Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé :  
Classifying species by shared life-history traits is important if common ecological response groups are to be identified among different species. We investigated how habitat area, local and regional factors shape plant communities in small isolated closed depressions, and how the species richness is related to the interplay between environmental factors and specific life-history trait combinations. In Central-Western Europe, 169 closed depressions were completely Surveyed for plant presence in two highly contrasted landscapes (forested and open landscapes). All species were clustered into 9 Emergent Groups based oil 10 life-history traits related to plant dispersal, establishment and persistence. Habitat areas were related to species presence using logistic regressions. Most Emergent Groups were more area-dependent in open than in forested landscapes, owing to heterogeneous light levels in forest weakening the species-area relationship. In open landscapes, Floating Hydrophytes were severely underrepresented in very small depressions, owing to the absence of waterfowl poulation. Local environmental and regional factors were related to species richness using Generalized Linear Models. In open landscapes, local environmental factors such as water conductivity or soil productivity are respectively the main predictors. In forested landscapes, the abundance of most Emergent Groups Was better predicted by regional factors, i.e., habitat connectivity and distance to the forest edge. Forested landscapes strongly impeded the closed depressions' colonization by the less mobile Emergent Groups Such as Large-seeded Perennials.
ISSN: 1146-609X

hal-01032144
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032144
DOI : 10.1016/j.actao.2009.02.002

Résumé : The availability in interesting sites and the zootechnical performances of tropical fish are two impo rt ant assets in favor of the development of fish farming in the Caribbean islands. This repor presents a technical and financial analysis of red drum farming projects in floating cages in Martinique(French West Indies). This project analysis makes it possible to compare the economic feasability of a small-scale production system with that of a semi-industrial one submitted to different technical constraints. The main criteria of the project analysis are the profitability of the funded capital, the financial feasability during the buildup period, the profitability at a steady state and the cost price. Production costs are hi gher in the the small-scale enterprises than in the semi-industrial ones, thanks to better capita] productivity and better labour productivity. An analysis of sensitivity to the variations ofbiological and economical parameters is also contained in the report. The results of these studies indicate that Caribbean fish farming could be profitable, due to the rapid buildup of the facilities and to the short production cycles. Nevertheless, attention should be paid to the risk of storms and hurricanes in this part of the world. Moreover, the analysis of sensitivity highlights the great influence of seed price. [NOT CONTROLLED OCR]
Les bonnes performances zootechniques des poissons tropicaux et la disponibilité en sites propices sont deux atouts majeurs favorables au développement de l'aquaculture de poissons dans les îles des Caraïbes. Ce rapport présente l'adaptation d'un outil de simulation technico- économique à l'éleva ge de l'ombrine en cages flottantes dans le contexte martiniquais. Cet outil permet de disposer d'éléments de comparaison sur la faisabilité de deux systèmes de production, Fun de type artisanal et l'autre de type semi- industriel, soumis à des contraintes techniquesdifférentes : rentabilité du capital investi, faisabilité financière au démarrage, rentabilité en année de routine, prix de revient. Une analyse de sensibilité des résultats aux variations de paramètres biologiques et économiques est également présentée. L'analyse de ces projets fait apparaître une rentabilité satisfaisante de l'activité, liée à la rapidité de mise en route des installations et à la brièveté des cycles de production. Line grande attention doit être cependant portée sur les risques d'accidents climatiques fréquents dans cette région du globe (cyclone, mais aussi tempête...). L'analyse de sensibilité montre la grande influence du prix d'achat de l'alevin, en particulier sur les résultats de la variante artisanale, dont le coût de production de l'ombrine rendue à quai, est plus élevé que celui de la variante semi- industrielle. [OCR NON CONTRÔLE]

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/rapport-4019.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/4019/

