Éditeur(s) : CRILLASH : Centre de Recherches Interdisciplinaires en Lettres, Langues, Arts et Sciences Humaines CRPLC : Centre de Recherche sur les Pouvoirs Locaux dans la Caraïbe CRILLASH : Centre de Recherches Interdisciplinaires en Lettres, Langues, Arts et Sciences Humaines CRPLC : Centre de Recherche sur les Pouvoirs Locaux dans la Caraïbe
Extrait de : "Qu'est-ce que la pensée postcoloniale ?" : colloque, du 23 au 25 novembre 2015. Université des Antilles
Description : Dans le cadre du colloque consacré à la pensée postcoloniale, Jean-Pierre SAINTON (professeur d'histoire, Université des Antilles) propose une réflexion sure « penser la colonisation et l'après ». Il souligne le manque de lisibilité de la relation coloniale et de la césure entre le monde antinomique. Il rappelle que la métropole coloniale n'existe et ne prend sens que parce qu'elle aura pensé autour d'elle sa constellation de « petites France d'Outre-mer » et, inversement, des colonisés ont trouvé leur place et se sont épanoui dans l'univers mental culturel et politique du centre colonisateur qu'ils ont contribué à leur tour à cimenter.

Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V16030
V16030
V16030

Éditeur(s) : CRILLASH : Centre de Recherches Interdisciplinaires en Lettres, Langues, Arts et Sciences Humaines
Extrait de : "Le reggae et Bob Marley" : séminaire, le 11 mai 2011. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane
Description : Monsieur Jérémie Kroubo-Dagnini nous propose un voyage musical sur l'histoire des musiques populaires jamaïcaines, à travers le Mento, le Shuffle, le Ska, le Rock Steady, le Reggae, le Dub, le Toasting et le Dance Hall qui ont rythmé l'histoire de la Jamaïque. Ainsi que l'impact de la musique jamaïcaine dans le monde.
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 20
Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V11089
V11089

Éditeur(s) : UNDP Guyana UNDP Guyana ( Guyana )
Résumé : (Funding) Support for the development of the technical infrastructure and partner training provided by the United States Department of Education TICFIA program.
While the global response to HIV and AIDS has realized several successes in achieving universal access to prevention, care and treatment to date, challenges persist in ensuring equal access to these services for most at risk populations. The epidemiology of HIV reflects a stark disparity in access to prevention and treatment services for neglected most-at risk populations, such as men who have sex with men (MSM). World-wide, MSM often experience higher rates of HIV relative to the total population. The reasons for this dynamic are multi-faceted and include high risk behaviors, and cultural as well as structural barriers. For MSM in developing countries, for example, basic services for prevention and treatment of HIV infection have yet to reach the large majority of men. Homophobia and discrimination limit access of MSM to prevention services and markedly increase vulnerability, as do criminalization of same-sex behavior. Decriminalization of same-sex behavior is a structural intervention for prevention of HIV infection and has recently been embraced by a nonbinding statement from the United Nations (Beyrer C,Clin Infect Dis. 2010 May 15;50 Suppl 3:S108-13) In the Caribbean, all of the above mentioned barriers exist. In fact, recent evidence demonstrates that there is a correlation between the decriminalization of homosexuality and lower rates of HIV (UNAIDS). This correlation is attributed to improved access to services. Therefore, The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) has recently launched an initiative to address the current situation regarding men who have sex with men in Guyana where the HIV prevalence in this population is 19.4% in contrast to 1.8% in the total population. This rapid assessment has been commissioned to supplement two previous studies that were conducted in Guyana in informing the design of upcoming activities to support local capacity building to enhance access to services and respect for the human rights protections for MSM. Unfortunately, in Guyana, like much of the Caribbean, MSM tend to be a hard to reach population, perhaps due to elevated levels of stigma and discrimination and difficulty in accessing men who might participate in high risk same sex behaviors yet do not self-identify as an MSM. As a result, there is a relative paucity of data concerning the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of this total population in Guyana. (i.e. those who self –identify and those who do not) The baseline report is organized as follows: the methodology is explained followed by the study limitations, the review (literature and desk). The report then proceeds with describing the reality of work and working with sexual and gender minorities in Guyana, the status quo and entry points. The main findings of the capacity assessment and focus groups are then discussed. Issues relating to the uniformed forces and health services providers are then presented followed by discussions and conclusions.

