
Points essentielsLes macrolides administrés au long cours permettent, grâce en partie à leurs propriétés anti-inflammatoires, de diminuer la fréquence des exacerbations dans la DDB et la BPCO.Du fait de sa tolérance, l’azithromycine est le macrolide de choix, pouvant être utilisé à la dose de 250 mg/j ou 500 mg 3 fois par semaine chez les patients de plus de 55 kg.Un traitement par macrolides au long cours pourrait être proposé à des patients atteints de DDB ou de BPCO ayant eu plus de 3 exacerbations l’année précédente ou ayant une dégradation de leur fonction respiratoire malgré un traitement de fond bien conduit.Du fait d’un risque rare et controversé de mort subite d’origine cardiaque, il ne doit pas être proposé en cas de pathologie cardiovasculaire évoluée, d’intervalle QT > 450 ms, de traitement pouvant allonger l’intervalle QT, de tachycardie > 100/min.Il est recommandé de s’assurer de l’absence de troubles auditifs (audiogramme) et de mycobactérie atypique dans les cultures des expectorations. Les patients doivent aussi être informés du risque d’apparition de résistance aux macrolides de la flore commensale et pathogène.Une surveillance clinique, avec en particulier la recherche de troubles auditifs et électrocardiographique, peut être proposée tous les 3 mois. L’absence de diminution de la fréquence des exacerbations, lors du bilan annuel, justifie l’arrêt du traitement.
ISSN: 0032-7867

hal-01073027
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01073027
DOI : 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.08.006
PUBMED : 24631048

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The Imiter silver mine is a world-class deposit located in the Easternpart of the Anti-Atlas (Morocco). The deposit is hosted by Cryogenianblack shales and Ediacaran volcanics, and unconformablyoverlain byPaleozoic sedimentary rocks. The paragenetic sequence for the ganguemineral is composedby amacroscopically white quartz (Qz1) associatedwith the deposition of galena and scarce silver mineralsas matrixof hydraulic breccias, followed by a grey quartz (Qz2) associated withthe main silver deposition event and a first generation of scarcedolomite(Dol1). A third episode is characterized by massive pink dolomite precipitation(Dol2) with minor quartz (Qz3) and base metals. Finally, asurficial event affects the mineralisation and is responsible for a secondaryore enrichment.Microthermometry study coupled with Raman analyses reveals thatfluid inclusions are CaCl2-dominated. The general trend is a decreaseof temperature from Qz1 (250°C) to Dol1 (80°C) then Dol 2 (probablybelow 70°C) depositions. Fluid salinity increases from Qz1 (6.3 to 19.0wt % NaCleq) to Dol1 (27.2 % wt NaCleq), and decreases with the precipitationof Dol2 associated with quartz 3 (15 %wt NaCleq). The 18Oisotopic composition of fluids in equilibrium with quartz and dolomitesuggestsamagmatic,metamorphic and/or basinal origin for the fluid atthe origin of Qz1, and that meteoric / surficial basinal brinesmay be atthe origin of Dol2.The proposed model to explain the ore forming processes in Imiter is amixing of Ca-brines, probably providing chloride complexes, with a hotNaCl fluid of lower salinity, leading to the precipitation of silver.Theresults favour the important role of calcic brines, whose origin remainsmatter to debate in such a giant depositand for whom age of emplacementis strongly discussed.
24 ème Réunion des sciences de la Terre 2014
Pau, France

insu-01080858
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01080858

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
La recherche de liens conceptuels fréquents (FCL) est une nouvelle approche de clustering de réseaux, qui exploite à la fois la structure et les attributs des noeuds. Bien que les travaux récents se soient déjà intéressés à l’optimisation des algorithmes de recherche des FCL, peu de travaux sont aujourd’hui menés sur la complémentarité qui existe entre les liens conceptuels et l’approche classique de clustering qui consiste en l’extraction de communautés. Ainsi dans ce papier, nous nous intéressons à ces deux approches. Notre objectif est d’évaluer les relations potentiellement existantes entre les communautés et les FCL pour comprendre la façon dont les motifs obtenus par chacune des méthodes peuvent correspondre ou s’intersecter ainsi que la connaissance utile résultant de la prise en compte de ces deux types de connaissance. Nous proposons pour cela un ensemble de mesures originales, basées sur la notion d’homogénéité, visant à évaluer le niveau d’intersection des FCL et des communautés lorsqu’ils sont extraits d’un même jeu de données. Notre approche est appliquée à deux réseaux et démontre l’importance de considérer simultanément plusieurs types de connaissance et leur intersection.
Extraction et gestion des connaissances
Rennes, France