Éditeur(s) : Pêche thonière et dispositifs de concentration de poissons, Caribbean-Martinique, 15-19 Oct 1999
Résumé : French Polynesia started it's Fish Aggregating Device programme in June 1981 with the positioning of the first buoy offshore of the main island of Tahiti. Since then, 251 structures have been installed throughout the 5 archipelagoes of this French overseas territory. The shape and size of the devices have evolved 8 times over this period, however, a single model has not yet been adopted. Trials are currently underway using lighter structures similar to those found in the Indian Ocean. The anchoring lines have progressively been modified through better knowledge of material and product availability, as well as better understanding of environmental constraints. The programme is entirely financed by the territorial government and managed by the public sector. This ongoing technical assistance, aimed towards the local small-scale coastal fishery, is considered an important factor to maintaining this activity alive. Up until 1997, this economical support policy of outer island populations far from the metropolis central town, along with incidental fishing methods around FADs, have given mitigated results without nevertheless putting into cause this programme. The use of 'drifting handlines' retained at the surface by small indicator floats are one of the contributing factors to the degradation of the anchor lines. It is now commonly accepted that a new fishing strategy must be adopted so that professional coastal fishermen become more aware with regards to an expensive work tool due to local bathymetric conditions, so that fishing effort is increased through the development of better adapted fishing techniques, and finally so that community spirit rules over individualism.Original Abstract: Le programme d'ancrage de DCP en Polynesie francaise a vu le jour en juin 1981 avec l'implantation d'un premier dispositif au large des cotes de Tahiti. Depuis cette date, ce sont 251 structures qui ont ete installees dans les cinq archipels de ce pays d'outre-mer. La forme et la taille des bouees ont evolue huit fois sans etre definitivement arretees a un seul modele et des essais sur des structures legeres de type " Ocean Indien " sont en cours. Les lignes d'ancrage ont fait l'objet de modifications progressives en raison de meilleures connaissances des produits ainsi que des contraintes du milieu environnant. Ce programme est finance en totalite par le territoire de la Polynesie francaise et gere par le secteur public. Il s'adresse a la pecherie artisanale et cotiere qui considere depuis de nombreuses annees cette assistance technique comme un atout indispensable au maintien de son activite. La politique d'engagement de ce soutien economique jusqu'en 1997 aupres des populations d'iles et atolls tres eloignes de la capitale ainsi que l'incidence de la technique de peche la plus repandue autour des DCP ont abouti a des resultats mitiges sans pour autant remettre en cause ce programme. En effet, les lignes a main derivantes et retenues en surface par une petite bouee temoin sont un des principaux facteurs de degradation des lignes d'ancrage. Il est desormais reconnu par tous les intervenants qu'une nouvelle strategie doit etre deployee afin que les pecheurs cotiers professionnels soient mieux responsabilises face a un outil de travail onereux en raison de la bathymetrie environnante, pour que l'effort de peche soit accru par l'utilisation de techniques de peche mieux adaptees, et enfin que l'esprit communautaire prime sur l'individualisme.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15292/12649.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15292/

Éditeur(s) : London : J. Johnson, St. Paul's Church Yard & J. Edwards
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 18
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Martinique. Bibliothèque Schoelcher
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/SCH13242
SCH13242

Éditeur(s) : Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd
Résumé : Society's needs for a network of in situ ocean observing systems cross many areas of earth and marine science. Here we review the science themes that benefit from data supplied from ocean observatories. Understanding from existing studies is fragmented to the extent that it lacks the coherent long-term monitoring needed to address questions at the scales essential to understand climate change and improve geo-hazard early warning. Data sets from the deep sea are particularly rare with long-term data available from only a few locations worldwide. These science areas have impacts on societal health and well-being and our awareness of ocean function in a shifting climate. Substantial efforts are underway to realise a network of open-ocean observatories around European Seas that will operate over multiple decades. Some systems are already collecting high-resolution data from surface, water column, seafloor, and sub-seafloor sensors linked to shore by satellite or cable connection in real or near-real time, along with samples and other data collected in a delayed mode. We expect that such observatories will contribute to answering major ocean science questions including: How can monitoring of factors such as seismic activity, pore fluid chemistry and pressure, and gas hydrate stability improve seismic, slope failure, and tsunami warning? What aspects of physical oceanography, biogeochemical cycling, and ecosystems will be most sensitive to climatic and anthropogenic change? What are natural versus anthropogenic changes? Most fundamentally, how are marine processes that occur at differing scales related? The development of ocean observatories provides a substantial opportunity for ocean science to evolve in Europe. Here we also describe some basic attributes of network design. Observatory networks provide the means to coordinate and integrate the collection of standardised data capable of bridging measurement scales across a dispersed area in European Seas adding needed certainty to estimates of future oceanic conditions. Observatory data can be analysed along with other data such as those from satellites, drifting floats, autonomous underwater vehicles, model analysis, and the known distribution and abundances of marine fauna in order to address some of the questions posed above. Standardised methods for information management are also becoming established to ensure better accessibility and traceability of these data sets and ultimately to increase their use for societal benefit. The connection of ocean observatory effort into larger frameworks including the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) and the Global Monitoring of Environment and Security (GMES) is integral to its success. It is in a greater integrated framework that the full potential of the component systems will be realised. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Progress In Oceanography (0079-6611) (Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd), 2011-10 , Vol. 91 , N. 1 , P. 1-33