Droits : All rights reserved by the source institution.

Résumé : This document is mainly a catalogue of the different types of fishing gears noticed all around Martinique during a ten years period (1985-1994)The technical description of these gears and their plans are presented, according to FAO standards. Besides these descriptions, the origins of the introduction in Martinique of the main categories of gears are related .Moreover,, the operating conditions of each fishing gear as well as the targeted species are dealt with. In addition, recent gears and techniques such as fishing aggregating devices (FADs) and associated fishing techniques are described. These ones appeared in Guadeloupe and Martinique during the last eighties years. Furthermore, the main characteristics of the martinican fishing fleet structure are mentioned at the beginning of this work, with a special attention to dug-out canoes, because of their progressive disappearance.
Cet ouvrage est essentiellement un catalogue des différents types d'engins de pêche observés le long du littoral de la Martinique, entre 1985 et 1994. Les caractéristiques techniques de ces: engins et leurs plans sont présentés selon les normes FAO. En dehors de ces descriptions, on s'est à chaque fois que possible attaché à rappeler l'introduction à la Martinique des grandes catégories d'engins de pêche. En outre, les conditions pratiques de mise en oeuvre de chaque engin ainsi que les principales espèces recherchées sont précisées au mieux. Sont également décrits des engins et techniques récents,tels que les dispositifs de concentration de poissons (DCP) et des techniques de pèche qui leur sont associées, apparues dans les eaux de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique à la fin des années quatre vingt. Enfin, les grands traits de la structure de la flottille de pêche martiniquaise sont rappelés en début d'ouvrage, avec un développement particulier pour les gommiers, en raison de leur disparition progressive.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/rapport-1120.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1120/

Éditeur(s) : Archives départementales de la Martinique
Résumé : Adjudant général, député de Saint-Domingue au conseil des cinq-cents
5Fi88
Saint-Pierre
Saint-Domingue
Haïti

Droits : Reproduction soumise à autorisation
http://www.patrimoines-martinique.org/ark:/35569/a011414681896ReG2lT

Éditeur(s) : Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh
Résumé : The distributions of the bio-essential trace element dissolved cobalt (DCo) and the apparent particulate Co (PCo) are presented along the GEOTRACES-A02 deep section from 64(o) N to 50(o) S in the western Atlantic Ocean (longest section of international GEOTRACES marine environment program). PCo was determined as the difference between total cobalt (TCo, unfiltered samples) and DCo. DCo concentrations ranged from 14.7 pM to 94.3 pM, and PCo concentrations from undetectable values to 18.8 pM. The lowest DCo concentrations were observed in the subtropical domains, and the highest in the low-oxygenated Atlantic Central Waters (ACW), which appears to be the major reservoir of DCo in the western Atlantic. In the Antarctic Bottom Waters, the enrichment in DCo with aging of the water mass can be related to suspension and redissolution of bottom sediments a well as diffusion of DCo from abyssal sediments. Mixing and dilution of deep water masses, rather than scavenging of DCo onto settling particles, generated the meridional decrease of DCo along the southward large-scale circulation in the deep western Atlantic. Furthermore, the apparent scavenged profile of DCo observed in the deep waters likely resulted from the persistence of relatively high concentrations in intermediate waters and low DCo concentrations in underlaying bottom waters. We suggest that the 2010 Icelandic volcanic eruption could have been a source of DCo that could have been transported into the core of the Northeast Atlantic Deep Waters. At intermediate depths, the high concentrations of DCo recorded in the ACW linearly correlated with the apparent utilization of oxygen (AOU), indicating that remineralization of DCo could be significant (representing up to 37% of the DCo present). Furthermore, the preferential remineralization of phosphate (P) compared to Co in these low-oxygenated waters suggests a decoupling between the deep cycles of P and Co. The vertical diffusion of DCo from the ACW appears to be a significant source of DCo into the surface waters of the equatorial domain. Summarizing, the dilution due to mixing processes rather than scavenging of DCo and the above-mentioned remineralization could be the two major pathways controlling the cycling of DCo into the intermediate and deep western Atlantic.
Biogeosciences (1726-4170) (Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh), 2014 , Vol. 11 , N. 6 , P. 1561-1580

