Éditeur(s) : Springer
Résumé : The distribution of summer phytoplankton across the Straits of Magellan (SOM) was studied with the aims of tracing differences among the distinct subregions of the area and contributing to the knowledge of its biodiversity. Samples collected at 25 stations were observed and counted in light microscopy. Selected samples were observed with transmission electron microscopy. The main unifying feature of the phytoplankton in the SOM was the high abundance and numerical dominance of small-sized (<10 μm) eukaryotic species, among which coccoid cells of <3 μm size were predominant (56.2 ± 30.6 of the total phytoplankton abundance). They mostly belonged to the prasinophyte Pycnococcus provasolii, which was abundant (0.8–6,834 cells × 103 ml−1) at all stations with the exception of those in proximity to the Atlantic entrances, where it was not recorded. Small-sized (<3 and 3–5 μm) diatoms (Minidiscus trioculatus, Lennoxia faveolata and other undetermined centric species) attained high densities (<3,757 cells 103 ml−1) especially at stations of the Patagonian sectors, whereas microplanktonic diatoms were only found at the two entrances of the Straits. Dinoflagellates were constituted mainly by >10 μm forms in the Andean subregion and <10 μm naked species in the Patagonian subregion, contributing up to 75.9 and 41.8% of the total carbon in these two areas, respectively. In the Patagonian subregion, flagellates mainly constituted by <5 μm forms and by cryptomonads <10 μm comprised up to 53.9% of the total biomass. Several species identified in this study have never been reported in other investigations in the SOM, while others, including Pycnococcus provasolii and Lennoxia faveolata, have rarely been recorded elsewhere. Overall, the summer phytoplankton of the Straits does not resemble that of any other region of the world’s seas. Although some of the predominant species might have been overlooked elsewhere, their abundance and relative importance apparently constitute a distinctive feature of the SOM.
Polar Biology (0722-4060) (Springer), 2011 , Vol. 34 , N. 9 , P. 1269-1284

Droits : The Author(s) 2010. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00026/13722/10828.pdf
DOI:10.1007/s00300-010-0937-2
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00026/13722/

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles. Service commun de la documentation INCA 5Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas), Cuba
Extrait de : 52e congrès annuel de la Société caribéenne des plantes alimentaires / 52nd annual meeting of the Caribbean food crops society (CFCS), du 10 au 16 juillet 2016. INRA, CFCS
Description : The methodology is supported on the basis of the experience acquired by a group of researchers, farmers and technicians from Cuba in the implementation of Participatory Plant Breeding. The proposal presents a number of methodological considerations with the necessary flexibility to allow proper application of the method and follows a logical sequence of activities to be executed in a manner that facilitates their implementation in various contexts in which it is of interest to apply. Its implementation, as such, is a learning process in action for all actors involved in it; also enables participants to understand the scale of the needs of the producers and breeding programs and dissemination of varieties in terms of the real interest of these. The methodology has 4 main phases: 1) diagnosis, 2) Collection of plant genetic resources, 3) Establishment of demonstration plots and development diversity fairs and 4) farmer experimentation. Besides the four basic stages of Participatory Plant Breeding in Cuba other tools that allowed the PPB constitute a successful process were used, these tools are: action learning as interest Schools Farmers Festivals innovation, exchange visits and retreats, capacity building of students on stage in local innovation and creation of local seed banks.
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 21
Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V16317
V16317

