Éditeur(s) : Paris : Marpon et Flammarion
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Provenance : Archives départementales de Guadeloupe
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/ADG18176
ADG18176

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
We have analyzed the microstructures and crystal preferred orientations (CPO), and calculated the seismic properties of 53 mantle xenoliths from four localities within the North Tanzanian Divergence of the East African rift: two within the rift axis and two in the transverse volcanic belt. Olivine OH concentrations were measured in 15 xenoliths.Most samples have harzburgitic to dunitic compositions and high olivine Mg#. Microstructures and olivine CPO patterns vary strongly depending on the location. In-axis peridotites display mylonitic to porphyroclastic microstructures, which record recent deformation by dislocation creep. Highly stretched orthopyroxenes in mylonites indicate that the deformation was initiated under high stress and probably low temperature. Orthopyroxene replacement by olivine in mylonitic and porphyroclastic peridotites suggest syn-kinematic melt–rock reactions and further deformation under near-solidus conditions. Exsolutions in orthopyroxene imply significant cooling between melt-assisted deformation and xenolith extraction. Late metasomatism is evidenced by the occurrence of veins crosscutting the microstructure and interstitial clinopyroxene and phlogopite. Axial-[100] olivine CPOs predominate, suggesting activation of the high temperature, low pressure [100] {0kl} slip systems and, probably, transtensional deformation. In the volcanic belt, Lashaine peridotites display very coarse-granular textures, indicating deformation by dislocation creep under low deviatoric stress conditions followed by annealing. Axial-[010] olivine CPOs are consistent with transpressional deformation or simultaneous activation of the [100](010) and [001](010) slip systems. Intermediate microstructures and CPOs in Olmani suggests heterogeneous deformation within the volcanic belt. Olivine OH concentrations range between 2 and 12 ppm wt. H2O. No systematic variations are observed between in- and off-axis samples. Maximum P wave azimuthal anisotropy (AVp) ranges between 3.3 and 18.4%, and the maximum S wave polarization anisotropy (AVs) between 2.3 and 13.2%. Comparison between seismic properties of in-axis peridotites and SKS splitting data suggests transtensional deformation in the lithospheric mantle beneath the rift.
ISSN: 0040-1951

hal-01121552
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01121552
DOI : 10.1016/j.tecto.2014.11.011

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD John Libbey Eurotext
Résumé : National audience
ISSN: 1264-6520

hal-01118210
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01118210
DOI : 10.1684/met.2010.0282

Éditeur(s) : Oxford Univ Press Inc
Résumé : Since the transition from terrestrial to marine environments poses strong osmoregulatory and energetic challenges, temporal and spatial fluctuations in oceanic salinity might influence salt and water balance (and hence, body condition) in marine tetrapods. We assessed the effects of salinity on three species of sea snakes studied by mark-recapture in coral-reef habitats in the Neo-Caledonian Lagoon. These three species include one fully aquatic hydrophiine (Emydocephalus annulatus), one primarily aquatic laticaudine (Laticauda laticaudata), and one frequently terrestrial laticaudine (Laticauda saintgironsi). We explored how oceanic salinity affected the snakes' body condition across various temporal and spatial scales relevant to each species' ecology, using linear mixed models and multimodel inference. Mean annual salinity exerted a consistent and negative effect on the body condition of all three snake species. The most terrestrial taxon (L. saintgironsi) was sensitive to salinity over a short temporal scale, corresponding to the duration of a typical marine foraging trip for this species. In contrast, links between oceanic salinity and body condition in the fully aquatic E. annulatus and the highly aquatic L. laticaudata were strongest at a long-term (annual) scale. The sophisticated salt-excreting systems of sea snakes allow them to exploit marine environments, but do not completely overcome the osmoregulatory challenges posed by oceanic conditions. Future studies could usefully explore such effects in other secondarily marine taxa such as seabirds, turtles, and marine mammals.
Integrative And Comparative Biology (1540-7063) (Oxford Univ Press Inc), 2012-08 , Vol. 52 , N. 2 , P. 235-244