Droits : Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00241/35223/33727.pdf
DOI:10.5194/bg-11-1561-2014
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00241/35223/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : Au Venezuela, comme dans d'autres pays d'Amérique latine, « l'accès à l'eau pour tous » constitue une cause de tensions entre la société civile et les pouvoirs publics. De plus, la croissance rapide de l'urbanisation, souvent de manière désorganisée, selon des critères de planification urbaine, se caractérise par une déficience en réseaux d'adduction d'eau et (encore plus) en réseaux d'assainisse-ment. Cette situation est accentuée dans les quartiers urbains les plus défavorisés, qualifiés officiellement de « marginaux » jusqu'à la fin des années 1990. Ces territoires urbains représentent environ les deux tiers de la population urbaine du Venezuela, en sachant que ce pays, avec un taux d'urbanisation de l'ordre de 85 %, fait partie du peloton de tête des pays urbanisés de l'Amérique latine. A partir de 1999, la nouvelle Constitution intitulée « Constitution bolivarienne » met en avant la société civile de façon plus explicite. Les habitants des barrios 1 symbolisent alors, dans ce texte de référence ainsi que dans les discours du président de la République bolivarienne Hugo Frias Chavez, une société civile qui a contribué au changement de régime politique et à l'impulsion d'un programme poli-tique se qualifiant de « socialisme du XXI e siècle ». L'accès à l'eau et à l'assainissement rentre dans les priorités du programme économique et social de ce nouveau gouvernement, visant à diminuer rapidement la pauvreté et à améliorer nettement l'accès à un service urbain de qualité. Dans ce contexte, ces mesures se réalisent dans le cadre de « missions » 2 financées par l'Etat dans les domaines de la santé, de l'éducation etc. Le secteur de l'eau s'avère donc un secteur clé de l'intervention sociale, qu'elle se concrétise par la mobilisation de la société civile et/ou par l'implication des pouvoirs publics. Par « intervention sociale », nous nous intéressons au mode de participation d'acteurs de la société civile ou de représentants de collectivités locales etc. Par « mobilisation », nous considérons tout rassemblement de personnes qui se tra-duit par une mise en action commune.
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01133636

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
hal-01133636
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01133636
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01133636/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01133636/file/A%20P%C3%A9n%C3%A9-Annette%20com_colloque%20intervention%20PRINTEMPS%20au%2024%2002%202013.pdf

Résumé : Letter mentions Bahama workers (workers from the Bahamas).

http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00009755/00017

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Geological Society of America
Résumé : If the net flux to the island arc crust is primitive arc basalt, the evolved composition of most arc magmas entails the formation of complementary thick ultramafic keels at the root of the island arc crust. Dunite, wehrlite, and Cr-rich pyroxenite from the Jijal complex, constituting the Moho transition zone of the Kohistan paleo–island arc (northern Pakistan), are often mentioned as an example of high-pressure cumulates formed by intracrustal fractionation of mantle-derived melts, which were later extracted to form the overlying mafic crust. Here we show that calculated liquids for Jijal pyroxenites-wehrlites are strongly rare earth element (REE) depleted and display flat or convex-upward REE patterns. These patterns are typical of boninites and are therefore unlike those of the overlying mafic crust that have higher REE concentrations and are derived from light rare earth element (LREE)–enriched melts similar to island arc basalt. This observation, along with the lower 208Pb/204Pb and 206Pb/204Pb ratios of Jijal pyroxenites-wehrlites relative to gabbros, rejects the hypothesis that gabbros and ultramafic rocks derive from a common melt via crystal fractionation. In the 208Pb/204Pb versus 206Pb/204Pb diagram, ultramafic rocks and gabbros lie on the same positive correlation, suggesting that their sources share a common enriched mantle 2 (EM2) signature but with a major depleted component contribution for the ultramafic rocks. These data are consistent with a scenario whereby the Jijal ultramafic section represents a Moho transition zone formed via melt-rock reaction between subarc mantle and incoming melt isotopically akin to Jijal gabbroic rocks. The lack in the Kohistan arc of cogenetic ultramafic cumulates complementary to the evolved mafic plutonic rocks implies either (1) that a substantial volume of such ultramafic cumulates was delaminated or torn out by subcrustal mantle flow from the base of the arc crust in extraordinarily short time scales (0.10–0.35 cm/yr), or (2) that the net flux to the Kohistan arc crust was more evolved than primitive arc basalt.
ISSN: 0091-7613

hal-00406688
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00406688
DOI : 10.1130/G23675A.1