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The French education system remains highly centralized and only allows limited local adaptations for overseas territories. For example, if some laws (the last in 2013) allow the use of regional languages (e.g. Creole in the French West Indies) when they constitute a relevant contribution to the teaching, many official texts remain mainly based on the geographical, economical, historical, environment of the French mainland. We focus on some French BTS (Brevet de Technicien Supérieur / Advanced Technician Certificate), namely tourism and assistant manager, which are two important diplomas for the local development and in which microeconomic and management sciences plays a great part. The French BTS is a professional diploma prepared in two years after the “baccalauréat”, with national programs and evaluation criteria. The successful candidates are supposed to be immediately employable, especially in their local geographical environment. Thus, there exists a paradox between the national definition of the diploma and the local contexts of teaching. We discuss how teachers concretely deal with this situation on a day-to-day basis. Our hypothesis is that they act pragmatically, using their practical pedagogical content knowledge, without theoretical support for their action. In order to verify this hypothesis, we have conducted semi-structured interview with Guadeloupian teachers of the two aforementioned BTS. The main results shows that teachers adapt the national framework of the diploma, essentially by using local examples. This can be called a weak contextualization of the national texts. Indeed, these adaptations remain limited by fear of disadvantaging the students for the national exam. In addition, many context effects are shown, for example linked with local rules (concerning VAT, custom duties...) which are only partially taken into account by teachers. This demonstrates that the French educative system has not yet completely solved the opposition between national guideline and decentralization of the educational action.
19th General Meeting and Biennial Conference “Harnessing Science and Technology to create knowledge-base Economies and preserve Caribbean Ecosystems”
Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago

hal-01535045
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01535045

Résumé : Arbol de hasta 10 m. Hojas lanceoladas u oblongo-lanceoladas, de 10 a 25 cm, acuminadas. Flores púrpura-pálidas, poco numerosas y en corimbos terminales; tubo del cáliz turbinado de 1 cm, lóbulos largos, redondeados; pétalos glandulosos de 1 a 1.5 cm. Fruto redondo u ovalado de 3 a 6 cm de largo, amarillo pálido.
Arbre pouvant atteindre 10 m. Feuilles lancéolées ou oblongues-lancéolées, de 10 à 25 cm, acuminées. Fleurs d&rsquo;une couleur pourpre pâle, peu nombreuses et en corymbes terminaux; tube du calice turbiné de 1 cm, lobes longs, arrondis; pétales glanduleux de 1 à 1,5 cm. Fruit rond ou ovale de 3 à 6 cm de long, jaune pâle.
Evergreen tree up to 14 m high.  Leaves opposite, entire, glabrous, coriaceous, aromatic, pellucid dotted, petioles 2-3 cm long with swollen reddish base, blade elliptic, 7-13 x 3-6 cm, base cuneate, tip acuminate, mature leaves dark-green, shiny above, paler beneath; inflorescence terminal, 5 cm long of 3-20 flowers in paniculate cymes; flowers reddish; fruits a fleshy drupe 3 x 1.2cm, oblong-obovoid, dark red; seed oblong ca. 1.5 cm long. nb: angled peduncles and short pedicels ca 5 mm long constitute the clove stems of commerce.
Nativa de las islas Molucas, ampliamente cultivada.
Originaire des îles Moluques, cultivé dans de vastes zones.
Native to the Molucca Islands, widely cultivated.

http://www.tramil.net/fototeca/plant341

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Pyrethroids are widely-used chemical insecticides, to which humans are commonly exposed, and known to alter functional expression of drug metabolizing enzymes. Limited data have additionally suggested that drug transporters, that constitute key-actors of the drug detoxification system, may also be targeted by pyrethroids. The present study was therefore designed to analyze the potential regulatory effects of these pesticides towards activities of main ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and solute carrier (SLC) drug transporters, using transporter-overexpressing cells. The pyrethroids allethrin and tetramethrin were found to inhibit various ABC and SLC drug transporters, including multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) 2, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), organic anion transporter polypeptide (OATP) 1B1, organic anion transporter (OAT) 3, multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter (MATE) 1, organic cation transporter (OCT) 1 and OCT2, with IC50 values however ranging from 2.6 muM (OCT1 inhibition by allethrin) to 77.6 muM (OAT3 inhibition by tetramethrin) and thus much higher than pyrethroid concentrations (in the nM range) reached in environmentally pyrethroid-exposed humans. By contrast, allethrin and tetramethrin cis-stimulated OATP2B1 activity and failed to alter activities of OATP1B3, OAT1 and MATE2-K, whereas P-glycoprotein activity was additionally moderately inhibited. Twelve other pyrethoids used at 100 muM did not block activities of the various investigated transporters, or only moderately inhibited some of them (inhibition by less than 50%). In silico analysis of structure-activity relationships next revealed that molecular parameters, including molecular weight and lipophilicity, are associated with transporter inhibition by allethrin/tetramethrin and successfully predicted transporter inhibition by the pyrethroids imiprothrin and prallethrin. Taken together, these data fully demonstrated that two pyrethoids, i.e., allethrin and tetramethrin, can act as regulators of the activity of various ABC and SLC drug transporters, but only when used at high and non-relevant concentrations, making unlikely any contribution of these transporter activity alterations to pyrethroid toxicity in environmentally exposed humans.
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-01477206
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01477206
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0169480
PUBMED : 28099443

