Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy B
Résumé : International audience
AIMS: Indications for surgery in acute infective endocarditis (IE) are detailed in guidelines, but their application is not well known. We analysed the agreement between the patient's attending physicians and European Society of Cardiology guidelines regarding indications for surgery. We also assessed whether surgery was performed in patients who had an indication. METHODS AND RESULTS: From the 2008 prospective population-based French survey on IE, 303 patients with definite left-sided native IE were identified. For each case, we prospectively recorded (i) indication for surgery according to the attending physicians and (ii) indication for surgery according to guidelines. Surgery was indicated in 194 (65%) patients according to attending physicians and in 221 (73%) according to guidelines, while 139 (46%) underwent surgery. Agreement was moderate between attending physicians and guidelines (kappa 0.41-0.59) and between indication according to guidelines and the performance of surgery (kappa 0.38). Of the 90 (30%) patients not operated despite indication, contraindication to surgery was reported by the attending physicians in 42 (47%), and indication was not identified in 48 (53%). One-year survival was 76% in patients with indication and surgery performed (n = 131), 69% in patients without indication and no surgery (n = 74), 56% in patients with identified indication and contraindication to surgery (n = 42), and 60% in patients with no identified indication (n = 48; P = 0.059). CONCLUSION: Cardiac surgery during acute IE was recommended in almost three out of four patients, although fewer than half were actually operated. Indication was not acknowledged by the attending physicians in one out of six patients
ISSN: 0195-668X

hal-01255874
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01255874
DOI : 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv650
PUBMED : 26685134

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Mémorial ACTe Editions
Résumé : International audience
L'esclavage et la Traite Négrière dans la Caraibe et le Monde

hal-01613637
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01613637

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Although earthquakes and tsunamis are less frequent in the Dover Straitthan over active subduction zones, a plausible potential exists for intraplate earthquakes of magnitude Mw=6.9 generating a tsunami with damaging consequences. In April 1580, an earthquake shook the region violently and destructions were reported as far as London in the north andRouen in the south. Despite fair weather conditions, a series of abnormal sea waves was reported in several harbours (Calais, Boulogne and Dover) on the same day. A first step was to produce a range of numerical coseismic tsunami simulations and to compare them with historical witness accounts. Results raise the question of whether such earthquakes could also triggerchalk flow-generated tsunamis along cliff lines on both sides of the Strait. Gravity-driven collapses affect thechalk cliffs periodically, but local tsunami waves caused by very large mass movements could reach heights of several meters and, for example, strike Dover.
Proceedings of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering
Lisbonne, Portugal

halshs-01291496
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01291496

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Human Kinetics
Résumé : International audience
The purpose of the present experiment was to examine whether the use of self-handicapping strategies influences participants' anxiety levels before athletic performance. Seventy-one competitive basketball players participated in the study. A repeated measures design was used, such that state cognitive and somatic anxiety intensity and direction were measured before and after participants were given the opportunity to self-handicap. Overall, participants reported their cognitive anxiety to be more facilitating after they had the opportunity to self-handicap. Thus, participants who were given the opportunity to self-handicap (i.e., use claimed and behavioral self-handicaps), reported greater increases in perceptions of cog-nitive anxiety as facilitating their performance. This study shows the importance of looking at anxiety direction, and not just anxiety intensity, when examining self-handicapping's effects on anxiety. Implications for sport psychologists are proposed.
ISSN: 1543-2793

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
hal-01343255
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01343255
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01343255/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01343255/file/TSP%2007-54.%20Final%20Manuscript.Self-handicapping%20and%20Anxiety%20in%20Sport%20HAL.pdf
DOI : 10.1123/tsp.22.3.304

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Conférence MISTRALS PAELOMEX
Montpellier, France