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles Études caribéennes
Résumé : Afin de comprendre en quoi la patrimonialisation est susceptible de révéler un lien avec la notion politique et institutionnelle de développement, nous étudions les modalités savantes de fabrication du site de Teotihuacán, son insertion dans un récit national puis les formes de son internationalisation par le biais de son inscription, en 1987, sur la liste du patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco. Nous détaillons les liens entre l’archéologie nationale et l’anthropologie historique, ainsi que leur rapport à l’espace et aux territoires des cultures précolombiennes. Ainsi l' étude révèle que le lien historique avec le passé des populations précolombiennes mis au jour par la patrimonialisation du site a permis le rapprochement des deux composantes de l’identité mexicaine contemporaine, indienne et hispanique. Nous présentons ensuite, à partir de l’œuvre poétique d’Octavio Paz, les convergences entre le contenu historique et le contenu culturel dont les représentations du site sont porteuses. On montre ainsi que Teotihuacán a pris place dans un vaste territoire mental, culturel et mémoriel, servant à la constitution d’un projet pour le futur.
To understand to what extent the heritage fabrication may reveal a link with the political and institutional notion of development, we study the learned modalities of making the site of Teotihuacán, its insertion in the national narrative then the forms of its internationalization by means of its registration, in 1987, on the UNESCO World Heritage List. We analyze the links between national archaeology and historic anthropology, as well as their relationship in the space and in the territories of the pre-Colombian cultures. The historical linkage between the contemporary Mexico with the past of the pre-Columbian populations revealed by the archaeological exploration of the site has made possible the reconciliation of both components of the contemporary Indian and Hispanic Mexican identity. From the Octavio Paz’s poetic work, we underline the convergences between the historic and the cultural contents whose representations carried by the site. We show that Teotihuacán took place in a wide mental, cultural and memory territory, being of use to the constitution of a project for future.
Mexique

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
urn:doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.6953
http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/6953

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BMJ Publishing Group
Résumé : International audience
OBJECTIVES: To compare the quality of life (QoL) in three groups of workers suffering or not from shoulder pain (SP) lasting more than one month during the preceding 12 months. METHOD: Between 2002-2005, 3710 workers were randomly included in a French surveillance system of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. In 2007, 2332 responded to a follow-up questionnaire, 2049 were still active. Workers completed the Nordic Questionnaire to assess SP and the SF-36 for QoL. Three groups were defined according to health status at follow-up: Group 1: workers without SP (men: 87.9%; women: 79.2%) Group 2: workers with SP without neck, elbow and hand/wrist pain lasting more than one month during the preceding 12 months (men: 4.2%; women: 6.0%) Group 3: workers with SP and neck, elbow or hand/wrist pain lasting more than one month during the preceding 12 months (men 7.9%; women 14.8%) The mean scores of SF-36 were compared with Kruskall-Wallis test and post-hoc comparisons were performed. Analyses were stratified by gender. RESULTS: Workers in group 2 had lower scores of physical health compared to workers in group 1, whatever the gender. Workers in group 3 had lower scores of physical and mental health compared to workers in group 1. Two dimensions of mental health in men and the four dimensions of physical health and one dimension of mental health in women had lower scores in group 3 compared to group 2. CONCLUSIONS: Workers with SP and upper-limb pain have poorer QoL compared to workers without SP and workers with SP without upper-limb pain.
ISSN: 1351-0711

hal-01063898
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01063898
DOI : 10.1136/oemed-2014-102362.258

Résumé : The slides were taken on collecting trips sponsored by the William L. Bryant Foundation, where books, music and art indigenous to the regions were gathered. The are organized by geographical location.
Simply labeled "Havana, coat of arms" the location of this one is not mentioned. The crown on the top could represent the crown of Spain, of which Cuba was a colony for some time. The strips on bottom left are also on Cuba's official coat of arms.
Cuba -- Caribbean region