Éditeur(s) : N. Ponce de León] N. Ponce de León] ( [New York )
Résumé : Signed by Miguel de Aldama and José Antonio Echeverría, who were diplomatic agents for the Cuban insurrectionary goverment.
Based on the pamphlet "Facts about Cuba" pub. in 1870 by the Junta Cubana de Nueva York.
"Constitution of the Republic of Cuba ... 1869": p. 33-36.
Cuba

000590078
23453151
ADB8880

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD IOP Publishing
Résumé : The 8th International Comparison of Absolute Gravimeters (ICAG2009) took place at the headquarters of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) from September to October 2009. It was the first ICAG organized as a key comparison in the framework of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement of the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM MRA) (CIPM 1999). ICAG2009 was composed of a Key Comparison (KC) as defined by the CIPM MRA, organized by the Consultative Committee for Mass and Related Quantities (CCM) and designated as CCM.G-K1. Participating gravimeters and their operators came from national metrology institutes (NMIs) or their designated institutes (DIs) as defined by the CIPM MRA. A Pilot Study (PS) was run in parallel in order to include gravimeters and their operators from other institutes which, while not signatories of the CIPM MRA, nevertheless play important roles in international gravimetry measurements. The aim of the CIPM MRA is to have international acceptance of the measurement capabilities of the participating institutes in various fields of metrology. The results of CCM.G-K1 thus constitute an accurate and consistent gravity reference traceable to the SI (International System of Units), which can be used as the global basis for geodetic, geophysical and metrological observations of gravity. The measurements performed afterwards by the KC participants can be referred to the international metrological reference, i.e. they are SI-traceable. The ICAG2009 was complemented by a number of associated measurements: the Relative Gravity Campaign (RGC2009), high-precision levelling and an accurate gravity survey in support of the BIPM watt balance project. The major measurements took place at the BIPM between July and October 2009. Altogether 24 institutes with 22 absolute gravimeters (one of the 22 AGs was ultimately withdrawn) and nine relative gravimeters participated in the ICAG/RGC campaign. This paper is focused on the absolute gravity campaign. We review the history of the ICAGs and present the organization, data processing and the final results of the ICAG2009. After almost thirty years of hosting eight successive ICAGs, the CIPM decided to transfer the responsibility for piloting the future ICAGs to NMIs, although maintaining a supervisory role through its Consultative Committee for Mass and Related Quantities.
ISSN: 0026-1394

hal-00795520
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00795520
DOI : 10.1088/0026-1394/49/6/666