Droits : The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00089/20064/20739.pdf
DOI:10.1093/icb/ics081
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00089/20064/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Phthalates are common atmospheric contaminantsused in the plastic industry. Ants have been shown to constitutegood bioindicators of phthalate pollution. Hence,phthalates remain trapped on ant cuticles which are mostlycoated with long-chain hydrocarbons. In this study, we artificiallycontaminated Lasius niger ants with four phthalates:dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and benzyl butyl phthalate(BBP). The first three have previously been found on ants innature in Touraine (France), while the fourth has not. The fourphthalates disappeared rapidly (less than 5 days) from thecuticles of live ants. In contrast, on the cuticles of dead ants,DEHP quantities remained unchanged over time. These resultsindicate that phthalates are actively absorbed by thecuticles of live ants. Cuticular absorption of phthalates isnonspecific because eicosane, a nonnatural hydrocarbon onL. niger cuticle, was similarly absorbed. Ants are importantecological engineers and may serve as bioindicators of ecosystemhealth. We also suggest that ants and more generallyterrestrial arthropods may contribute to the removal ofphthalates from the local environment
ISSN: 0944-1344

hal-01081622
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01081622
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01081622/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01081622/file/Lenoir-et-al-ESPR2014-10.1007_s11356-014-3272-2.pdf
DOI : 10.1007/s11356-014-3272-2

Éditeur(s) : Nantes : Imprimerie de Mme Chantreau

Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Université de Nantes. Service commun de la documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/NAN13040
NAN13040

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Imprimerie nationale
Extrait de : Notice sur la transportation à la Guyane française et à la Nouvelle-Calédonie
Résumé : Plusieurs notices reliées ensemble. Cartes, tableaux
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Ville de Bordeaux. Bibliothèque municipale
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/BBX19036
BBX19036