hal-01683547
https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01683547

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD American Society of Clinical Oncology
Résumé : International audience
PURPOSE: Determining whether environmental estrogens are associated with the risk of prostate cancer may have important implications for our general understanding of this disease. The estrogenic insecticide chlordecone was used extensively in the French West Indies, contaminating the population for more than 30 years. We analyzed the relationship between exposure to chlordecone and the risk of prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We investigated 623 men with prostate cancer and 671 controls. Exposure was analyzed according to case-control status, using either current plasma concentration or a cumulative exposure index based on years of exposure. We genotyped two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3829125 and rs17134592) in the gene encoding chlordecone reductase. RESULTS: We found a significant increase in the risk of prostate cancer with increasing plasma chlordecone concentration (odds ratio [OR], 1.77; 95% CI, 1.21 to 2.58 for the highest tertile of values above the limit of detection [LD]; P trend = .002) and for cumulative exposure index (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.88 for the highest quartile; P trend = .004). Stronger associations were observed among those with a positive family history of prostate cancer and among those who had lived in a Western country. The rs3829125 and rs17134592 allele variants were in complete linkage disequilibrium and were found at low frequency (0.04). Among subjects with plasma chlordecone concentrations above the LD, carriers of the allele variants had a higher risk of prostate cancer (OR, 5.23; 95% CI, 0.82 to 33.32). CONCLUSION: These findings support the hypothesis that exposure to environmental estrogens increases the risk of prostate cancer.
ISSN: 0732-183X

inserm-00518099
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00518099
DOI : 10.1200/JCO.2009.27.2153
PUBMED : 20566993

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques
Résumé : International audience
Ouvrage collectif en hommage au départ à la retraite de Jacques Adélaide-Merlande, pionnier des études universitaires en histoire, premier président de l'Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, initiateur et membre fondateur de l'Association des Historiens de l a CaraibeLa publication a réuni 29 auteurs de nationalité et d'institutions différentes sur des thèmes divers autour de l'oeuvre de Jacques Adélaide-Merlande, ses centres d’intérêts et l'état des lieux de l'histoire antillaise.L'ouvrage comprend une recension complète des travaux de Jacques Adélaide-Merlande (à la date d’édition).
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01616020

hal-01616020
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01616020

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Field study, thermochronology and geochemistry of the east Lungmu Co (LMC) range highlight some of the geological events that shaped western Tibet. The LMC fault zone has long been interpreted as the boundary between the Tianshuihai terrane of Laurasian affinity and the Qiangtang block of Gondwanian affinity. In the LMC range, the Paleozoic series is intruded by the Mangtsa leucogranite whose zircon have a U/Pb age of 116.9 ± 1 Ma and by mafic rocks with U/Pb zircon ages ranging from 116.9 ± 1 to 95.1 ± 1.7 Ma. Geochemistry of the mafic rocks indicates that they have been emplaced in a supra-subduction zone setting, probably the north dipping Nujiang suture zone. 40Ar/39Ar micas ages of the granite indicate that cooling below ~ 350 °C occurred between 105 and 85 Ma. 40Ar/39Ar K-feldspar data suggest a fast cooling event at 60-55 Ma, which we relate to the reactivation of the LMC suture zone as a thrust at the onset of the India-Eurasia collision. The last, and still active, deformation event corresponds to left-lateral strike-slip faulting along the ENE-WSW LMC fault.
ISSN: 1342-937X

hal-00660491
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00660491
DOI : 10.1016/j.gr.2011.07.026

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Smoking only partly explains the higher lung cancer incidence observed among socially deprived people. Occupational exposures may account for part of these inequalities, but this issue has been little investigated. We investigated the extent to which smoking and occupational exposures to asbestos, silica and diesel motor exhaust mediated the association between education and lung cancer incidence in men. We analyzed data from a large French population-based case–control study (1976 lung cancers, 2648 controls). Detailed information on lifelong tobacco consumption and occupational exposures to various carcinogens was collected. We conducted inverse probability-weighted marginal structural models. A strong association was observed between education and lung cancer. The indirect effect through smoking varied by educational level, with the strongest indirect effect observed for those with the lowest education (OR = 1.34 (1.14–1.57)). The indirect effect through occupational exposures was substantial among men with primary (OR = 1.22 (1.15–1.30) for asbestos and silica) or vocational secondary education (OR = 1.18 (1.12–1.25)). The contribution of smoking to educational differences in lung cancer incidence ranged from 22 % (10–34) for men with primary education to 31 % (−3 to 84) for men with a high school degree. The contribution of occupational exposures to asbestos and silica ranged from 15 % (10–20) for men with a high school degree to 20 % (13–28) for men with vocational secondary education. Our results highlight the urgent need for public health policies that aim at decreasing exposure to carcinogens at work, in addition to tobacco control policies, if we want to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in the cancer field.
ISSN: 0393-2990

hal-01360240
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01360240
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01360240/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01360240/file/Menvielle_2016_Quantifying_the.pdf
PUBMED : 27417979