hal-01312560
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01312560

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
This paper proposes a new knowledge discovery method called FLMin to discover frequent patterns in a social network. The algorithm works without previous knowledge on the network and exploits both the structure and the attributes of nodes to extract regularities called Frequent Links. Unlike traditional works in this area that solely exploit structural regularities of the network, the originality of FLMin is its ability to gather these two kinds of information in the search for patterns. In this paper, we detail the method proposed for extracting frequent links and discuss its complexity and its flexibility. The efficiency of our solution is evaluated by conducting qualitative and quantitative studies for understanding how behaves FLMin according to different parameters.
Networked Digital Technologies
Dubai, United Arab Emirates

hal-00768431
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00768431
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-30567-2_38

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
Résumé : International audience
Leishmaniasis is endemic in southern Europe, and in other European countries cases are diagnosed in travellers who have visited affected areas both within the continent and beyond. Prompt and accurate diagnosis poses a challenge in clinical practice in Europe. Different methods exist for identification of the infecting Leishmania species. Sixteen clinical laboratories in 10 European countries, plus Israel and Turkey, conducted a study to assess their genotyping performance. DNA from 21 promastigote cultures of 13 species was analysed blindly by the routinely used typing method. Five different molecular targets were used, which were analysed with PCR-based methods. Different levels of identification were achieved, and either the Leishmania subgenus, species complex, or actual species were reported. The overall error rate of strains placed in the wrong complex or species was 8.5%. Various reasons for incorrect typing were identified. The study shows there is considerable room for improvement and standardisation of Leishmania typing. The use of well validated standard operating procedures is recommended, covering testing, interpretation, and reporting guidelines. Application of the internal transcribed spacer 1 of the rDNA array should be restricted to Old World samples, while the heat-shock protein 70 gene and the mini-exon can be applied globally.
ISSN: 1560-7917

hal-01460743
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01460743
DOI : 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.49.30418
PUBMED : 27983510

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Numerous social network mining methods have been proposed until now for addressing social mining tasks and specially searching for communities or frequent social patterns. However, the degree of complementarity of these methods has been very little studied. In this paper, we focus on two knowledge extraction processes in social networks: a link-based clustering that may extract social communities and a recent approach that searches for frequent conceptual link involving both clustering and search for frequent social patterns. We explore how the models extracted by each method may match and which potential useful knowledge they may provide. Our objective is to evaluate the potential relationships between communities and frequent conceptual links. For this purpose, we propose a set of measures for evaluating the degree to which these patterns extracted from the same dataset are matching. Our approach is applied on two datasets and demonstrates the importance of considering simultaneously various kinds of knowledge and their complementarity.
IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining
Niagara falls, Canada

hal-00874351
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00874351

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier Science Bv
Résumé : We developed a growth model for Crassostrea gigas oyster shells based on the use of in situ temporal manganese markings to calibrate natural cathodoluminescence (CL) changes in the shell hinge sections. A 30 min to 4-h exposure period with Mn2+ (90-120 mg l(-1)) was sufficient to create a detectable mark in the shells. This makes the Mn2+ markings the fastest mollusc shells marking technique to date. The natural CL from juvenile and adult shells cultured in four standard shellfish-farming locations along the English Channel and French Atlantic coasts, exhibited a seasonal pattern (maximum CL intensity occurring during summer periods, minimum CL intensity occurring during winter). Hydrobiological data recorded at Baie des Veys site allows us to attribute the seawater temperature as the main parameter controlling CL of shells. Chlorophyll a and seawater manganese concentration were not decisive in the luminescence intensity of the shells. A relationship between oyster hinge growth and the length of shells makes the umbo investigations a promising tool for oyster-farming and/or wild stock assessments. Shell growth varied at spatial and temporal scales (higher growth rates were observed during summer-autumn and lower during the winter period), depending on seawater temperature changes. Sub-monthly Mn2+ markings support the fact that shell deposition can occur under temperatures below 6 degrees C, which has to be taken into account for both shellfish production and environmental monitoring derived from chemical compositions of the shells. Finally, our results point out the efficiency of age and shell growth rate determination by CL analysis in further shellfish ecosystem researches.
Aquaculture (0044-8486) (Elsevier Science Bv), 2010-02 , Vol. 300 , N. 1-4 , P. 206-217