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : This study provides additional constraints on the relations between deformation, hydration and percolation of fluids and melts in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath a craton and a rift, as well as their implication on its geodynamical behaviour. I have analysed the microstructures, the CPOs, and the hydrogen content of mantle xenoliths from the Kaapvaal craton, and two sets of xenoliths from different localities along the East African Rift (North Tanzanian Divergence and SE Ethiopia).The coarse-granular microstructures and the well-defined CPOs in Kaapvaal peridotites suggest a deformation followed by a long quiescence time. Orthorhombic olivine CPOs predominates, but axial-[100] and axial-[010] are also measured. Cratonic peridotites record multiple metasomatic episodes, leading to a significant compositional heterogeneity, which cannot be imaged by seismic studies. Olivine hydrogen contents are variable, but tend to increase until 150 km depth, reaching up to 50 ppm wt. H2O. The deeper samples are almost dry. Piston-cylinder experiments on hydrogen diffusion between a volatile-rich kimberlitic melt and forsterite suggest that the presence of CO2 in the system could significantly decrease water fugacity and thus forsterite hydration. These experimental results indicate that the hydrogen contents measured in olivine were acquired during a metasomatic event rather than during xenolith extraction by kimberlites. However, this metasomatism was not followed by remobilization of the cratonic root.In the North Tanzanian Divergence, localities within the rift axis and the volcanic transverse belt (Lashaine and Olmani) show significant differences in microstructures and olivine CPO patterns. In Lashaine, coarse-granular microstructures and orthorhombic to axial-[100] CPO patterns in olivine can be explained by transpressional deformation during the formation of the Mozambique belt, or by the occurrence of a remnant of a cratonic domain embedded within the Mozambique belt. Within the rift axis, porphyroclastic to mylonitic microstructures suggest a recent rift-related deformation accompanied by syn-kinematic melt-rock reactions, and followed by variable annealing. The strong heterogeneity in microstructures and olivine CPO suggests that this deformation was acquired during multiple tectonic events probably linked to episodic magma percolation, separated by quiescence episodes. The axial-[100] patterns in olivine and the oblique fast directions reported by SKS studies are coherent with transtensional deformation within the lithospheric mantle beneath the rift.The peridotites from SE Ethiopia are less recrystallized than the rift-axis Tanzanian peridotites, displaying coarse-porphyroclastic microstructures. Microstructures and orthorhombic CPOs in olivine suggest syn- to post-metasomatic deformation. S-waves polarization anisotropies calculated for these samples cannot explain alone the delay times reported by SKS studies in this part of the East-African Rift.
Les travaux réalisés durant cette thèse apportent de nouvelles contraintes sur les relations entre déformation, hydratation et percolation de fluides et/ou de magmas dans le manteau subcontinental sous un craton et sous un rift, et leurs implications sur son comportement rhéologique. Il repose sur l'analyse des microstructures, des OPRs et des teneurs en hydrogène de xénolites mantelliques du craton du Kaapvaal, et sur deux séries de xénolites provenant de différentes localités le long du rift Est-Africain (Divergence Nord Tanzanienne et SE de l'Ethiopie). Les microstructures granulaires à gros grains et les OPRs bien définies des péridotites du craton du Kaapvaal sont cohérentes avec un épisode de déformation suivi d'une longue période de quiescence. Les OPRs de l'olivine sont majoritairement à symétrie orthorhombique, mais des symétries axiale-[100] et axiale-[010] sont aussi mesurées. Les péridotites cratoniques enregistrent de multiples épisodes métasomatiques, ayant entraîné une hétérogénéité de compositions à petite échelle ne pouvant être détectée par les études sismiques. Les teneurs en hydrogène mesurées dans l'olivine sont variables, mais ont tendance à augmenter jusqu'à 150 km de profondeur, atteignant alors jusqu'à 50 ppm wt. H2O. En dessous de cette profondeur, les échantillons montrent des teneurs en hydrogène très faibles. Les expériences réalisées en piston-cylindre sur la diffusion de l'hydrogène issue d'un liquide kimberlitique vers de la forstérite suggèrent que la fugacité en eau pourrait fortement être diminuée par la présence de CO2, empêchant l'hydratation de l'olivine durant extraction des xénolites par les kimberlites. Ces résultats expérimentaux suggèrent que les teneurs en hydrogène dans l'olivine des péridotites du craton du Kaapvaal ont été acquises durant un épisode métasomatique en profondeur et non pendant leur extraction par les kimberlites. Ces teneurs n'ont toutefois pas à ce jour entraîné de remobilisation de la racine cratonique. Enfin, le calcul des propriétés sismiques des péridotites cratoniques révèle que les anisotropies générées par les OPRs de ces échantillons sont suffisantes pour expliquer les anisotropies mesurées par les ondes SKS et les ondes de surface.Les xénolites de la Divergence Nord-Tanzanienne, montrent des variations significatives de microstructures et d'OPR de l'olivine entre les péridotites des localités dans l'axe du rift et celles de la chaîne volcanique transverse (Lashaine et Olmani). A Lashaine, les microstructures granulaires à gros grains et les OPRs de type orthorhombique et axial-[010] peuvent être expliquée par une déformation en transpression liée à la formation de la chaîne Mozambique ou par la présence d'une relique d'un domaine cratonique à l'intérieur de la chaîne Mozambique. Dans l'axe du rift, les microstructures porphyroclastiques à mylonitiques suggèrent une déformation plus récente, accompagnée de réactions magma-roche sous des conditions proches du solidus, suivie d'un recuit variable. L'hétérogénéité des microstructures enregistrées par les échantillons du rift suggère de multiples épisodes de déformation localisée, probablement liés à l'injection percolation épisodique de magmas, espacés de périodes d'accalmie. Les OPRs de l'olivine de type axial-[100] et l'orientation des directions de polarisation des ondes SKS suggère que le rift s'est formé en régime de transtension Les péridotites du Sud-Est de l’Éthiopie présentent des microstructures porphyroclastiques à gros grains moins recristallisées qu'en Tanzanie. Les microstructures et les OPRs principalement de type orthorhombique suggèrent une déformation syn- à post-métasomatisme. Les anisotropies de polarisation des ondes S calculées pour ces échantillons sont insuffisantes pour expliquer à elles seules les déphasages des ondes SKS dans cette partie du rift.
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01684759

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
NNT : 2014MON20139
tel-01684759
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01684759
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01684759/document
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01684759/file/43443_BAPTISTE_2014_archivage_cor.pdf

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Royer, Libraires,
Résumé : 2 paginations
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 18
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Fondation Clément
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/FCL18017
FCL18017

Éditeur(s) : Paris : chez les libraires Porquet ; Dutot ; Cretaine

Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Communauté d'agglomération de La Rochelle. Médiathèque Michel-Crépeau
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/MMC16055-5
MMC16055-5

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Editions Bossard
Description : Recueil de morceaux choisis d'oeuvres poétiques haïtiennes du 19 ème et 20 ème siècle, en langue française et créole, véritables mozaïques linguistiques et stylistiques héritées de l'histoire tumultueuse d'Haïti.

Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Ville de Pointe-à-Pitre. Réseau des bibliothèques
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/PAP11095
PAP11095

Éditeur(s) : Springer
Résumé : Based on new multibeam bathymetric data, seismic-reflection profiles and side-scan sonar images, a great number of submarine failures of various types and sizes was identified along the northern margin of the Ligurian Basin and characterized with 3 distinct end-members concerning their location on the margin, sedimentary processes and possible triggering mechanisms. They include superficial landslides mainly located in the vicinity of the main mountain-supplied rivers and on the inner walls of canyons (typically smaller that 10(8) m(3) in volume: Type 1), deep scars 100-500 m high along the base of the continental slope (Type 2), and large-scale scars and Mass Transport Deposits (MTDs) affecting the upper part of the slope (Type 3 failures). The MTDs are located in different environmental contexts of the margin, including the deep Var Sedimentary Ridge (VSR) and the upper part of the continental slope in the Gulf of Genova (Finale Slide and Portofino Slide), with volumes of missing sediment reaching up to 1.5 x 10(9) m(3). High sedimentation rates related to hyperpycnal flows, faults and earthquake activity, together with sea-level fluctuations are the main factors invoked to explain the distribution and sizes of these different failure types.
Marine Geophysical Research (0025-3235) (Springer), 2011-03 , Vol. 32 , N. 1-2 , P. 225-243

Droits : Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15387/14028.pdf
DOI:10.1007/s11001-011-9123-3
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15387/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Microbiology Society
Résumé : International audience
An actinobacterial strain, designated ViU22(T), was isolated from a natural uranium-rich soil and was studied using a polyphasic approach. Cells formed orange-pigmented colonies, were rod-shaped, Gram-positive (non-staining method), non-motile and non-spore-forming. This organism grew in 0-4.5 % (w/v) NaCl and at 15-37 °C, with optimal growth occurring in 0.5 % (w/v) NaCl and at 30 °C. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the strain ViU22(T) belonged to the genus Microbacterium. It exhibited highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strains of Microbacterium testaceum (98.14 %) and Microbacterium binotii (98.02 %). The DNA-DNA relatedness of strains ViU22(T) with the most closely related type strains Microbacterium testaceum and Microbacterium binotii DSM 19164(T) was 20.10 % (± 0.70) and 28.05 % (± 0.35), respectively. Strain ViU22(T) possessed a type B2β peptidoglycan with partial substitution of glutamic acid by 3-hydroxy glutamic acid. The major menaquinones were MK-11 and MK-12. Major polar lipids detected in the strain ViU22(T) were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unknown phospholipid and unknown glycolipids. The predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0, a pattern reported for other Microbacterium species. The major cell-wall sugars were galactose, xylose and mannose and the DNA G+C content was 71 mol%. Together, the DNA-DNA hybridization results and the differentiating phenotypic characteristics, showed that strain ViU22(T) should be classified as the type strain of a novel species within the genus Microbacterium, for which the name Microbacterium lemovicicum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ViU22(T) ( = ATCC BAA-2396(T) = CCUG 62198(T) = DSM 25044(T)).
ISSN: 1466-5026

hal-01561095
https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01561095
PUBMED : 23264499
DOI : 10.1099/ijs.0.048454-0

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Pagnerre
Résumé : Rapport d'un abolitionniste sur la nomination des magistrats et l'incidence sur le sort des esclaves en matière de justice. Contient un tableau récapitulatif des magistrats avec leurs origines géographiques, leurs positions sociales, et des observations sur leurs orientations politiques. Livret a part d'une lettre aux députés
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Fondation Clément
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/FCL15017
FCL15017

