Éditeur(s) : University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, EDIS University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, EDIS ( Gainesville, Fla. )
Résumé : (Acquisition) Collected for University of Florida's Institutional Repository by the UFIR Self-Submittal tool. Submitted by Diana Hagan.
(Publication Status) Published
"FCS8696-Span."
"ENAFS: Elder Nutrition and Food Safety."
Large Print.
"Fecha de primera publicación febrero 2005. Revisado mayo 2012."

Droits : All rights reserved by the submitter.

Éditeur(s) : University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, EDIS University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, EDIS ( Gainesville, Fla. )
Résumé : (Acquisition) Collected for University of Florida's Institutional Repository by the UFIR Self-Submittal tool. Submitted by Diana Hagan.
(Publication Status) Published
"ENAFS: Elder Nutrition and Food Safety."
Large Print.
"FCS8934-Span."
Publicado diciembre 2011. Revisado mayo 2012."

Droits : All rights reserved by the submitter.

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
Functional ecology has long considered the support function as important, but its biomechanical complexity is only just being elucidated. We show here that it can be described on the basis of four biomechanical traits, two safety traits against winds (SW) and self-buckling (SB), and two motricity traits involved in sustaining an upright position, tropic motion velocity (MV) and posture control (PC). All these traits are integrated at the tree scale, combining tree size and shape together with wood properties. The assumption of trait constancy has been used to derive allometric scaling laws, but it was more recently found that observing their variations among environments and functional groups, or during ontogeny, provides more insights into adaptive syndromes of tree shape and wood properties. However, over-simplified expressions have often been used, possibly concealing key adaptive drivers. An extreme case of over-simplification is the use of wood basic density as a proxy for safety. Actually, since wood density is involved in stiffness, loads and construction costs, the impact of its variations on safety is non-trivial. Moreover, other wood features, especially the microfibril angle (MFA), are also involved. Furthermore, wood is not only stiff and strong, but it also acts as a motor for MV and PC. The relevant wood trait for that is maturation strain asymmetry. Maturation strains vary with cell wall characteristics such as MFA, rather than with wood density. Finally, the need for further studies about the ecological relevance of branching patterns, motricity traits and growth responses to mechanical loads is discussed.
ISSN: 0022-0957

hal-00909904
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00909904
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00909904/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00909904/file/Integrative_biomechanics_for_tree_Fournier_al.pdf
DOI : 10.1093/jxb/ert279

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that a Mediterranean dietary pattern during pregnancy may influence pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD) during pregnancy on fetal growth restriction (FGR) and preterm delivery (PTD) in a French Caribbean island where the population is largely of African descent and presents dietary patterns similar to MD. METHODS: Using data from the TIMOUN Mother-Child Cohort Study conducted in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) between 2004 and 2007, we analysed data for 728 pregnant women who delivered liveborn singletons without any major congenital malformations. Degree of adherence to MD during pregnancy was evaluated with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire based on nine dietary criteria. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyse birth outcomes while taking potential confounders into account. RESULTS: Overall there was no association between MD adherence during pregnancy and the risk of PTD or FGR. However, pre-pregnancy body mass index was a strong effect modifier, and MD adherence was associated with a decreased risk of PTD specifically in overweight and obese women (adjusted odds ratio 0.7, 95% confidence interval 0.6, 0.9) (P heterogeneity <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that Caribbean diet during pregnancy may carry some benefits of MD and may contribute to reduce the risk of PTD in overweight and obese pregnant women.
ISSN: 0269-5022

hal-00988172
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00988172
DOI : 10.1111/ppe.12113
PUBMED : 24754337