Droits : 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15557/15923.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.pocean.2011.05.001
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15557/

Éditeur(s) : London : Thomas Tegg
Résumé : Ex-Libris : [G. Y Warner]
4° édition
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Fondation Clément
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/FCL18002
FCL18002

Éditeur(s) : Agro Paris Tech
Résumé : P. acidilactici MA 18/5M is a dietary probiotic (BACTOCELL®) which has shown its efficiency on several terrestrial and aquatic species. The present thesis aimed to investigate more fully the effects of this probiotic on cultured penaeid shrimps. For this study, we chose a global approach by replacing the problem studied in a model of interactions between three compartments: the shrimp, its intestinal microflora and the probiotic. Having first defined how the probiotic should be administrated, we studied its effects under controlled laboratory conditions at several levels of Litopenaeus stylirostris biology: (i) Nutritional status and growth, (ii) associated bacterial microflora, and (iii) health status with respect to oxidative stress. Then the probiotic improves the growth of the shrimps and the feed conversion ratio. Our study shows that these effects are partially due to a better use of the feed, particularly of dietary carbohydrates, but also suggest an action on the metabolism, andor on the growth via a contribution of essential nutrients. On the other hand, although the intestinal bacterial communities seems little affected, we show an antagonism effect of the probiotic toward total and vibrionacea intestinal flora, as well as a decrease in the level of infection of shrimps during challenge with pathogenic V. nigripulchritudo. Beside, our works highlight that infection by this pathogen, led to a reduction in antioxidant defences, to a rise in oxidative damages, and to a release of mortalities within 48 hours. This oxidative stress following bacterial infection was better controlled by animals receiving the probiotic diet, and resistance of the shrimps to infection was significant improved. A nutritional hypothesis is proposed to explain such result, hypothesis based on a link between carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant status. As a conclusion of these works, we can propose a first explanatory scenario for the effects of P. acidilactici on a penaeid shrimp. Finally probiotic's effects were assessed under a pilot scale in a commercial farm from New Caledonia currently affected by the "summer syndrome ". We confirm the improvements brought in term of zootechnical results, with in particular, a better resistance to this syndrome. This work was made possible thanks to a breeding method in floating cages, developed during this thesis, and therefore transferred, as an experimental tool, to the shrimp industry of New Caledonia.
Pediococcus acidilacticii MA18/5M est un probiotique bactérien (BACTOCELL®) qui a démontré son efficacité chez plusieurs espèces d'animaux terrestres et aquatiques. Cette thèse avait pour objectif d'investiguer plus en détails les effets de ce probiotique chez les crevettes pénéides d'élevage. Pour cette étude, nous avons choisi une approche globale replaçant la problématique dans un modèle d'interactions entre trois compartiments : la crevette, sa microflore intestinale et le probiotique. Après avoir défini les modalités d'administration, l'effet de P. acicilactici a été étudié, en conditions de laboratoire, chez la crevette Litopenaeus stylirostris, à différents niveaux: (i) statut nutritionnel et croissance, (ii) microflore bactérienne associée, et (iii) santé de l'animal à travers son statut antioxydant et son niveau de stress oxydant. Ainsi, le probiotique améliore la croissance des crevettes et l'indice de conversion de l'aliment. Notre étude montre que ces effets sont en partie liés à une meilleure utilisation de l'aliment, notamment des carbohydrates alimentaires, mais suggèrent aussi une action sur le métabolisme, et/ou sur la croissance via un apport de nutriments essentiels. D'autre part, bien que les communautés bactériennes intestinales semblent peu affectées, un effet d'antagonisme du probiotique vis-à-vis de la flore intestinale totale et vibrionacée a été montré, ainsi qu'une réduction du niveau d'infection des crevettes au cours de challenge avec le pathogène V. nigripulchritudo. Par ailleurs, nous mettons en évidence que l'infection par ce pathogène, conduit à un abaissement des défenses antioxydantes, à une élévation des dégâts oxydatifs, et au déclenchement de mortalités dans les 48 heures. Le probiotique atténue le niveau de ce stress oxydant, et améliore significativement la résistance des crevettes à l'infection. Une hypothèse nutritionnelle est proposée afin d'expliquer ce résultat, hypothèse reposant sur un lien entre le métabolisme des carbohydrates et le statut antioxydant. A l'issue de ces travaux, nous pouvons alors proposer un premier scénario explicatif des effets de P. acidilactici chez une crevette pénéide. Finalement le probiotique a été éprouvé à l'échelle pilote sur une ferme commerciale de Nouvelle-Calédonie affectée par le « syndrome d'été ». Nous confirmons les améliorations apportées en termes de résultats zootechniques, avec notamment une meilleure résistance au syndrome. Ce travail a été réalisé grâce une méthode d'élevage en cages flottantes, mis au point au cours de cette thèse, et qui a dés lors été transférée, comme outil expérimental, à la filière crevetticole Calédonienne.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/these-6814.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/6814/