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : The current interpretation of the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) involves the deposition of the so-called “peripheral or marginal” evaporites in onshore basins, as well as the erosion of the margins and the formation of thick evaporites in the deep parts of the basins. The present study focuses on intermediate depth basins, i.e. located between the onshore outcrops and the deep basins. Indeed, the Balearic Promontory shows small stepped basins filled with MSC deposits between its western extremity on the Alicante shelf and its eastern end around the Menorca block. New and already available seismic reflection profiles and onshore data allow us to investigate the nature and geometrical relationships of these deposits in the area between the islands of Ibiza and Mallorca.Our observations suggest the existence of three MSC-related units in this area. The lowermost transparent seismic unit can be interpreted as a 100 to 200-m-thick salt layer deposited in the deepest part of the Central Mallorca Depression. These evaporites pass laterally and upward into a thin-bedded seismic unit, which could be lithologically equivalent to the Upper Evaporites of the deep basins. All around the borders of the Central Mallorca Depression, this bedded seismic unit onlaps a Slope Unit which shows bedded to chaotic and rafted facies. The Messinian continental shelf is eroded and incised by a valley extending from the Palma onshore area to the Mallorca downslope domain.Our results suggest the presence offshore of at least two generations of diachronous MSC deposits. The observation of salt on a continental high and the widespread MSC deposits on the margins of the Central Mallorca Depression call into question the location of halite preferentially in the deep abyssal basins and the significance of the deep basin MSC units that onlap onto the Margin Erosional Surface (MES), as observed all around the passive margins of the Northwest-Mediterranean Basin. The dual terminology used for peripheral/deep MSC evaporites cannot be applied to any of the MSC units found in the study area.
ISSN: 0025-3227

hal-01115656
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01115656
DOI : 10.1016/j.margeo.2014.10.001

Éditeur(s) : Cayenne : Imprimerie du gouvernement
Résumé : Année 1868
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Guyane. Bibliothèque Alexandre-Franconie
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/FRA11256
FRA11256

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : We present new results from the MARADJA'03 cruise depicting the geological structures offshore central and western Algeria. Using swath bathymetry and seismic reflection data, we map and discuss the offshore limits of the Internal Zones corresponding to relics of the AIKaPeCa domain that drifted and collided the African plate during the Miocene. We identify large reverse faults and folds that reactivate part of these limits and are still active today. The morphology of the westernmost NE-SW margin suggests a former strike-slip activity accommodating a westward block translation responsible for the shift of the Internal Zones towards the Moroccan Rif.
Nous présentons les résultats récents de la campagne MARADJA'03, qui visent à mettre en évidence les structures géologiques dans le domaine marin au nord-ouest de l'Algérie. Grâce aux données de bathymétrie multifaisceau et de sismique réflexion, nous cartographions et discutons les limites en mer des Zones internes correspondant aux reliques du domaine AlKaPeCa qui a dérivé, puis est entré en collision avec la plaque africaine au Miocène. De grandes failles inverses et plis, actifs dans le champ de contrainte actuel, réactivent certaines de ces limites. La marge ouest-algérienne, orientée NE¿SW, indique la présence d'une ancienne activité en décrochement ayant accommodé la translation des Zones internes vers l'ouest.
Comptes Rendus Geoscience (1631-0713) (Elsevier), 2006 , Vol. 338 , N. 1-2 , P. 80-91

Droits : 2005 Académie des sciences Published by Elsevier SAS
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1211.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.crte.2005.11.009
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1211/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
Three soil DNA extraction procedures (homemade protocols and commercial kit) varying in their practicability were applied to contrasting soils to evaluate their efficiency in recovering: (i) soil DNA and (ii) bacterial diversity estimated by 16S rDNA pyrosequencing. Significant differences in DNA yield were systematically observed between tested procedures. For certain soils, 10 times more DNA was recovered with one protocol than with the others. About 15 000 sequences of 16S rDNA were obtained for each sample which were clustered to draw rarefaction curves. These curves, as well as the PCA ordination of community composition based on OTU clustering, did not reveal any significant difference between procedures. Nevertheless, significant differences between procedures were highlighted by the taxonomic identification of sequences obtained at the phylum to genus levels. Depending on the soil, differences in the number of genera detected ranged from 1% to 26% between the most and least efficient procedures, mainly due to a poorer capacity to recover populations belonging to Actinobacteria, Firmicutes or Crenarchaeota. This study enabled us to rank the relative efficiencies of protocols for their recovery of soil molecular microbial biomass and bacterial diversity and to help choosing an appropriate soil DNA extraction procedure adapted to novel sequencing technologies.
ISSN: 1751-7915

hal-01546177
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01546177
DOI : 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2011.00307.x

Éditeur(s) : Cayenne : Imprimerie du gouvernement
Résumé : Année 1847
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Guyane. Bibliothèque Alexandre-Franconie
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/FRA11263-1
FRA11263-1