Résumé : Chapters in Volume 1: - Law of the sea and international straits - Trends in the French merchant fleet - International shipping - Safety and rescue at sea, the case of yachting - Marine research and economic development - The respective roles played at sea by the state and local authorities - Social trends in populations linked to the sea: commercial seafarers - Future perspectives for marine leisure activities - French ports, outlook for the year 2000 Chapters in Volume 2: - European organisation in terms of seafood - The role of the sea in the development of the DOM/TOM (French overseas départements and territories) - France's international policy and naval and maritime resources - Naval strategies of the major powers - Europe's security in the Mediterranean, the example of the Balkans - Nuclear-weapon-free areas and peace zones at sea - France and geopolitical balances in the South Pacific - The North-west of the Indian Ocean and the world energy supply
Rapports des dix-sept groupes de séminaires de la promotion "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" de l'Ecole nationale d'administration, février à juillet 1988: Chapitres du Tome1: - Le droit de la mer et les détroits internationaux - L'évolution de la flotte de commerce française - Les transports maritimes internationaux - Sécurité et sauvetage en mer, le cas de la plaisance - Recherche en mer et développement économique - Les rôles respectifs de l'État et des collectivités locales en mer - L'évolution sociale des populations attachées à la mer : les marins de commerce - Les perspectives d'avenir des loisirs de la mer - Les ports français, perspectives pour l'an 2000 Chapitres du Tome2: - Organisation européenne en matière de produit de la mer - Le rôle de la mer dans le développement des DOM/TOM - La politique internationale de la France et les moyens navals et maritimes - Les stratégies navales des grandes puissances - La sécurité de l'Europe en Méditerranée, l'exemple des Balkans - Les zones exemptes d'armes nucléaires et les zones de paix en mer - La France et les équilibres géopolitiques dans le Pacifique Sud - Le Nord-Ouest de l'océan Indien et l'approvisionnement énergétique mondial

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/rapport-1027.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/sup-1027.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1027/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Purpose: Active surveillance is a treatment option for favorable risk prostate cancer. However, data are missing on populations of African descent. We evaluated the safety and benefit of active surveillance in an African Caribbean cohort with favorable risk prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: Between 2005 and 2016, a single center, prospective cohort study was performed in Guadeloupe, French West Indies, including patients on active surveillance who had low risk prostate cancer (prostate specific antigen 10 ng/ml or less and Gleason score 6 or less) or favorable intermediate risk prostate cancer (prostate specific antigen 10 to 20 ng/ml, Gleason score 3 + 4 or less and life expectancy less than 10 years). Treatment was recommended in case of grade progression, increased tumor volume, prostate cancer doubling time less than 36 months or patient wish. Overall survival, disease specific survival and duration of active surveillance were calculated with the KaplanMeier method. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model to identify predictors of active surveillance termination. Results: A total of 234 patients with a median age of 64 years were enrolled in study. Median followup was 4 years (IQR 2.3-5.5). Overall survival at 30 months, 5 years and 10 years was 99.5%, 98.5% and 90.7%, respectively. Disease specific survival at 30 months, and 5 and 10 years was 100%. At 30 months, 5 years and 10 years 72.7%, 52.6% and 40.4% of patients, respectively, remained untreated and on active surveillance. Age (HR 0.96 per additional year, 95% CI 0.93-0.99) and prostate specific antigen density (HR 1.52 per additional 0.1 ng/ml, 95% CI 1.20-1.89) were found to be independent predictors of active surveillance termination. Conclusions: Active surveillance is safe and beneficial for highly selected African Caribbean patients. It seems to be feasible for patients at low risk and intermediate favorable risk. Prostate specific antigen density could help better select these patients.
ISSN: 0022-5347

hal-01519251
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01519251
DOI : 10.1016/j.juro.2016.12.047
PUBMED : 27993665

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
A new method was proposed to determine the nitrogen content of nitrocelluloses (NCs). It is based on the finding of a linear relationship between the nitrogen content and the molar ratio of nitrite-to-nitrate ions released after alkaline hydrolysis. Capillary electrophoresis was used to monitor the concentration of nitrite and nitrate ions. The influences of hydrolysis time and molar mass of NC on the molar ratio of nitrite-to-nitrate ions were investigated, and new insights into the understanding of the alkaline denitration mechanism of NCs, underlying this analytical strategy is provided. The method was then tested successfully with various explosive and non-explosive NC-containing samples such as various daily products and smokeless gunpowders. Inherently to its principle exploiting a concentration ratio, this method shows very good repeatability in the determination of nitrogen content in real samples with relative standard deviation (n=3) inferior to 1.5%, and also provides very significant advantages with respect to sample extraction, analysis time (1h for alkaline hydrolysis, 3min for electrophoretic separation), which was about 5 times shorter than for the classical Devarda's method, currently used in industry, and safety conditions (no need for preliminary drying NC samples, mild hydrolysis conditions with 1M sodium hydroxide for 1h at 60°C).
Journal of Hazardous Materials

hal-01103120
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01103120
PUBMED : 25562808