Droits : 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00002/11300/7912.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.12.018
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00002/11300/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
The levels and duration of physical activity that can be considered as completely safe in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) is unknown. The present study compared the hemorheological and hematological profile, cell density distribution and basic biochemistry between a group of 17 patients with SCA and 21 healthy subjects before and after a 20 min duration submaximal cycling exercise at the same absolute workload. Blood was sampled at rest and 3 min after the end of exercise for measurement of biological parameters. Exercise did not affect the hematocrit and blood viscosity in the two groups. Plasma viscosity was not different between the two groups at rest and similarly increased with exercise. The proportion of intermediary dense cells (with density between 1.11 and 1.12 g/ml) decreased with exercise in the SCA group resulting in an increase in the proportion of red blood cells with a density > 1.12 g/ml. No change was observed in the control group. The present study suggests that mild-moderate exercise is not very harmful for SCA patients. The hemorheological and hematological changes very mild, except for the formation of dense cells but no clinically significant signs of medical complication were present in any of the patients.
ISSN: 0007-1048

hal-00640629
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00640629
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00640629/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00640629/file/PEER_stage2_10.1111%252Fj.1365-2141.2011.08728.x.pdf
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08728.x

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD GIA - Gemological Institute of America
Résumé : A new opal deposit was discovered in 2008 near the village of Wegel Tena, in volcanic rocks of Ethiopia's Wollo Province. Unlike previous Ethiopian opals, the new material is mostly white, with some brown opal, fire opal, and colorless "crystal" opal. Some of it resembles Australian and Brazilian sedimentary opals, with play-of-color that is often very vivid. However, its properties are consistent with those of opal-CT and most volcanic opals. Inclusions consist of pyrite, barium-manganese oxides, and native carbon Some samples show "digit patterns", interpenetrating play-of-color and common opal, resembling fingers. The opaque-to-translucent Wegel Tena opals become transparent when soaked in water, showing a remarkable hydrophane character. White opals from this deposit contain an elevated Ba content, which has not been reported so far in opal-CT. The fire and crystal opals are prone to breakage, while the white, opaque-to-translucent opals are remarkably durable. The proportion of gem-quality material in the Wegel Tena deposit seems unusually high, and 1,500 kg have already been extracted using rudimentary mining techniques. The deposit may extend over several kilometers and could become a major source of gem-quality opal
ISSN: 0016-626X

hal-00560177
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00560177

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Abstract View references (38)This work presents a facile, scalable method for the fabrication of graphene oxide-iron oxide (GO-Fe3O4) nanocomposites produced by co-precipitation of iron ions onto the GO surfaces in basic aqueous media. FTIR and XRD characterisation suggests that Fe3O4 was chemically anchored to the GO sheets, possibly via the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. Small GO loadings of 0.5 and 1 wt% were not sufficient to alter the Fe3O4 structures. However, increasing the GO loading to 5 and 10 wt% resulted in significant loss in pore volume, thus suggesting the lamellar GO sheets decorated with Fe3O4 were assembling into GO-Fe3O4 nanocomposite stacks. It was found that the GO-Fe3O4 nanocomposites had an enhanced catalytic activity in the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) compared to pure GO flat sheets and Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Interestingly, the GO-Fe3O4 nanocomposite with 5 wt% loading ratio exhibited the best catalytic activity with 76% degradation of AO7 dye observed within 90 min of reaction. This was attributed to the synergistic effect of GO by enriching the adsorbed AO7 molecules onto the nanocomposite to be further oxidised in the vicinities of active sites. This finding suggests the promising employment of GO-Fe3O4 nanocomposites in removing organic dyes from polluted water by heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction. © 2014 by American Scientific Publishers.
SCIENCE OF ADVANCED MATERIALS

hal-01683207
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01683207
DOI : 10.1166/sam.2014.1812

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The French West Indies (F.W.I.) were French colonies with a specific legal frame until 1946 when they became French departments. Since that time the legal frame in force concerning archaeological heritage protection is exactly the same than in metropolitan France. In this system all the laws relating to cultural heritage are grouped in the "Code du Patrimoine" (Heritage code), which contains several topics such as archives, museums, archaeology and historic monuments. Some articles refer to the Penal Code, the Code of Urban Development, the Environmental Code or the Mining Code. These laws are supplemented by various decrees that define the applying conditions for different areas: rescue archeology (decree 2004-490), INRAP , advisory bodies, the content of the field reports, penal provisions, etc ... The heritage laws have been created in 1917 (Historic Monuments) and 1941 (archaeology). The law on rescue archeology is in force only since 2001 and is an application of the European Convention of Malta (1992). However, the implementation of the regulation and of the institutions in charge of is application in the French West Indies is fairly recent. In this presentation after a general presentation of the archaeological heritage protection French system we will focus on the different aspects of is application in F.W.I.: difficulties linked to the application of a system suited for metropolitan France, the level of the French West Indian people implication in the archaeological heritage protection and the future perspectives.
The Archaeology of the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba, 16th Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists
Den Haag, France