Résumé : Partie intégrante de la République Française, les collectivités d’outre-mer oscillent entre identité institutionnelle avec la métropole et quête d'une certaine forme d'autonomie identitaire. Cette particularité trouve sa traduction dans les différentes réformes constitutionnelles depuis leur inscription dans les constitutions de 1946 et 1958. Avec la révision constitutionnelle de 28 mars 2003 sur l'organisation décentralisée de la République, une nouvelle donne institutionnelle s'ouvre pour ces collectivités d'Outre-Mer. Les consultations référendaires sur le statut de la Martinique organisées le 7 décembre 2003, puis les 10 et 24 janvier 2010 s'inscrivaient dans cette logique là.C’est dans ce contexte de mise en place d’une collectivité unique dotée d’une assemblée unique qu’il convient d'aborder les problématiques d’aménagement du territoire. Une telle approche passe par l’analyse des principaux textes relatifs à l’aménagement du territoire ainsi que des évolutions législatives dans ce domaine. Il est important de souligner la volonté sans cesse exprimée par les élus locaux pour l’exercice de plus de responsabilité notamment au regard des politiques d’aménagement du territoire. Pourtant, à ce niveau, le rôle de l’État demeure toujours aussi prépondérant et ce, en dépit des lois de décentralisation. D’où la nécessité d'approfondir l'étude des rapports entre collectivités territoriales et l’État. L’approche comparative des statuts juridiques de Martinique, Guadeloupe, Guyane, Saint-Martin, Polynésie française, s’impose dès lors comme une étape incontournable dans une telle analyse.
Integral part of the French Republic, communities overseas range from corporate identity with the city and looking for some form of self-identity . This feature is its translation into the various constitutional reforms since their inscription in the constitutions of 1946 and 1958. With the constitutional revision of 28 March 2003 on the decentralized organization of the Republic, a new institutional opens for these overseas communities. The referendums on the status of Martinique held December 7, 2003 , then on 10 and 24 January 2010 were part of this logic is in this context of establishing a unique community with a meeting only appropriate to address land issues. Such an approach requires an analysis of key texts relating to planning and legislative developments in this area. It is important to note the willingness constantly expressed by local elected officials to exercise more responsibility especially with regard to land use policies. However, at this level, the role of the state remains as dominant and , despite the decentralization laws. Hence the need for further study of the relationship between local authorities and the state. The comparative approach to legal status of Martinique , Guadeloupe , Guyana, Saint- Martin, French Polynesia , is therefore needed as an essential step in such an analysis.

http://www.theses.fr/2012AGUY0593

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Leishmania parasites induce an immunomodulation by subverting the host immune response towards a CD4(+) Th2 lymphocytic cell response that favors parasite persistence. Here, we report that after successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum, an immune reconstitution syndrome revealing hip septic arthritis was associated with a switch from Th2 towards a Th1 cytokine profile, and a decrease in the level of immunomodulating factors, such as soluble HLA-G and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity. We then measured IDO activity in a cohort of 39 patients and uninfected control subjects. Results showed significantly enhanced IDO activity in patients with visceral Leishmania infection, compared with uninfected control subjects (P < 0.001), but also compared with treated patients (P < 0.05). A decrease in IDO activity could constitute a relevant biomarker for the restoration of the immune response during visceral leishmaniasis.
Innate Immunity

inserm-00818884
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00818884
DOI : 10.1177/1753425912473170
PUBMED : 23413147

Éditeur(s) : Elsevier
Résumé : The distribution and speciation of mercury (Hg) in the water column, the inputs (wet deposition and tributaries) and the outputs (atmospheric evasion and outlet) of an artificial partially anoxic tropical lake (Petit-Sa-Lit reservoir, French Guiana) were investigated oil a seasonal basis in order to appraise the cycling and transformations of this metal. The total mercury (HgT) concentrations in the oxygenated epilimnetic waters averaged 5 +/- 3 pmol L-1 in the unfiltered samples (HgTUNF) and 4 +/- 2 pmol L-1 in the dissolved (HgTD) phase (< 0.45 mu m). On average, the monomethylmercury (MMHg) constituted 8%, 40%, and 18% of the HgT in the dissolved phase, tile particulate suspended matter and in tile unfiltered samples, respectively. Covariant elevated concentrations of particulate MMHg and chlorophyll a in the epilimnion suggest that phytoplankton is ail active component for the MMHg transfer in tile lake. In the anoxic hypolimnion the HgTUNF averages 13 +/- 6 pmol L-1 and tile HgTD 8 +/- 4 pmol L-1. The averages of MMHgP and MMHgD in hypolimnetic waters were two and three times the corresponding values of the epilimnion, 170 +/- 90 pmol g(-1) and 0.9 +/- 0.5 pmol L-1, respectively. In the long dry and wet seasons, at the flooded forest and upstream dam sampling stations, the vertical profiles of MMHgD concentrations accounted for two distinct maxima: one just below the oxycline and the other near the benthic interface. Direct wet atmospheric deposition accounted for 14 moles yr(-1) HgTUNF, with 0.7 moles yr(-1) as MMHgUNF, while circa 76 moles yr(-1) of HgTUNF, with 4.7 moles yr(-1) as MMHgUNF, coming from tributaries. Circa 78 moles (similar to 17% as MMHg) are annually exported through tile dam, while 23 moles yr(-1) of Hg-0 evolve in the atmosphere. A mass balance calculation suggests that the endogenic production of MMHgUNF attained 8.1 moles yr(-1), corresponding to a methylation rate of 0.06% d(-1). As a result, tile Petit-Saut reservoir is a large man-made reactor that has extensively altered mercury speciation in favor of methylated species.
Applied Geochemistry (0883-2927) (Elsevier), 2008-05 , Vol. 23 , N. 5 , P. 1101-1126