Résumé : The document, fifth edition of a collection which has started in 1997, presents a survey of marine-related activities in France. The commercial sector includes exploitation and extraction of marine resources, manufacturing industry, private services. In this new edition, a special effort is devoted to the analysis of maritime ports related industries. The non-commercial sector includes public services, among which the Navy, state services, education, safety, marine and coastal environment protection, marine sciences. Each activity of the commercial sector is described by key figures (turnover, value added, employment). The non-commercial sector includes data on running costs, in particular personnel costs. In addition to indicators, qualitative information is provided on the recent developments and future prospects of industries.
Le document, cinquième édition d'une série lancée en 1997, présente un panorama des activités liées à la mer en France. Le secteur marchand comprend l'exploitation et l'extraction des ressources marines, l'industrie manufacturière, les services privés. Dans cette nouvelle édition, un effort particulier est consacré à l'analyse de l'activité portuaire. Le secteur non marchand est constitué des services publics, dont la Marine nationale, les services de l'État, l'enseignement, la sécurité, la protection de l'environnement littoral et marin, la recherche scientifique. Chaque activité du secteur marchand est décrite par des chiffres-clés (chiffre d'affaires, valeur ajoutée, emploi). Sur le secteur non marchand sont fournies des données de coûts, dont les coûts de personnel. Tous ces indicateurs sont accompagnés d'informations qualitatives sur l'évolution récente et les perspectives des branches d'activité.

Droits : 2004 Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19400/16993.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19400/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD BioMed Central
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: Environmental exposures, including dietary contaminants, may influence the developing immune system. This study assesses the association between maternal pre-parturition consumption of seafood and wheeze, eczema, and food allergy in preschool children. Fish and shellfish were studied separately as they differ according to their levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (which have anti-allergic properties) and their levels of contaminants. METHODS: The PELAGIE cohort included 3421 women recruited at the beginning of pregnancy. Maternal fish and shellfish intake was measured at inclusion by a food frequency questionnaire. Wheeze, eczema, and food allergy were evaluated by a questionnaire completed by the mother when the child was 2 years old (n = 1500). Examination of the associations between seafood intake and outcomes took major confounders into account. Complementary sensitivity analyses with multiple imputation enabled us to handle missing data, due mostly to attrition. RESULTS: Moderate maternal pre-parturition fish intake (1 to 4 times a month) was, at borderline significance, associated with a lower risk of wheeze (adjusted OR = 0.69 (0.45-1.05)) before age 2, compared with low intake (< once/month). This result was not, however, consistent: after multiple imputation, the adjusted OR was 0.86 (0.63-1.17). Shellfish intake at least once a month was associated with a higher risk of food allergy before age 2 (adjusted OR = 1.62 (1.11-2.37)) compared to low or no intake (< once/month). Multiple imputation confirmed this association (adjusted OR = 1.52 (1.05-2.21)). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that maternal pre-parturition shellfish consumption may increase the risk of food allergy. Further large-scale epidemiologic studies are needed to corroborate these results, identify the contaminants or components of shellfish responsible for the effects observed, determine the persistence of the associations seen at age 2, and investigate potential associations with health effects observable at later ages, such as allergic asthma.
ISSN: 1476-069X

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
inserm-00926282
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00926282
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00926282/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00926282/file/1476-069X-12-102.pdf
DOI : 10.1186/1476-069X-12-102