Droits : All rights to images are held by the respective holding institution. This image is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce images and/or for copyright information contact Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, FL 32816 phone (407) 823-2576, email: speccoll@mail.ucf.edu
CFM1972_01a
Sheet 85: 14
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/CA01200480/00001

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Masson
Résumé : National audience
Started in 2015 in Brazil, an outbreak linked to a little known arbovirus, Zika virus spread throughout Latin America. This virus, considered until recently as responsible of only mild symptoms, made mention of previously unsuspected complications, with severe neurological manifestations in adults and malformations of the central nervous system, including microcephaly, in newborns of mother infected during the pregnancy. While the continent is more accustomed to the succession of arbovirus epidemics, suspected complications and the many unknowns keys of the latter arriving raise many public health issues. French Guiana, a French territory located in the north-east of the continent, combines both European level of resources and climate and issues specific to the Amazon region and Latin America. We discuss here the issues for 2016 Zika virus epidemic in our region, many of them are generalizable to neighboring countries.
ISSN: 0037-9085

inserm-01422054
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01422054
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01422054/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01422054/file/2016%2C%20Epelboin%20-%20%C3%89pid%C3%A9mie%20de%20virus%20Zika%20en%20Am%C3%A9rique%20latine%20-%20quels%20enjeux%20pour%20la%20Guyane%20%281%29.pdf
DOI : 10.1007/s13149-016-0490-5

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag (Germany)
Résumé : International audience
The Michaelis-Menten enzymatic reaction is sufficient to perceive many subtleties of network modeling, including the concentration and time scales separations, the formal equivalence between bulk phase and single-molecule approaches, or the relationships between single-cycle transient probabilities and steady state rates. Twelve methods proposed by different authors and yielding the same famous Michaelis-Menten equation, are selected here to illustrate the kinetic and probabilistic use of rate constants and to review basic techniques for handling them. Finally, the general rate of an ordered multistep reaction, of which the Michaelis-Menten reaction is a particular case, is deduced from a Markovian approach.
ISSN: 0259-9791

hal-00920806
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00920806
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00920806v2/document
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00920806/file/12MM.pdf
ARXIV : 1312.5468