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group
Résumé : International audience
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) plays crucial roles in sexual differentiation and gonadal functions. However, the possible extragonadal effects of AMH on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis remain unexplored. Here we demonstrate that a significant subset of GnRH neurons both in mice and humans express the AMH receptor, and that AMH potently activates the GnRH neuron firing in mice. Combining in vivo and in vitro experiments, we show that AMH increases GnRH-dependent LH pulsatility and secretion, supporting a central action of AMH on GnRH neurons. Increased LH pulsatility is an important pathophysiological feature in many cases of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common cause of female infertility, in which circulating AMH levels are also often elevated. However, the origin of this dysregulation remains unknown. Our findings raise the intriguing hypothesis that AMH-dependent regulation of GnRH release could be involved in the pathophysiology of fertility and could hold therapeutic potential for treating PCOS
ISSN: 2041-1723

hal-01259206
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01259206
DOI : 10.1038/ncomms10055
PUBMED : 26753790

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Taylor & Francis (Routledge)
Résumé : International audience
This article presents the institutional implications and ideologies in the organisation of a Sports Movement for the disabled, whether a physical or sensory handicap, and focusing particular attention on its development in France, linked with international structures. The emergence and development in France of sports organisations for the disabled is based on a different model from that introduced in England by Guttmann through the Stoke Mandeville Games. From the 1960s, both trends, one supported by physicians and the other by individuals concerned with disabilities, structured the International Movement as a contest of negotiations and competition. The objective of rehabilitating paraplegics put in place at Stoke Mandeville gradually gave way to a sport rational and the integration of all types of disability within the Movement. The desire to unite in a single organisation was the driving force of the Movement in its search for dual recognition, on the one hand, as the representative of all physical and sensory deficiencies and, on the other, by the able-bodied sports councils and, in particular, the International Olympic Committee. However, this raised a number of issues inherent to any deficiency when taking into account its specific peculiarities.
ISSN: 0952-3367

hal-01681857
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01681857
DOI : 10.1080/09523367.2014.931842

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 0012-821X

hal-01671315
https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01671315
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2017.10.051

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
CMAS 3D, developed in MATLAB (R), is a program to support visualization of major element chemical data in three dimensions. Such projections are used to discuss correlations, metamorphic reactions and the chemical evolution of rocks, melts or minerals. It can also project data into 2D plots. The CMAS 3D interface makes it easy to use, and does not require any knowledge of Matlab (R) programming. CMAS 3D uses data compiled in a Microsoft Excel (TM) spreadsheet. Although useful for scientific research, the program is also a powerful tool for teaching.
ISSN: 0098-3004

hal-00413570
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00413570
DOI : 10.1016/j.cageo.2008.07.002

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Excess gas phase in magmas erupting explosively is well known worldwide. However, the origin of this gas phase, in excess of what can be dissolved in the erupting magma at depth, and the rate of gas accumulation is less well defined. The 2010 mildly explosive eruption at Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland, produced mingled tephra of benmoreitic and trachytic composition whereas alkali basalt was emitted during preceding flank eruption. Tephra of the first explosive phase are composed of three glass types, alkaline rhyolite, mixed benmoreite, and basalt, which suggests that the basaltic magma intruded a pre-existing rhyolitic magma chamber, and ultimately triggered the eruption. The mixed benmoreitic tephra (erupted on 15 and 17 April 2010) had large 210Po in excess of 210Pb View the MathML source[(Po210/Pb210)0=1.88] at the time of eruption, and possibly a small 210Pb excess over its parent 226Ra. In contrast, the preceding flank eruption produced basalt with View the MathML source(Po210)0=0, upon eruption, and the final trachyte had lost most of its 210Po during open-system degassing. The 210Po excess in the first erupted benmoreites is interpreted to result from 210Po degassing of basaltic magma and the accumulation of 210Po-enriched gas, either in the upper part of the basaltic intrusion, below the rhyolite–basalt interface, or in the pre-existing residual rhyolitic magma chamber. From a simple model of radon and polonium accumulation in the rhyolitic reservoir, the ratio of the mass of basalt magma degassing over the mass of magma accumulating the excess gas decreased from 20 to 15 over 2 days, implying zoned magma reservoir, with the uppermost and gas-richest part erupting first. The duration of pre-eruptive gas accumulation in this model is approximately one year. This corresponds closely to the initiation of a seismic swarm beneath Eyjafjallajökull, early June 2009, which was the first pre-eruptive signal detected. The coincidence between initiation of gas accumulation at relatively shallow depth and deeper seismicity strongly suggests that the excess gas phase originated from a basalt magma batch intruded at depth, and that this gas phase reached the surface approximately a year later.
ISSN: 0012-821X

hal-01217142
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01217142
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.06.054