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: Thrombophilias are common disorders that increase the risk of pregnancy-associated venous thromboembolism and pregnancy loss and can also increase the risk of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications (severe pre-eclampsia, small-for-gestational-age infants, and placental abruption). We postulated that antepartum dalteparin would reduce these complications in pregnant women with thrombophilia. METHODS: In this open-label randomised trial undertaken in 36 tertiary care centres in five countries, we enrolled consenting pregnant women with thrombophilia at increased risk of venous thromboembolism or with previous placenta-mediated pregnancy complications. Eligible participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either antepartum prophylactic dose dalteparin (5000 international units once daily up to 20 weeks' gestation, and twice daily thereafter until at least 37 weeks' gestation) or to no antepartum dalteparin (control group). Randomisation was done by a web-based randomisation system, and was stratified by country and gestational age at randomisation day with a permuted block design (block sizes 4 and 8). At randomisation, site pharmacists (or delegates) received a randomisation number and treatment allocation (by fax and/or e-mail) from the central web randomisation system and then dispensed study drug to the local coordinator. Patients and study personnel were not masked to treatment assignment, but the outcome adjudicators were masked. The primary composite outcome was independently adjudicated severe or early-onset pre-eclampsia, small-for-gestational-age infant (birthweight <10th percentile), pregnancy loss, or venous thromboembolism. We did intention-to-treat and on-treatment analyses. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00967382, and with Current Controlled Trials, number ISRCTN87441504. FINDINGS: Between Feb 28, 2000, and Sept 14, 2012, 292 women consented to participate and were randomly assigned to the two groups. Three women were excluded after randomisation because of ineligibility (two in the antepartum dalteparin group and one in the control group), leaving 146 women assigned to antepartum dalteparin and 143 assigned to no antepartum dalteparin. Some patients crossed over to the other group during treatment, and therefore for on-treatment and safety analysis there were 143 patients in the dalteparin group and 141 in the no dalteparin group. Dalteparin did not reduce the incidence of the primary composite outcome in both intention-to-treat analysis (dalteparin 25/146 [17.1%; 95% CI 11.4-24.2%] vs no dalteparin 27/143 [18.9%; 95% CI 12.8-26.3%]; risk difference -1.8% [95% CI -10.6% to 7.1%)) and on-treatment analysis (dalteparin 28/143 [19.6%] vs no dalteparin 24/141 [17.0%]; risk difference +2.6% [95% CI -6.4 to 11.6%]). In safety analysis, the occurrence of major bleeding did not differ between the two groups. However, minor bleeding was more common in the dalteparin group (28/143 [19.6%]) than in the no dalteparin group (13/141 [9.2%]; risk difference 10.4%, 95% CI 2.3-18.4; p=0.01). INTERPRETATION: Antepartum prophylactic dalteparin does not reduce the occurrence of venous thromboembolism, pregnancy loss, or placenta-mediated pregnancy complications in pregnant women with thrombophilia at high risk of these complications and is associated with an increased risk of minor bleeding. FUNDING: Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, and Pharmacia and UpJohn.
ISSN: 0923-7577

hal-01258557
http://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-01258557
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60793-5
PUBMED : 25066248

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde
Résumé : International audience
This study examined whether the antidermatophytic activity of essential oils (EOs) can be used as an indicator for the discovery of active natural products against Leishmania amazonensis. The aerial parts of seven plants were hydro-distilled. Using broth microdilution techniques, the obtained EOs were tested against three strains of dermatophytes (Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum gypseum and Microsporum canis). To compare the EOs antifungal and antiparasitic effects, the EOs activities against axenic amastigotes of L. amazonensis were concurrently evaluated. For the most promising EOs, their antileishmanial activities against parasites infecting peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice were measured. The most interesting antifungal candidates were the EOs from Cymbopogon citratus, Otacanthus azureus and Protium heptaphyllum, whereas O. azureus, Piper hispidum and P. heptaphyllum EOs exhibited the lowest 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50) values against axenic amastigotes, thus revealing a certain correspondence between both activities. The P. hispidum EO was identified as the most promising product in the results from the infected macrophages model (IC 50 : 4.7 µg/mL, safety index: 8). The most abundant compounds found in this EO were sesquiter-penes, notably curzerene and furanodiene. Eventually, the evaluation of the antidermatophytic activity of EOs appears to be an efficient method for identifying new potential drugs for the treatment of L. amazonensis.
ISSN: 0074-0276

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
hal-01230471
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01230471
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01230471/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01230471/file/0074-0276-mioc-0140332.pdf
DOI : 10.1590/0074-02760140332