Résumé : The development of large pelagic fishing in the French Antilles is an integral part of a difficult economic situation of the fishing sector in Martinique where this development can seem like a solution to increasingly acute problems. Indeed, for the regulatory authorities as well as for many participants in the sector, it is imperative to find solutions to the lack of profitability of a part of the fishing ships and to confront the regular increase of the share of imports in supplying Martinique with seafood. This question about the possibilities of developing large pelagic fishing is not new since it is already mentioned in the Notice from the Economic and Social Committee of the Martinique Region in 1982. We will not show in this document a detailed analysis of small-scale fishing in Martinique. Since the latter has been abundantly studied by the team of the Caribbean Oceanological and Halieutic Research Centre (PROHC) between 1985 and 1987, we will take up these principal conclusions (with which we are in full agreement) and bring them up to date based on data collected during our mission from 11 to 24 April 1988. The first section devoted to the supply structure (local fishing and imports) will attempt to define under what conditions large pelagic fishing can be developed. The second section will address marketing and demand. Indeed, at the same time as the problems of developing large pelagic fishing, we are faced with the question of the organisation of seafood markets. This organisation is a fundamental issue for the small-scale fishing sector in the French Antilles since its long-term future depends upon it by setting different prices and amounts exchanged according to the structure it is given. We will come to a conclusion on the economic conditions of developing a large pelagic fishery and organising a market, this based on research and study work already done. We will indicate which investigations must be conducted to complete the set of factors for decision support in this area. To perform this assessment, we reconstructed from the long series 1970-1986 (sometimes with significant inadequacies): these are presented as an appendix.
(OCR non controlé) Le développement de la pêche de grands pélagiques dans les Antilles Françaises s'inscrit dans un contexte économique difficile du secteur de la pêche en Martinique où ce développement peut apparaître comme une solution à des problèmes de plus en plus aigus. En effet, pour les autorités de tutelle ainsi que pour de nombreux intervenants dans le secteur, il est impératif de trouver des solutions au manque de rentabilité d'une partie des unités de pêche et de faire face à l'augmentation régulière de la part des importations dans l'approvisionnement de la Martinique en produits de la mer. Cette question sur les possibilités d'un développement de la pêche de grands pélagiques n'est pas nouvelle puisqu'elle est déjà évoquée dans l'Avis du Comité Economique et Social de la Région Martinique en 1982. On ne présentera pas dans ce document une analyse détaillée de la pêche artisanale en Martinique. Celle-ci ayant été abondamment étudiée par l'équipe du Pôle de Recherche Océanologique et Halieutique Caraïbe (PROHC) entre 1985 et 1987, on reprendra ces principales conclusions (avec lesquelles nous sommes en plein accord) en les actualisant à partir des informations recueillies lors de notre mission du 11 au 24 avril 1988. La première section consacrée à la structure d'offre (pêche locale et importations) s'attachera à définir dans quelles conditions peut être développée une pêche de grands pélagiques. Là seconde section traitera de la commercialisation et de la demande. En effet parallèlement aux problèmes de développement d'une pêche de grands pélagiques, se pose la question de l'organisation du marché des produits de la mer. Cette organisation est un enjeu primordial pour le secteur de la pêche artisanale dans les Antilles Françaises puisqu'elle conditionne son avenir à long terme en définissant des prix et des quantités échangées différents suivant la structure qu'on lui donne. On conclura sur les conditions économiques du développement d'une pêche de grands pélagiques et de l'organisation d'un marché, ceci à partir des travaux de recherche et des études déjà réalisés. On indiquera quelles investigations doivent être menées pour compléter l'ensemble des éléments d'aide à la décision dans ce domaine. Pour effectuer cette évaluation, on a reconstituer des séries longues 1970-1986 (parfois avec des carences importantes) : celles-ci sont présentées en annexe.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/rapport-2519.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/2519/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD M.L.M.S. Publisher
Résumé : International audience
This paper deals with educational language policy in the French overseas department of Guiana regarding the introduction of regional languages and cultures in school. It provides analyzes of recent official discourses of the Educational institution, of ordinary discourses of different social actors as well as a critical insight into the school's and future teachers' curricula. Taking into account sociolinguistic results in French Guiana, we discuss two main points in the present policy: the distinction drawn between regional languages and other languages and the distinction drawn between so-called “heterogeneous” and ethnically and linguistically “homogenous” schools.
Cet article traite de la politique linguistique éducative actuellement en vigueur en Guyane Française concernant la prise en compte des langues et cultures régionales dans ce département d'Outre Mer. Au travers d'une analyse des discours officiels de l'institution scolaire, des différentes actions mises en place dernièrement et des discours ordinaires des enseignants sur le terrain, il interroge les politiques actuellement en œuvre. S'appuyant sur des résultats d'enquêtes sociolinguistiques et sur un point de vue didactique, il critique un traitement doublement différencié : entre certaines langues « dites régionales » depuis leur mention dans le rapport Cerquiglini et les autres, et entre des publics scolaires dits « hétérogènes » et ceux considérés comme ethniquement et linguistiquement « homogènes ».
ISSN: 1626-3154

halshs-00181072
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00181072
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00181072/document
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00181072/file/01_ml102005_alby_leglise1.pdf

Résumé : DÉFINITION DU PROGRAMME : Au début de l'année 1992, à la demande du Ministère de la Mer, une réunion s'est tenue au siège de l'Ifremer. Présidée par son Directeur de l'Environnement, elle a proposé un programme d'intervention et arrêté le principe d'un suivi de l'expansion. La Commission interministérielle de la mer a par la suite, décidé de lancer un programme national. Dans le cas d'un début de colonisation, les questions essentielles, afin de décider des moyens à mettre en œuvre, sont les suivantes: - quelle est son ampleur ? - quelles sont ses limites bathymétriques? - quelle est sa dynamique? quels sont les moyens de la limiter? L'Ifremer participant à deux programmes européens LIFE DGXI (1993-1995 et 1996-1998) coordonnés par le Pr. C.F. Boudouresque (Université d'Aix-Marseille II), les grandes lignes de la stratégie d'exploration ont été définies en concertation avec le LEML (Université de Nice), le GIS Posidonie (Université d'Aix-Marseille II), et les autres partenaires européens, italiens et espagnols. LES OBJECTIFS DE CE PROGRAMME : Compte tenu des moyens teclmiques disponibles à L'Ifremer, et des actions menées par le LEML et le GIS Posidonie, il a été convenu: - de prospecter le domaine marin dans les profondeurs difficilement accessibles à la plongée sous-marine. - d'établir les cartes les plus précises possibles de la première et principale zone colonisée, située entre Cap d'Ail et Menton. La surveillance soignée du premier site de signalisation, de C. taxifolia, a priori le plus ancien, celui de Monaco, nous est en effet apparue indispensable, afin d'y déceler les premiers signes éventuels de dégradation propre à aider à une lutte efficace. - d'établir la dynamique de la population de C. taxifolia. - de mettre en évidence les éventuels phénomènes de compétition. - de constituer une vidéothèque de référence.