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
hal-00960161
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00960161
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00960161/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00960161/file/European_rules_american_.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD EDP Sciences
Résumé : International audience
This paper presents a paleo-hydrological study conducted on sediment flood deposits at two sites located in the Gardon Gorges, Southeast France. The first study site is a valley‑side terrace (referred to as site GE, located 10m above the channel bed) and the second is located in a cave (referred to as site GG, perched 15m above the bed level). Paleo‑flood events were identified by carefully analyzing each slackwater flood deposits. The flood units were then dated using a variety of dating techniques, namely 137Cs, 210Pbex, 14C geochemical analysis of mining‑contaminated slackwater flood sediments, archeological objects and the historic flood record. Hydraulic modeling was also carried out in order to verify the coherence between the stratigraphic records of flood deposits at the sites and the historic flood levels known along the river Gardon. It is demonstrated that all the major flood events of the 20th century can be identified at terrace GE. This type of geomorphological unit can therefore be used as a sound basis for a paleo-hydrological analysis of the Gardon Gorges. Furthermore, the analysis of the stratigraphic record at site GG demonstrates that the site can be used to trace the largest flood events that have occurred within the past 600 years. The study reveals that the frequency of extreme flood events increased during the Little Ice Age
Une étude paléo-hydrologique a été entreprise dans les Gorges du Gardon, où deux coupes sédimentaires ont été étudiées. La première provient d'une terrasse (coupe GE située à 10 m de hauteur au dessus de la rivière) et l'autre, d'une cavité (coupe GG localisée à 15 m au-dessus de la rivière). L'identification et la mise en évidence des différents paléo-événements de crue ont été établies grâce à l'inspection minutieuse de chaque dépôt sédimentaire et d'une étude géochronologique fine (137Cs, 210Pbex, 14C, métaux traces, objets archéologiques, historiques des crues). Nous avons souhaité évaluer la capacité des terrasses fluviatiles du Gardon à enregistrer des paléo-événements en comparant les coupes sédimentaires aux données historiques des hauteurs d'eau et aux résultats d'un modèle hydraulique 1D. Nous montrons que la terrasse GE enregistre la quasi-totalité des évènements du 20ème siècle et qu'à priori, ce type d'objet géomorphologique peut être utilisé pour toute étude paléo-hydrologique sur le Gardon. De plus, l'étude de la coupe GG (cavité perchée à 15 m) permet de reconstituer les évènements intenses au cours des 600 dernières années. Nous montrons une augmentation des crues extrêmes dans le Haut-Languedoc au cours du "Petit âge glaciaire".
ISSN: 0018-6368

hal-01108400
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01108400
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01108400/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01108400/file/ly2014-pub00041935.pdf
DOI : 10.1051/lhb/2014037

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD American Institute of Physics
Résumé : International audience
In order to be able to provide valuable data in multiparameter measurement field operations, tiltmeters need to have a noise level better or equal than 10-9 rad for a period range from a few minutes to a few years and a long term stability ranging from 10-7 to 10-8 rad/yr. Tiltmeter measurements should also be as much as possible insensitive to thermal disturbances, by taking great care of the horizontality of the base line tube first. Secondly, thermal responses have been assessed. We also took great care of the coupling of our tiltmeters with the bedrock. We've designed a long base tiltmeter with sensors in silica which has a low dilatation coefficient. The linear variable displacement transducer is based on coil coupling (powered by an alternative voltage). Finally we show the results of two 100 m silica water tube tiltmeters which were installed in a mine in the French Vosges massif in the framework of a hydrology research project. These instruments show a remarkably good stability (6.5×10-9 rad/month) and a low noise level (of the order of 10-11 rad). Toroidal and spheroidal free modes of the Earth were observed after the two last major earthquakes on Sumatra.
ISSN: 0034-6748

hal-00708013
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00708013
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00708013/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00708013/file/2008_RSI.pdf
BIBCODE : 2008RScI...79c4502B