Éditeur(s) : Actes de colloques. Ifremer. Brest [ACTES COLLOQ. IFREMER.]. 1992
Résumé : Considerable interest is presently being shown in research, design and practical application of composite materials within Fincantieri Merchant Shipbuilding Division. This paper is intended to discuss the state-of-the-art and the innovations in hull, outfitting and accommodation applications, where traditional steel or light alloy can be successfully replaced by composites. The impact on design and production is outlined, with an overview of the economic effects of these materials on technology, production and safety requirements, which remain an open subject for the future possible developments.
Un intérêt considérable est porté à l'heure actuelle à la recherche, la conception et l'application pratique des matériaux composites dans la Division Merchant Shipbuilding de Fincantien. Cette communication a pour objet de présenter l'état de l'art et les innovations dans les applications pour les coques, équipements et cabines, avec la perspective de l'impact économique de ces matériaux sur la technologie, la production et les exigences de sécurité, qui reste un sujet de développements futurs.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1053.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1053/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Résumé : International audience
BACKGROUND: Women of reproductive age can be exposed to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) at work, and exposure to EDCs in pregnancy may affect fetal growth. OBJECTIVES: We assessed whether maternal occupational exposure to EDCs during pregnancy as classified by application of a job exposure matrix was associated with birth weight, term low birth weight (LBW), length of gestation, and preterm delivery. METHODS: Using individual participant data from 133,957 mother-child pairs in 13 European cohorts spanning births from 1994 through 2011, we linked maternal job titles with exposure to 10 EDC groups as assessed through a job exposure matrix. For each group, we combined the two levels of exposure categories (possible and probable) and compared birth outcomes with the unexposed group (exposure unlikely). We performed meta-analyses of cohort-specific estimates. RESULTS: Eleven percent of pregnant women were classified as exposed to EDCs at work during pregnancy, based on job title. Classification of exposure to one or more EDC group was associated with an increased risk of term LBW [odds ratio (OR) = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.49], as were most specific EDC groups; this association was consistent across cohorts. Further, the risk increased with increasing number of EDC groups (OR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.10, 4.06 for exposure to four or more EDC groups). There were few associations (p < 0.05) with the other outcomes; women holding job titles classified as exposed to bisphenol A or brominated flame retardants were at higher risk for longer length of gestation. CONCLUSION: Results from our large population-based birth cohort design indicate that employment during pregnancy in occupations classified as possibly or probably exposed to EDCs was associated with an increased risk of term LBW.
ISSN: 0091-6765

hal-01405823
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01405823
DOI : 10.1289/EHP208
PUBMED : 27152464

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Résumé : International audience
Background: Glycol ethers (GE) are widely used organic solvents. Despite the potential neurotoxicity of several families of organic solvents, little is known about the impact of GE on the neurodevelopment of infants and children. Objectives: We investigated the relation between urinary concentrations of GE metabolites in pregnant women and neurocognitive abilities in their 6-year-old children in the PELAGIE mother-child cohort. Methods: Five GE metabolites were measured in first morning void urine samples of 204 French pregnant women in early pregnancy (<19 weeks of gestation). Psychologists assessed the neurocognitive abilities of their 6-year-old children with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children IV (WISC) and the Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment (NEPSY). We analyzed the results with linear (WISC) and Poisson regression models (NEPSY), adjusted for potential confounders, including child's stimulation at home. Results: GE metabolites were detected in 90-100% of maternal urine samples. The WISC Verbal Comprehension score was significantly lower for children with the highest tertile of urinary phenoxyacetic acid (PhAA) [beta (third vs. first tertile)=-6.53; 95% CI: -11.44, -1.62]. Similarly, the NEPSY Design Copying subtest score was lower in those with the highest tertile of urinary ethoxyacetic acid (EAA) [beta (third vs. first tertile)=-0.11; 95% CI: -0.21, 0.00]. The other GE metabolites we studied were not significantly associated with WISC or NEPSY scores. Conclusions: Prenatal urine concentrations of two GE metabolites were associated with lower WISC Verbal Comprehension Index scores and NEPSY Design Copying subscale scores, respectively, at age 6 years. PhAA is the primary metabolite of 2-phenoxyethanol (EGPhE), which is commonly found in cosmetics, and precursors of EAA are frequently used in cleaning agents. Additional research is needed to confirm our findings and further explore potential effects of prenatal GE exposures on neurocognitive performance in children.
ISSN: 0091-6765

hal-01519256
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01519256
DOI : 10.1289/EHP39
PUBMED : 27740510

