Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : Herbivorous (20% vegetable protein, 40% carbohydrate) and carnivorous diets (40% marine animal protein, 20% carbohydrate) were experimentally tested to assess their effect on the energy balance and energetic substrates utilized by postlarvae (PL's /15 days) and juvenile shrimp (3-6 g) of Litopenaeus vannamei. Postlarval stage 60 (PL60, early juveniles) shrimps fed HeD and CaD diets, then late juveniles (3-6 g) acclimated to the same diets were tested for their respective energy partitioning potential. No significant differences (p>0.05) on growth were obtained in early juveniles (mean final wet weight of 0.19 g). However in late juvenile stages a significant difference (p<0.05) in growth rate was observed. In terms of energy partitioning, both early and late juveniles seem to spend more energy in respiratory metabolism than in the elimination of excretion products. A change in feed composition based on quality protein sources induced some modifications on shrimp's activity measured by heat increment. Shrimps fed with an herbivorous diet showed a higher heat increment. Interestingly, the early stages of L vannamei display a remarkable capacity to assimilate a plant protein-based and a high carbohydrate level diet. Such capacity with a stimulation of genes would lead to a good adaptation of juveniles receiving all-plant diets to sustain growth performances up to a marketable size. The implications of these findings for the shrimp farming feeding costs are briefly discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Aquaculture (0044-8486) (Elsevier), 2009-11 , Vol. 296 , N. 1-2 , P. 123-128

Droits : 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-7402.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.08.007
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/7402/

Éditeur(s) : Springer
Résumé : Proteinases from hepatopancreas (HP) and gastric juice (GJ) from wild and cultured red octopus (Octopus maya) were characterized. Hepatopancreas assays revealed optimal activity at pH 4, 9-10 and 10 for wild and pH 3, 8, and 9, for cultured octopuses, for total proteinases, trypsin and chymotrypsin, respectively. In the gastric juice, maximum activity was recorded at pH 6, 8, and 7 for total proteinases, trypsin, and chymotrypsin, respectively for both wild and cultured octopus. A reduction on enzyme activity of 70 and 20% was observed in HP and GJ extracts, respectively when protease inhibitor Pepstatin A was used. That result suggests that the main proteases in the HP were aspartic acid proteinases type (possibly Cathepsin D) and some of them were present in the GJ. Dissociating discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed activity bands between 20 and 28, 30 and 34, 35 and 45, 60 and 70 kDa, and a last one between 75 and 100 kDa. We concluded that extracellular digestion of O. maya takes place in an acid environment, around pH 6. In contrast, intracellular digestion in the HP is developed at pHs between 3 and 4, where cathepsin D could be the most important enzyme for O. maya.
Aquaculture International (0967-6120) (Springer), 2011-06 , Vol. 19 , N. 3 , P. 445-457

Droits : Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00036/14683/17998.pdf
DOI:10.1007/s10499-010-9360-5
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00036/14683/

Éditeur(s) : Actes de colloques Ifremer, Tahiti, French Polynesia, 20 Feb - 4 Mar 1989, n°9, chap. 38, pp.405-412
Résumé : The selection of ingredients is a high priority for formulating and processing shrimp feeds. One of these selected ingredients is fishmeal which represents 30-40 percent of the whole formulae. It is reviewed some specifications on fishmeal quality in order to determine which one is the best among white and brown fishmeal.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1465.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1465/

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : A study was conducted using a bioenergetics approach to generate information on energy requirement and feed utilization of Litopenaeus stylirostris. Animals (initial mean weight 21 +/- 1 g were fed ad libitum six experimental diets, ranging from 25 to 58% crude protein (CP), for 50 days. Weight gain increased from 21 to 30 g with increasing dietary protein level. Survival rates averaged 80%. Basal metabolism (HeE) and heat increment of feeding (HiE) were monitored using respirometry. HeE was on average I U shrimp(-1) day(-1) or 47 U kg live weight(-1) day (22 kJ/kg(0.8). d(-1)), slightly more than what is observed in fish. HiE averaged 0.2 W/sbrimp(-1) day(-1) or 10 W kg live weight(-1) day(-1) (4 kJ/kg(0.8) d(-1)). It represented 3 1 % and 12% digestible energy intake (DET) for shrimp fed on 58% CP and 25% CP diet respectively. Non-fecal (UE + ZE) energy calculated on the basis of N-ammonia excretion averaged 0.2 jig N-ammonia/g dry wt./ mn or 25 J live shrimp(-1) day(-1) in fasting stage and increased to 40 J in post-prandial stage. Ammonia production increased with increasing dietary crude protein (CP). The O:N ratio indicated that protein was increasingly used as an energy substrate as CP increased. The information was used to construct an energy budget for shrimp fed a protypical 40% CP diet. Gross energy intake (IE) was estimated at 6.5 W live shrimp(-1) day(-1); digestible energy intake (DEI) at 5, urinary and branchial excretion (UE +ZE) at 1.2, total heat production (HE) at 3.2; recovered energy (RE) at 0.6 (or 11% DEI). L. stylirostris adults issued from domesticated strain appeared to be more efficiently utilizing (i.e. converting into carcass energy) protein than carbohydrates. This preliminary energy budget can be used to construct theoretical feed requirement and waste outputs model for L. stylirostris. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Aquaculture (0044-8486) (Elsevier), 2007-10 , Vol. 271 , N. 1-4 , P. 439-448