Éditeur(s) : London : the bookfellers
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 18
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Archives départementales de Guadeloupe
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/ADG17058
ADG17058

Résumé : Bycatch of marine turtles, vulnerable or endangered species, is a growing issue of all fisheries, including Oceanic purse-seine fishery. The present paper seeks to assess marine turtle bycatch at a spatial and temporal level in the European purse seine fishery operating in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. The study was based on data collected through French and Spanish observer programs from 1995 to 2011, a period where more than 230 000 fishing sets were realized by the UE fleets in both Oceans. A total of 15 913 fishing sets were observed, including 6 515 on drifting Fish Aggregate Devices (FAD) and 9 398 on Free Swimming Schools (FSC). Over the study period, 597 turtles were caught, 86% being released alive at sea. At the same time, from 2003 to 2011, 14 124 specific observations were carried out on floating objects whether they ended in a set or not. 354 marine turtles were observed upon which 80% were already free or entangled alive and therefore released alive. At the temporal and spatial level, data were organized and analysed by Ocean, fishing mode (FAD vs. FSC) as well as by year, quarter and statistical square of 1°. In order to evaluate the impact if this fishery in both Oceans, bycatch distribution was compared to the total fishing effort of the UE fleet, as well as to the known marine turtle post nesting migration routes, nesting population abundances and known feeding areas. The species composition, the size and sex structure of bycatch are also discussed here. At last, an attempt to raise the data to the total fishing effort was carried out. Based on observation of marine turtle by-catches on sets, we estimated that, globally, 3500 marine turtles were accidentally captured by the EU-PS fleet in the Atlantic Ocean from 1995 to 2010, and around 2000 in the Indian Ocean from 2003 to 2010, with a corresponding annual bycatch rate of 218 (SD=150; survival rate =91%) and 250 (SD=157; survival rate =77%) respectively in the Atlantic and Indian Ocean. However, because of important uncertainties mainly due to the low observation coverage and the scarcity of marine turtle bycatch events, it was impossible to produce solid and reliable global estimates of marine turtle bycatch and mortality due to PS activity.

Droits : 2012 IOTC
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00149/25991/24087.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00149/25991/

Éditeur(s) : Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd
Résumé : Several empirical and theoretical studies have shown how the exploitation of food sources, the choice of resting sites or other types of collective decision-making in heterogeneous environments are facilitated and modulated by social interactions between conspecifics. It is well known that many pelagic fishes live in schools and that this form of gregarious behavior provides advantages in terms of food intake and predator avoidance efficiency. However, the influence of social behavior in the formation of aggregations by tuna under floating objects (FOBs) is poorly understood. In this work, we investigated the collective patterns generated by different theoretical models, which either include or exclude social interactions between conspecifics, in the presence of two aggregation sites. The resulting temporal dynamics and distributions of populations were compared to in situ observations of tuna behavior. Our work suggests that social interactions should be incorporated in aggregative behavior to reproduce the temporal patterns observed in the field at both the individual and the group level, challenging the common vision of tuna aggregations around FOBs. Our study argues for additional data to further demonstrate the role of social behavior in the dynamics of these fish aggregations. Understanding the interplay between environmental and social factors in the associative behavior of fish with FOBs is necessary to assess the consequences of the widespread deployment of artificial FOBs by fishermen.
Journal Of Theoretical Biology (0022-5193) (Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd), 2014-10 , Vol. 359 , P. 161-170

Droits : 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00195/30638/29091.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.06.010
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00195/30638/