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
The paper is motivated by the long term safety analysis of the CO 2 geological storage. We present a methodology for the assessment of the ge-omechanical impact of progressive rock dissolution. The method is based on the use of X-ray tomography and the numerical dissolution technique. The influence of evolution of the microstructure on the macroscopic properties of the rock is analysed by using periodic homogenization method. The numerical computations show progressive degradation of all components of the stiffness (orthotropic) tensor. Moreover, the evolution of associated mass transfer properties (as tortuosity and conductivity tensors), by using the periodic homogenization method, is also calculated. The correlation between the mechanical parameters and the transfer properties during the dissolution pro-cess is presented. The results show that the highest increase of the hydraulic conductivity (in direction Y) is not associated with the highest decrease of Young modulus in this direction. Moreover, the highest decrease of Young modulus (in the direction X) is not associated with percolation in this direction. Finally, an incremental law to calculate settlement, in case of a rock with evolving microstructure, is proposed. The solution of the macroscopic settlement problem under constant stress and drained conditions showed that the geomechanical effects of the rock dissolution are rather limited.
ISSN: 0363-9061

hal-01104204
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01104204
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01104204/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01104204/file/Numerical_computations_rock_dissolution_Wojtacki_al_2014.pdf
DOI : 10.1002/nag.2316

Résumé : This document presents a survey of the marine-related activities in France, i.e. those of the commercial sector (exploitation of minerai and living resources, manufacturing industries, services) and those of the public sector (Navy, State services, education, safety, marine research). A chapter is devoted to the protection of the coastal and marine environment, and the chapter on tourism gives quantitative data on the impacts of the pollution caused by the Erika oil-tanker. Each activity of the commercial sector is described by key-figures (turnover, value added, employmentl. The description of the non-commercial public sector includes data on costs, including personnel costs. In addition to these figures, qualitative information is given on the recent development, present situation and outlook for each activity
Ce document présente un panorama des activités liées à la mer en France, c'est-à-dire du secteur industriel (exploitation des ressources minérales et vivantes, industrie manufacturière, services) et celles du secteur public non marchand (Marine nationale, services de l'État, enseignement, sécurité, recherche marine). Un chapitre est consacré à la protection de l'environnement littoral et marin, et le chapitre sur le tourisme donne des indications quantitatives sur les impacts de la pollution causée par le navire pétrolier Erika. Chaque activité du secteur industriel est décrite par des chiffres-clés (chiffre d'affaires, valeur ajoutée, emploi). Pour le secteur public non marchand, sont fournies des données sur les coûts, notamment les coûts de personnel. Ces indicateurs sont accompagnés d'informations qualitatives sur l'évolution récente , la situation actuelle et les perspectives de chaque activité.

Droits : 2002 Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00117/22850/20660.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00117/22850/53085.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00117/22850/

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles Études caribéennes
Résumé : Cet article souligne la particularité des politiques locales menées récemment en Martinique et en Guadeloupe en matière de gestion du risque sismique. Ces Départements français des Amériques, fortement exposés à la menace sismique, s’impliquent depuis peu dans une véritable dynamique préventive soutenue par l’action des Collectivités. Des stratégies locales de réduction de la vulnérabilité humaine et technique sont expérimentées au bénéfice de la population. Elles viennent renforcer ou compléter les efforts étatiques visant une plus grande implication du citoyen à son information et à sa sécurité face aux séismes.
This article underlines the characteristic of the local policies followed recently in Martinique and Guadeloupe as regards seismic risk management. These French Departments of Americas, strongly exposed to the seismic threat, imply themselves recently in a true preventive dynamics supported by the action of the Communities. Local strategies of reduction of the human and technical vulnerability are tested for the benefit of the population. They come to reinforce or supplement the official efforts of French State aiming a greater implication of the citizen to his information and its safety against the earthquakes.
Guadeloupe
Martinique

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
urn:doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.289
http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/289