Droits : 2008 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4198.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.11.006
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/4198/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier Masson
Résumé : International audience
The premature loss of ovarian function may have physical and psychological consequences. A better understanding of its mechanism is therefore needed. Because they are affecting the oocyte quality, the decline of the ovarian reserve and high maternal age are implicated in many defects leading to chromosomal defects, modifications of gene expression or alterations of the mitochondrial pattern of the oocyte. However, cellular therapies such as ovarian follicle activation or isolation of ovarian stem cells are promising treatments of ovarian failure
Le diagnostic d’insuffisance ovarienne chez une femme ayant un projet d’enfanter aura des conséquences non seulement physiques mais également psychologiques. L’optimisation des stratégies de prise en charge thérapeutique nécessite une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes de survenue de cette défaillance. Les mécanismes responsables de la constitution et du maintien de la réserve ovarienne commencent à être élucidés. Avec le déclin de la réserve ovarienne, la qualité ovocytaire diminue, accentuant la baisse de la fertilité associée à l’âge maternel. Les ovocytes et les embryons résultant de patientes âgées présentent des taux d’aneuploïdies élevés, liés à des défauts de cohésion chromosomique et d’instabilité du fuseau méiotique, diminution de la capacité de réparation de l’ADN, altération de l’expression des gènes ou à une altération du fonctionnement mitochondrial. Avec la possibilité d’activer in vitro la folliculogenèse et l’isolement de cellules souches ovariennes, plusieurs pistes de thérapie cellulaire commencent à se développer et semblent très prometteuses.
ISSN: 1297-9589

hal-01231432
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01231432
DOI : 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2015.10.008
PUBMED : 26597936

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
11 4 : CEA/HC 12 13 Corresponding author: 14 pierre.legoff@cea.fr -+333 80 23 40 00 -+333 80 23 52 09 15 16 Abstract 17 As one of the three natural isotopes of hydrogen, tritium is ubiquitous and might potentially 18 be present in any water or organic molecule that constitutes a biological matrix. Milk is one of 19 the most frequently monitored foodstuffs in the vicinity of chronic release of radionuclides, as 20 it is a very common product and also because it integrates deposition on large areas of grass at 21 a local scale. Different parameters have been studied to assess their impact on the reliability 22 of tritium measurements. The volume of the sample, the technique used to extract the water 23 and the level of dehydration modulate the results but in different ways: dispersion of results, 24 under-or overestimation of the tritium activity. The influence of sample storage and 25 preparation has also been investigated. Methodological improvements of tritium 26 measurements in the free water of milk are proposed. 27 28
ISSN: 0265-931X

hal-01117741
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01117741
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01117741/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01117741/file/Tritium%20in%20the%20free%20water%20of%20milk-FINAL.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.09.006

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : The mangroves play a vital role in the ecological balance. They provide marine ecosystem resources and are involved in its stabilization and in the coastal protection. They constitute the growth areas of many species that feed marine species and particularly shrimp. We develop a standard fishery model by integrating mangroves area into the analysis. The extended model shows that mangrove plays animportant role in shrimp production and data related to it are well supported by the model. We analyze the e¤ects of mangrove on open access of the French Guiana shrimp fishery and show that mangrove is not the only factor that plays a vital role in the French Guiana shrimp fishery.
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01383024