Éditeur(s) : Actes de la 8ème Conférence de l'IIFET (Marrakech, juillet 1996)
Résumé : In the framework of French-Brazil co-operation, the French Institute of research for exploitation of the sea (IFREMER), the State of Bahia and the company Littoral Sul Maricultura have developed a new technique for shrimp farming (Penaeus vannamei) using floating cages. After trials carried out during three years, this technique turns out very interesting from several viewpoints. The growth speed and the survival rate are very good, the negative effects on the environmental quality are weak and local fishermen have proved eager to adopt this technique as a part-time activity. In the same time, a technico-economic analysis, using a computerised simulation tool, as well as a market analysis in the State of Bahia have been carried out in order to assess the feasibility of such a project and to help research and development decisions. Despite low first investment and good biological results, the ex-farm production cost of shrimps weighing 15 g is as high as 4,5 US$ per kilo. This price is due to the low productivity of the labour and to the cost of nets which have a short life-time. It is possible to consider this activity as profitable on the market of Salvador de Bahia. Nevertheless, the question is how to face the international competition, which is particularly strong in the case of tropical shrimps. The conditions allowing enterprises to develop a strategy based on product quality and environmentally friendliness are reviewed. [NOT CONTROLLED OCR]
Dans le cadre de la coopération Franco-Brésilienne, l'IFREMER, l'Etat de Bahia et la société Littoral Sul Maricultura ont développé une nouvelle technique d'élevage de crevettes pénéides (Penaeus vannamei) en utilisant des cages flottantes. Après trois années de mise au point, cette technique s'est avérée intéressante sur plusieurs aspects. La vitesse de croissance et le taux de survie sont très satisfaisants, les effets négatifs sur la qualité du milieu naturel sont faibles et les pêcheurs locaux ont accueilli favorablement cette nouvelle pratique en complément de leur activité traditionnelle. Parallèlement, une analyse technico-économique utilisant un outil de simulation informatique ainsi qu'une analyse du marché de la crevette dans l'état de Bahia ont été conduites afin d'évaluer la faisabilité d'un tel projet et d'orienter les actions de recherche et développement. En dépit d'investissements initiaux plus faibles que dans les élevages en bassins et de bonnes performances zootechniques, le coût de production de crevettes de 15 g atteint 4,7 US$ par kilo. Dans les conditions de marché de l'Etat de Bahia, la rentabilité d'un projet d'élevage de crevettes en cage serait assurée, mais la faible productivité du travail et le coût de remplacement des filets ne permettent pas d'avoir des coûts de production aussi bas que dans les élevages en bassins. C'est pourquoi la question se pose de la possibilité pour ce type de production innovante d'affronter une concurrence internationale très forte comme dans le cas des crevettes tropicales. En particulier, les conditions dans lesquelles les entreprises peuvent développer une stratégie de compétitivité basée sur la qualité de leurs produits et sur le respect de l'environnement sont analysées. [OCR NON CONTRÔLE]

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/acte-4071.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/4071/

Éditeur(s) : [S.l.] : Longmans
Résumé : Les Anglais dans les Indes occidentales. Gravures
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Université des Antilles. Service commun de la documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/HASH1f8a614646a92da7410ddd
HASH1f8a614646a92da7410ddd

Éditeur(s) : London : Richard Phillips
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Archives territoriales de Guyane
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/GAD12003
GAD12003

Éditeur(s) : Pêche thonière et dispositifs de concentration de poissons, Caribbean-Martinique, 15-19 Oct 1999
Résumé : Hawaii was one of the first locations to adapt the Philippine payao concept for use in high energy, deep-water environments. Initial experimental fad deployments were made by the National Marine Fisheries Service in 1977. In 1980, the State of Hawaii started deploying FADs in a programme that has since expanded to its current status of 52 approved surface fad sites. Funding is primarily derived from federal US programmes and the FADs are primarily focused on the sport fishing community. fad sites were selected to expedite access by sport fishermen; specific sites were chosen after consultation with fishermen at public hearings. Since 1997, the FAD system has been managed on a collaborative basis between the State of Hawaii and the University of Hawaii. Hawaiian FADs evolved through two previous designs before the current system of single-sphere spar-buoy was adopted. Today's FADs have an "inverse catenary" mooring system comprised of sections of floating and sinking rope attached to a "tripod" concrete block anchor system. fad sites range between 3.2 km and 46 km from shore. Mooring depths range between 200 and 3,000 metres. Average on-site longevity is 31 months; there is no correlation between longevity and depth of mooring. Windward locations have significantly shorter lifespans than leeward locations. Ten to twenty fads are replaced each year. Each FAD costs approximately us$ 7,500 to build and deploy. Hawaiian fads are heavily used by private and commercial sport fishermen and by small-scale artisanal and commercial fishermen. Commercial pole-and-line boats occasionally use the FADs to capture skipjack tuna. Hawaiian FADs will continue to be used for various types of pelagic fisheries research.