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
AIMS: Virus detection has often been difficult due to a low concentration in water. In this study, we developed a new procedure based on concentration of virus particles on an innovative support: poly-L-lysine dendrigrafts (DGL), coupled with directed nucleic acid extraction and real-time PCR quantification. METHODS AND RESULTS: This method was evaluated using the bacteriophage MS2 as a model virus. This virus exhibited the size and structural properties of human pathogenic enteric viruses and has often been used to assess new supports of concentration. Moreover, this bacteriophage is also a faecal contamination indicator. In this study, many water filtration conditions were tested (volume of water, concentration, etc.), and more than 80% of bacteriophage were recovered after filtration on polymer, in most conditions. We demonstrated that the method was linear (slope = 0*99 ± 0*04 and Y intercept when x = -0*02 ± 0*28), valid (as manipulators, tested concentrations, volumes of sample and batch of polymer did not have any influence on concentration) and sensitive (allowing to concentrate up to 16,600-fold 1 l of sample and to detect and quantify down to 750 GC l(-1) and 7500 GC l(-1), respectively). CONCLUSIONS: To conclude, this support exhibits high interest to retain viruses and to allow to detect low concentration of virus in water. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study gives valuable advance in the methods of concentration and diagnosis of virus in water.
Journal of Applied Microbiology

hal-00828987
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828987
DOI : 10.1111/jam.12209
PUBMED : 23551794

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier Sci Ltd
Résumé : The reduction of by-catch mortality is an objective of the ecosystem approach to fisheries and a request made by consumers. Elasmobranchs, an important component of the French tropical tuna purse seine fishery by-catch, are currently thrown back into the sea. Fishers interact with various types of elasmobranchs that range widely in size, weight and shape, and could pose various degrees of danger to the crew. A diversity of discarding practices within the fleet were reported, some practices were considered suitable, others needed to be adapted and improved and others simply had to be banned. The majority of the crews were likely to improve their handling practices if they were presented with practical suggestions that were quick and easy. Combining scientific observations and empirical knowledge from skippers and crew, a manual, providing appropriate handling practices to ensure crew safety and increase the odds of survival for released animals has been developed and disseminated. Bringing these good practices onto the decks of fishing vessels should contribute to the reduction of the fishing mortality of some vulnerable species. It would be positively viewed by consumers as an act that reduces fishing's footprint on the environment and promoting animal welfare which would improve the image of fishing industry. Mitigation research is by definition an iterative process and different complementary methods must be carried out at different levels of the fishing process to significantly reduce the mortality of the by-catch.
Marine Policy (0308-597X) (Elsevier Sci Ltd), 2014-02 , Vol. 44 , P. 312-320

Droits : 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00159/27008/28367.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.marpol.2013.09.025
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00159/27008/

Résumé : This document presents a survey of the marine-related activities in France, i.e. those of the commercial sector (exploitation of mineral and living resources, manufacturing industries, services) and those of the public sector (Navy, State services, education, safety, marine research). A chapter is devoted to the protection of the coastal and marine environment, and the chapter on tourism gives quantitative data on the impacts of the pollution caused by the Erika oil-tanker. Each activity of the commercial sector is described by key-figures (turnover, value added, employment). The description of the non-commercial public sector includes data on costs, including personnel costs. In addition to these figures, qualitative information is given on the recent development, present situation and outlook for each activity.
Ce document présente un panorama des activités liées à Ia mer en France, c'est-a-dire du secteur industriel (exploitation des ressources minérales et vivantes, industrie manufacturière, services) et celles du secteur public non marchand (Marine nationale, services de I'Etat, enseignement, sécurité, recherche marine). Un chapitre est consacre a Ia protection de l'environnement littoral et marin, et le chapitre sur le tourisme donne des indications quantitatives sur les impacts de Ia pollution causée par le navire pétrolier Erika. Chaque activité du secteur industriel est décrite par des chiffres-clés (chiffre d'affaires, valeur ajoutée, emploi). Pour le secteur public non marchand, sont fournies des donnees sur les coûts, notamment les coûts de personnel. Ces indicateurs sont accompagnes d'informations qualitatives sur l'évolution récente, Ia situation actuelle et les perspectives de chaque activité.

Droits : 2002 Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00117/22852/20661.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00117/22852/