hal-01383024
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01383024
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01383024v2/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01383024/file/Diop%20et%20al.%20%282016%29.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
Serpentinites form by hydration of mantle peridotite and constitute the largest potential reservoir of fluid-mobile elements entering subduction zones. Isotope ratios of one such element, boron, distinguish fluid contributions from crustal versus serpentinite sources. Despite 85% of boron hosted within abyssal peridotite being lost at the onset of subduction at the lizardite-to-antigorite transition, a sufficient cargo of boron to account for the composition of island arc magma is retained (c. 7 μg g− 1, with a δ11B of + 22‰) until the down-going slab reaches the antigorite-out isograd. At this point a 11B-rich fluid, capable of providing the distinctive δ11B signature of island arc basalts, is released. Beyond the uniquely preserved antigorite-out isograd in serpentinites from Cerro del Almirez, Betic Cordillera, Spain, the prograde lithologies (antigorite–chlorite–orthopyroxene–olivine serpentinite, granofels-texture chlorite-harzburgite and spinifex-texture chlorite-harzburgite) have very different boron isotope signatures (δ11B = − 3 to + 6‰), but with no significant difference in boron concentration compared to the antigorite-serpentinite on the low P–T side of the isograd. 11B-rich fluid, which at least partly equilibrated with pelagic sediments, is implicated in the composition of these prograde lithologies, which dehydrated under open-system conditions. Serpentinite-hosted boron lost during the early stages of dehydration is readily incorporated into forearc peridotite. This, in turn, may be dragged to sub-arc depths as a result of subduction erosion and incorporated in a mélange comprising forearc serpentinite, altered oceanic crust and pelagic sediment. At the antigorite-out isograd it dehydrates, thus potentially providing an additional source of 11B-rich fluids.
ISSN: 0009-2541

hal-01172276
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01172276
DOI : 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.03.015

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Cnrs
Résumé : International audience
Tourism, Labour, Migration : Relationships and Human Mobility. -- A significant economic reality, the tourism market is at the origin of new and varied migratory paths in an increasingly restrictive international context. Established and emerging tourist destinations provide interesting laboratories in which to analyse the logic of the multiple forms of contemporary mobility. They constitute platforms that receive flows of tourists and workers from which new migratory paths are forged. At the meeting points between various flows, interrelationships, overlappings, and new filiations take shape.
Turismo, trabajo, migración : interrelaciones y lógicas de movilidad. -- Como realidad económica consolidada, el mercado turístico se encuentra en el centro de trayectorias migratorias diversas y renovadas en un contexto internacional cada vez más complejo. Las zonas turísticas -las clásicas y las emergentes- constituyen interesantes laboratorios a la hora de analizar la lógica de las movilidades contemporáneas y sus múltiples recomposiciones.Estos lugares, que reciben flujos de turistas y trabajadores, son una especie de plataformas que generan nuevas corrientes migratorias. En estos puntos de encuentro entre flujos diversos surgen interrelaciones, imbricaciones, filiaciones.
Réalité économique établie, le marché touristique est au coeur de trajectoires migratoires variées et renouvelées dans un contexte international de plus en plus contraignant. Les lieux touristiques, anciens et émergents, constituent d'intéressants laboratoires pour analyser les logiques des mobilités contemporaines et leurs recompositions multiformes. Ils constituent des plates-formes qui reçoivent des flux de touristes et de travailleurs à partir desquelles s'établissent de nouvelles trajectoires migratoires. De ces points de rencontre entre des flux variés où se dessinent des interrelations, des chevauchements, des filiations.
ISSN: 0765-0752

hal-01413567
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01413567
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01413567/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01413567/file/2002%20Tourisme%2C%20travail%2C%20migration%20interrelation%20et%20logiques%20mobilitaires.pdf
DOI : 10.4000/remi.1676