Droits : 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-6263.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.05.062
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/6263/

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier Science Bv
Résumé : The advantages of FLOC over clear water (CW) in rearing juvenile L. vannamei and its effects on Vibrio communities were evaluated. Survival rate in FLOC and clear water were recorded and a probiotic was tested under both conditions. Daily growth rate (DGR) was higher in FLOC (p < 0.05) than in CW. Survival in each system increased significantly when a probiotic was included in the diet (p < 0.05). The Vibrionaceae community from the hepatopancreas (HP) and the culture medium did not differ between the two culture media. Nevertheless, a novel group of Vibrio strains was found to be unique to FLOC. No high level of lesions was observed in shrimp tissues from the FLOC + probiotic treatment; it suggests that the probiotic contributed to homeostasis and prevented outbreak of opportunistic pathogenic species.
Aquaculture (0044-8486) (Elsevier Science Bv), 2014-03 , Vol. 424 , P. 215-219

Droits : 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00173/28379/26694.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.01.008
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00173/28379/

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier Science Bv
Résumé : A 30-day trial was performed to evaluate the reproductive performance of wild and 2nd generation domesticated Farfantepenaeus duorarum broodstock. Changes in biochemical composition and fatty acids (FA) profile in the 1st and 4th spawn order females were used as indicators of nutritional condition. Wild population of F. duorarum presented significantly better reproductive outcomes as compared to domesticated ones. Wild spawners achieved significantly higher number of eggs per spawn, number of egg per spawn per g of spawner's body weight and number of nauplii per spawn (P<0.05). Latency period was significantly shorter (P<0.05) for wild than for domesticated females (11 vs 17 days). Wild spawners also presented less mortality (6 vs 12%), higher number of total spawns (51 vs 33), spawns per ablated and per spawning females as well as higher total eggs and nauplii production. On the other hand, domesticated females presented higher number of females that spawned at least once (89 vs 76%). The higher spawning activity was reflected in lower levels of acylglycerides (AG) and cholesterol content in wild hepatopancreas (HP) and ovary (OV) (P<0.05). FA profile, mainly represented by ARA, EPA and sum of n-3 were higher in hepatopancreas and ovary of wild females, however lower levels were detected in eggs as a result of a high spawning activity. Multivariate analysis performed to detected simultaneous variation in biochemical variables indicated AG as variation pattern's responsive. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Aquaculture (0044-8486) (Elsevier Science Bv), 2012-05 , Vol. 344 , P. 194-204

Droits : 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00079/19042/17214.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.03.014
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00079/19042/

Éditeur(s) : Blackwell science
Résumé : Peneid shrimp are commonly reared in clear-water aquaria or tanks for short-term studies of 4-6 weeks during controlled experiments, such as nutrition studies to estimate dietary nutrient requirements. Recently, in line with the genetic program at Centre Oceanologique du Pacifique (COP), experimental clear-water facilities were tested for the first time over a longer rearing period. Environmental conditions used to maintain animal growth in clear-water system using a well-balanced diet were defined. After 100 days, shrimp growth rates tended to decrease and only by adjusting the diet could shrimp complete their life cycle and reach maturation size of around 40 g. This paper presents information on stocking density, diet quality and husbandry linked to reproduction that must be considered to successfully rear animals from PL's to breeder size in clear water. By following these protocols a minimum amount of breeders can be used to meet production goals. Moreover, by isolating a small group of individuals, genetic diversity can be preserved, thereby allowing specific crosses for selective breeding purposes. Length of trials, amount of feed, composition of feed, growth performances and maturation success are reported and should encourage further studies to optimize rearing conditions in clear-water rearing.
Aquaculture Research (1355-557X) (Blackwell science), 2004-11 , Vol. 35 , N. 13 , P. 1244-1252

Droits : 2004 Blackwell Synergy
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-619.pdf
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2004.01145.x
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/619/

Éditeur(s) : Wiley-blackwell Publishing, Inc
Résumé : Red shrimp, Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis, larvae's response to different concentrations of live foods (diatoms Chaetoceros gracilis: 20-100 x 103 cells/mL; flagellate Tetraselmis chuii: 2-10 x 103 cells/mL and Artemia nauplii [NA]: 1-5 NA/mL) was investigated in three experiments. Experimental assessments were based on four variables: survival rate, weight gain, development index (DI), and resistance to salinity stress. A combination of C. gracilis 80 x 103 cells/mL, T. chuii 2 x 103 cells/mL, and Artemia 4 NA/mL provided the best experimental response. Specifically, F. brasiliensis larvae fed with the above-mentioned optimal concentrations of microalgae and Artemia grew faster and reached the postlarval stage in less time (168 h) than larvae in other feeding regimes evaluated. The effect of C. gracilis concentration on larval growth, survival, and the DI demonstrated that microalgae-based foods could be a highly productive alternative to more traditional aquaculture feeding regimes.
Journal Of The World Aquaculture Society (0893-8849) (Wiley-blackwell Publishing, Inc), 2010-06 , Vol. 41 , N. 3 , P. 402-410

Droits : Copyright by the World Aquaculture Society 2010
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00028/13928/11639.pdf
DOI:10.1111/j.1749-7345.2010.00381.x
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00028/13928/