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
In northeastern Vietnam, the major tectonic episode responsible for nappes emplacement is Triassic. These allochtonous structures are intruded by granitic melts. Two post-tectonic massifs showing no sign of deformation have been dated by the LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb techniques. Dating reveals a multiphase history with zircon cores showing evidence of Proterozoic magmatism. The emplacement of the Phia Bioc granite intrusive in allochtonous units is 248-245 Ma, an age which assesses a younger limit for the major nappes tectonic. This tectonic could be synchronous of the tectonometamorphic strike-slip faulting events (250-245 Ma) defined in the Truong Son Belt as the Indosinian orogen. The Phia Bioc intrusion is probably linked with the intra-plate magmatism of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province or with magma- tism associated with the Paleotethys closure. The age of the Phia Oac granite intrusion in displaced units is much younger, at 87.3 ± 1.2 Ma. This granite is probably linked to the magmatic activity produced dur- ing the Paleo-Pacific plate subduction under the SE Asia continental plate during the Mesozoic. Although the Cenozoic Red River fault system is close to these two plutons, this last thermotectonic episode has not been strong enough to disturb the U/Pb system. Zircons rims do not show any Tertiary magmatic or meta- morphic overprint.
ISSN: 0743-9547

hal-00681725
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00681725
DOI : 10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.12.012

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Until recently, our ability to implement and assess spatial marine management approaches has been limited by a lack of information regarding processes that bind marine ecosystems, including habitat locations, larval and adult movement, trophic interactions, and fisher behavior. However, recent advances in habitat-mapping technologies, genetics, marine microchemistry, animal tracking and numerical modeling have greatly enhanced our knowledge of these processes. Although these advances have yet to be fully integrated into management decisions, they have the potential to revolutionize spatial marine management. Nevertheless, this revolution will require advances in our ability to share and integrate data into models of marine ecosystems.
ISSN: 1877-3435

hal-00609464
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00609464
DOI : 10.1016/j.cosust.2010.02.002

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Background Mycobacterium ulcerans infection is the third most common mycobacterial disease in the world after tuberculosis and leprosy. To date, transmission pathways from its environmental reservoir to humans are still unknown. In South America, French Guiana has the highest reported number of M ulcerans infections across the continent. This empirical study aimed to characterise the epidemiology of M ulcerans infection in French Guiana between 1969 and 2013.MethodsData were collected prospectively mainly by two dermatologists at Cayenne Hospital’s dermatologydepartment between Jan 1, 1969, and Dec 31, 2013, for age, date of diagnosis, sex, residence, location of the lesion,type of lesion, associated symptoms, and diagnostic method (smear, culture, PCR, or histology) for all confirmed andsuspected cases of M ulcerans. We obtained population data from censuses. We calculated mean M ulcerans infectionincidences, presented as the number of cases per 100 000 person-years.Findings 245 patients with M ulcerans infections were reported at Cayenne Hospital’s dermatology department duringthe study period. M ulcerans infection incidence decreased over time, from 6·07 infections per 100 000 person-years(95% CI 4·46–7·67) in 1969–83 to 4·77 infections per 100 000 person-years (3·75–5·79) in 1984–98 and to3·49 infections per 100 000 person-years (2·83–4·16) in 1999–2013. The proportion of children with infections alsodeclined with time, from 42 (76%) of 55 patients in 1969–83 to 26 (31%) of 84 in 1984–98 and to 22 (21%) of 106 in1999–2013. Most cases occurred in coastal areas surrounded by marshy savannah (incidence of 21·08 per100 000 person-years in Sinnamary and 21·18 per 100 000 person-years in Mana). Lesions mainly affected limbs (lowerlimbs 161 [66%] patients; upper limbs 60 [24%] patients). We diagnosed no bone infections.Interpretation The decrease of M ulcerans infection incidence and the proportion of children with infections over a45 year period in this ultra-peripheral French territory might have been mostly driven by improving living conditions,prophylactic recommendations, and access to health care.
The Lancet Planetary Health