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
The geology of the North Pyrenean Zone in the central Pyrenees allows for the observation in the field of theentire section of the Pyrenean rift, from the mantle to the crust and the Mesozoic cover (pre, syn and post rift).The good knowledge we have of the pre-Alpine history of the Pyrenees allows us to properly constrain the Alpinegeological evolution of the pre-Triassic rocks which record both Variscan and Alpine orogenic cycles.The mantle outcrop as kilometric to centimetric fragments of peridotite dispersed within a carbonate metamorphicbreccia. The study of peridotite serpentinisation shows several events of low-temperature serpentinisation, incontact with seawater. In some locallities, we can observe a mixture of fragments of variously serpentinizedperidotites. This suggests a tectonic context where fragments of peridotites from different structural levels weresampled more or less synchronously.The granulitic basement is characterized by a Variscan syndeformational HT event (300-280 Ma). So farwe have not found any trace of a Cretaceous HT event (> 500C). On the other hand, the basement is affectedby a regional metasomatism that began during the Jurassic and became more spatially focused with time until itwas restricted to the Pyrenean rift during the Aptien, Albian and Cenomanian. The talc-chlorite metasomatism(120-95 Ma) shows an evolution from a static toward a syn-deformation hydrothermal event, under a more or lessnormal geothermal gradient. Extensional deformation is recorded by the reworking of several inherited low-angleVariscan tectonic contacts, but also by dispersed high-angle extensional shear zones formed under greenshistconditions.The metamorphic Mesozoic cover of the basement massifs, which constitute the so-called Internal MetamorphicZone, is an allochtonous unit made of lenses of Mesozoic rocks enclosed into the breccia, whichlocally contains peridotite and basement clasts. The Mesozoic metamorphic carbonates show a first phase ofsyn-metamorphic (450-600C, P < 2 kb) ductile deformation, and subsequent phases of folding and fracturing.The datation of neoformed minerals give a 108-85 Ma time span for the metamorphism. We interpret this brecciaas an abandonment breccia which marks the emergence of the main detachment. The basal contact of the Mesozoiccover has a complex 3D geometry traced by Triassic evaporites. It corresponds to a major pre- and synorogenicpolyphased tectonic contact.All these data show a geometrically complex hyper-extended rift where the crust was not stretched under ahigh geothermal gradient but thinned by the tectonic extraction of relatively thin lenses and perhaps cut by highangle low-grade shear zones. The 3D geometry, as well as the strain records and the breccia lithologies stronglysuggest a non-cylindricity for the exhumation process, probably within a transtentional system
Geophysical Research Abstracts
Vienne, Austria

insu-01510371
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01510371

Éditeur(s) : AUF : Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie
Extrait de : "Projet Matrimoine Afro-Américano-Caribéen. La contribution des femmes au patrimoine mondial" : entretiens, le 11 mars 2020. Université des Antilles
Description : La contribution de l'excellence féminine au patrimoine culturel et artistique mondial représente la thématique essentielle du projet Matrimoine Afro-Américano-Caribéen (MAAC). Ce projet a été rendu possible grâce à un financement de l'Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie. Il se propose de constituer une base de données numérique réunissant des vidéos d'entretiens, de création ainsi qu'une bibliographie active et passive sur la notion de Matrimoine et ses usages dans la production contemporaine. Enfin, il entend contribuer à la constitution et à l'analyse du matrimoine culturel afro-américano-caribéen et les modalités de sa transmission dans la création contemporaine (littérature, arts et arts de la scène) de l'aire des Caraïbes (Barbade, Cuba, Guadeloupe, Jamaïque, Martinique, Haïti, République Dominicaine, Trinidad-et-Tobago) et des Amériques en général (notamment Amérique latine, Guyane, Brésil, États-Unis). Pour plus d'infos : https://matrimoine.art/about-project

Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V20131
V20131

Éditeur(s) : Springer
Résumé : Because of their characteristic living environments, marine organisms produce a variety of lipids. Fatty acids constitute the essential part of triglycerides and wax esters, which are the major components of fats and oils. Nevertheless, phospholipids and glycolipids have considerable importance and will be taken into account, especially the latter compounds that excite increasing interest regarding their promising biological activities. Thus, in addition to the major polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids, a great number of various fatty acids occur in marine organisms, e.g. saturated, mono- and diunsaturated, branched, halogenated, hydroxylated, methoxylated, non-methylene-interrupted. Various unprecedented chemical structures of fatty acids, and lipid-containing fatty acids, have recently been discovered, especially from the most primitive animals such as sponges and gorgonians. This review of marine lipidology deals with recent advances in the field of fatty acids since the end of the 1990s. Different approaches will be followed, mainly developing biomarkers of trophic chains in marine ecosystems and of chemotaxonomic interest, reporting new structures, especially those with biological activities or biosynthetic interest. An important part of this review will be devoted to the major PUFA, their relevance to health and nutrition, their biosynthesis, their sources (usual and promising) and market.
Marine Biotechnology I (0724-6145) (Springer), 2005 , Vol. 96 , P. 49-125