Droits : 2000 Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00075/18623/16173.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00075/18623/

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : This paper presents a survey of French Eastern English Channel fishers' observations of the past and current state of the marine ecosystem and their wishes for the future, as a first step towards formulating management objectives. Twenty-nine semi-directive interviews were carried out in June 2006 among fishers and shellfish farmers. Cognitive maps proved useful to formalise their experience and knowledge. Most interviewees mentioned a decrease of the resource in recent years and pointed out the presence of several problems, such as pollution, degradation of the ocean floor and harmful impacts of human activities, including fishing. The indicators used by the fishers as the basis to form their opinion were similar to those generally used by scientists for assessing the state of exploited marine populations and communities (average fish length, CPUE, fished biomass...); additional indicators were the timing and duration of fishing seasons. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Ocean & Coastal Management (0964-5691) (Elsevier), 2008-06 , Vol. 51 , N. 6 , P. 450-462

Droits : 2008 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-6134.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2008.04.005
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/6134/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Ten to twenty percent of postpartum women experience anxiety or depressive disorders, which can have detrimental effects on the mother, child, and family. Little is known about the neural correlates of these affective disorders when they occur in mothers, but they do have unique neural profiles during the postpartum period compared with when they occur at other times in a woman's life. Given that the neural systems affected by postpartum anxiety and depression overlap and interact with the systems involved in maternal caregiving behaviors, mother–infant interactions are highly susceptible to disruption. Thus, there is an intricate interplay among maternal mental health, the mother–infant relationship, and the neurobiological mechanisms mediating them that needs to be the focus of future study.
ISSN: 0166-2236

hal-01452985
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01452985
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01452985/document
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01452985/file/The%20Neurobiology%20of%20Postpartum-Tins%20Manscript%20REVISED%20clean%201.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.tins.2016.11.009

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: A prospective study of infectious encephalitis was conducted in France in 2007. In total, 253 patients were enrolled with a proven etiological diagnosis for 52%. The cohort of surviving patients with encephalitis was assessed for sequelae and impairment 3 years after enrollment. METHODS: Patients, their family, and general practitioners (GPs) were interviewed by phone to document persisting symptoms, return to work, and past and current leisure activities, with standardized questionnaires. The IQCODE (Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly) was completed with relatives. The global outcome was determined in all patients with the Glasgow outcome scale. RESULTS: In 2010, 20 patients (10%) were unavailable for follow-up, 2 (1%) were excluded, and 18 (9%) had died since hospital discharge. Data were available for 167 survivors and 9 patients whose death was related to the encephalitis. The outcome was favorable in 108 of 176 patients (61%) (71 with complete resolution), 31 (18%) were mildly impaired, 25 (14%) were severely impaired, and 3 (1%) were in a vegetative state. The most frequent symptoms were difficulty concentrating (42%), behavioral disorders (27%), speech disorders (20%), and memory loss (19%). Fifteen of 63 patients (24%) previously employed were still unable to resume work. Long-term outcome was significantly associated with comorbid conditions, age, level of education, and the causative agent of encephalitis. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients with encephalitis experienced a favorable outcome 3 years after hospital discharge. However, minor to severe disability persists in a high number of cases with consequences for everyday life. Physical and mental impairment should be evaluated in all patients with encephalitis, and neuropsychological rehabilitation implemented whenever needed.
ISSN: 1058-4838

hal-00875190
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00875190
DOI : 10.1093/cid/cis226
PUBMED : 22460967