inserm-01545603
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01545603
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01545603/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01545603/file/2017%2C%20Douine%20-%20Mycobacterium%20ulcerans%20infection%20%28Buruli%20ulcer%29.pdf
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01545603/file/Comments.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Treatment failure and symptomatic relapse are major concerns in American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL). Such complications are seen frequently in L.guyanensis infections where patients respond variously to first-line anti-leishmanials and are more prone to develop chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis. The factors underlying this pathology, however, are unknown. Recently ,: we reported that a dsRNA virus (LRV1) nested within L.guyanensis parasites is able to exacerbate experimental murine leishmaniasis by inducing a hyper-inflammatory response. This report investigates the prevalence of LRV1 in human L.guyanensis infection and its effect on treatment efficacy as well as its correlation to symptomatic relapses after the first-line treatment. In our cohort of 75 patients diagnosed with primary-localised ATL, the prevalence of LRV1+ infection was elevated to 58%. All patients infected with LRV1-negative L.guyanensis were cured after one (22/31 i.e.71%) or two (31/31 i.e.100%) doses of pentamidine. Oppositely, 12 out of the 44 LRV1-positive patients presented with persistent infection and symptomatic relapse required extended therapy and the use of second-line drugs. Finally, LRV1 presence was associated with a significant increase in intra-lesional inflammatory markers. In conclusion, LRV1 status in L.guyanensis infection is significantly predictive (p=0.0009) of first-line treatment failure and symptomatic relapse, and could stand to guide therapeutic choices in ATL
Journal of Infectious Diseases

hal-01175528
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01175528
DOI : 10.1093/infdis/jiv355
PUBMED : 26123564

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
OBJECTIVES: Invasive fungal disease (IFD) remains a major concern in patients with haematological conditions. We describe diagnoses, therapeutic management and outcomes in unselected consecutive patients from haematological facilities treated for suspected or documented IFD. METHODS: In this observational prospective study, children/adults with haematological conditions or haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were recruited upon start of non-prophylactic systemic antifungal treatment in 37 French haematological facilities (December 2007 to December 2008). IFD episodes were classified according to the 2008 EORTC/MSG criteria. RESULTS: The cohort included 419 patients (298 adults and 121 children): 88% haematological malignancies, 28% HSCT recipients and 68% neutropenic. Patients had 423 IFD episodes: 21% mycologically documented (59% probable/proven aspergillosis, 32% proven candidiasis and 9% probable/proven other IFD) and 20% classified as possible IFD. The remaining cases were assigned to two groups: febrile neutropenia (34%) and unclassified (25%), 9% of which were classified as possible/probable/proven IFD by day 7. Treatment was thus initiated early in 59% of patients; liposomal amphotericin B and caspofungin were the most common single-agent therapies. The 12 week mortality was 18% for probable/proven aspergillosis, 15% for proven candidiasis, 10% for probable/proven other IFD, 9% for possible IFD, 3% for febrile neutropenia and 12% for unclassified episodes (log rank P = 0.016); it was dependent on age, complete remission of underlying haematological disease and mechanical ventilation. CONCLUSIONS: In this comprehensive sample of haematological patients receiving antifungal treatment, we observe a widespread resort to early therapy and a low mortality rate, including in patients with probable or proven IFD.
ISSN: 0305-7453

hal-00874741
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00874741
DOI : 10.1093/jac/dks266
PUBMED : 22850692

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : For operational forecasts anticipate convective inhibition processes is as important than convective initiation processes. Based on the 15th July 2007 case study this work shows how the morning shallow convection over the Vosges is inhibited while it develops over the Black Forest. This case occurs during IOP 8b of the Convective and Orographically-Induced Precipitation Study (COPS). This international field campaign took place during the summer of 2007 over the Vosges, the Rhine Valley and the Black-Forest. The aim of this intensive observation campaign was to study various phases of convection and convective environment and improve quantitative precipitation forecasts. Thanks to GPS tomography data the study show the differences of low-level water-vapor variability between Vosges and Black-Forest. The analysis of ground based and airborne lidar data suggests the importance of dry air layers advected from the south and the influence of the mountains and diurnal cycle of mountain breeze which interfere strongly with these layers preventing the dry air to reach the eastern side of the mountain and the Black Forest. This dynamics is confirmed by models, wind profiler and radiosounding data. So we show how the inhibition of the convection over the Vosges during this case study can be explained with the water vapor variability due to advection and local boundary layer processes.
31st ICAM (International Conference on Alpine Meteorology)
Aviemore, United Kingdom

hal-00668829
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00668829