Droits : 2005 Springer-Verlag
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-937.pdf
DOI:10.1007/b135782
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/937/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Smoking is well-known to impair pharmacokinetics, through inducing expression of drug metabolizing enzymes. In the present study, we demonstrated that cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) also alters activity and expression of hepatic drug transporters, which are now recognized as major actors of hepatobiliary elimination of drugs. CSC thus directly inhibited activities of sinusoidal transporters such as OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OCT1 and NTCP as well as those of canalicular transporters like P-glycoprotein, MRP2, BCRP and MATE1, in hepatic transporters-overexpressing cells. CSC similarly counteracted constitutive OATP, NTCP and OCT1 activities in human highly-differentiated hepatic HepaRG cells. In parallel, CSC induced expression of BCRP at both mRNA and protein level in HepaRG cells, whereas it concomitantly repressed mRNA expression of various transporters, including OATP1B1, OATP2B1, OAT2, NTCP, OCT1 and BSEP, and enhanced that of MRP4. Such changes in transporter gene expression were found to be highly correlated to those caused by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, a reference activator of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway, and were counteracted, for some of them, by siRNA-mediated AhR silencing. This suggests that CSC alters hepatic drug transporter levels via activation of the AhR cascade. Importantly, drug transporter expression regulations as well as some transporter activity inhibitions occurred for a range of CSC concentrations similar to those required for inducing drug metabolizing enzymes and may therefore be hypothesized to be relevant for smokers. Taken together, these data established human hepatic transporters as targets of cigarette smoke, which could contribute to known alteration of pharmacokinetics and some liver adverse effects caused by smoking. © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Toxicology

hal-01367143
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01367143
DOI : 10.1016/j.tox.2016.07.011
PUBMED : 27450509

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD University of Arizona
Résumé : International audience
Taiwan is a young and seismically active mountain belt, where a series of strong earthquakes (M>7) have occurred over the past hundred years. Identifying historical earthquakes around Taiwan is a key to better constrain the geodynamic of this active region. Sedimentological and geochemical analyses of surface sediments from one station offshore east Taiwan revealed the presence of coarse-grained layers interpreted as turbidites. The age of these layers have been determined by 210Pb, 137Cs, and 241Am chronology. Dating of the three most recent turbidites provides ages of AD 2001±3, AD 1950±5, and AD 1928±10. The results show striking temporal correspondence of turbidite layers to large (M≥6.8) earthquakes recorded in the region since the 20th century. The chronologies of sediment layers lead us to believe that turbidites resulted from the 2003 Taitung earthquake (M 6.8), the 1951 Chengkong earthquake (M 7.1), and the 1935 Lutao earthquake (M 7.0), respectively. Such a good correlation between turbidites and high-magnitude (M≥6.8) historical and instrumental seismic events suggests that turbidite paleoseismology constitutes a valuable tool for earthquake assessment in the eastern Taiwan margin. Moreover, the modern reservoir radiocarbon age and the regional marine reservoir correction (ΔR) of the Kuroshio Current off Taiwan were estimated by comparing accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C ages with ages derived from corrected 210Pb profiles and historical accounts of identifiable seismic events. Such a determination is important to calibrate the 14C ages of marine materials for accurate comparison of marine and continental geological records. Our calculated mean ΔR value of 232±54 14C yr (n=2) is higher than its modern value of 86±40 14C yr. This high value can be explained by the presence of local upwelling cells and turbulence in the Kuroshio Current, north of Green Island. These upwelling cells bring 14C-depleted water to the surface, resulting in an increase of the modern ΔR value in this portion of the Kuroshio Current.
ISSN: 0033-8222

hal-01306986
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01306986
DOI : 10.1017/RDC.2015.3