Droits : Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15280/12666.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15280/

Éditeur(s) : Hamburg, Paris, Milano : The Albatross
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 20
Provenance : Université Caen Normandie. Service commun de la documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/CAE19035
CAE19035

Éditeur(s) : Pêche thonière et dispositifs de concentration de poissons, Caribbean-Martinique, 15-19 Oct 1999 15-19 octobre 1999
Résumé : The Mediterranean small-scale fleet is highly adaptive, showing a dynamic fishing intensity and strategy, and exploiting seasonal abundant resources. In this area, the aggregatory behaviour under floats of juvenile fish has been used since ancient times to exploit oceanic migratory species such as dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus), using Fish Aggregating anchored Devices (fads). A total of 2 300 boats are engaged in this fishery from August to December, the main fishing areas being those around Malta, Tunisia, Sicily and Majorca. The fads ( arrow right m2) are made of different cheap floating materials, and are moored in fixed places, ranging from shore waters to areas 60 miles off the coast (1 500 m depth). Each boat deploys an average of 20 to 100 fads. The gears used are special surrounding nets without purse line, and traditional purse seine nets. The fishery exploits young-of-the-year dolphinfish (<6 months old), originated by a pre-spawning migration of adults from Atlantic waters. Their catches show high annual and monthly variability, depending on the recruitment and the accessibility of recruits to the fishery. Pilotfish (Naucrates ductor) and greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) are also exploited in this fishery as by-catch. A total of about 1 000 metric tons of dolphinfish are yearly caught mainly in September-October. The fads are historically laid in August. Recently, the fads fishing period has increased in Sicily, and the fads are laid in July, so as to catch pilotfish and greater amberjak juveniles. In recent years, the interest for this fishing method and the study of these fisheries has increased in the Mediterranean. Though the market and its seasonality limit this exploitation, this fishery is economically profitable with good revenue.

Droits : Ifremer
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15286/12672.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15286/

Éditeur(s) : Amer Geophysical Union
Résumé : In the Atlantic Ocean, the northward export of warm surface water is compensated by a southward flow of cold North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW). The NADW is transported southward along the American continental margin within the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC). Some tracer and float observations have shown that part of the DWBC water flows eastward along the equator. Here we present three meridional velocity sections which give an instantaneous image of the top-to-bottom zonal circulation along the equatorial Atlantic. They reveal the presence of Equatorial Deep Jets (EDJs) between 1 degrees 30'N and 1 degrees 30'S, alternating eastward-westward currents with short vertical scale, surrounded by columns of eastward currents (the Extra Equatorial Jets or EEJs) at 2 degreesN and 2 degreesS. In addition to direct velocity measurements, tracer distributions give indications of water-mass feeding of the EDJs and EEJs by the DWBC.
Geophysical Research Letters (0094-8276) (Amer Geophysical Union), 2001-03 , Vol. 28 , N. 5 , P. 819-822

Droits : 2001 AGU
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/10369/9567.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/10369/

Éditeur(s) : Pêche thonière et dispositifs de concentration de poissons, Caribbean-Martinique, 15-19 Oct 1999
Résumé : In 1998, the French and Spanish tuna-boat owners associations have volentarily reconducted the Atlantic tuna protection plan (also called moratorium) initiated the previous year. This plan which has become an iccat recommendation for 1999, consists mainly in preventing fishing on floating objects (logs) and in having observers on board tuna purse seiners. Data collected by these observers and landing statistics allow to draw preliminary conclusions on some effects of the protection plan, on the fleets and on the Atlantic tuna stocks. Largely respected, the moratorium has led to a spatial redistribution of the fishing effort, an important reduction of the proportion of sets on logs and a decrease of the landings by one third compared to those realised the years before during the same months, particularily for the skipjack and the bigeye tunas. Moreover, data collected allow to calculate catch rates for a number of by-catch species in the purse seine fishery.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15313/12660.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00042/15313/

Éditeur(s) : Actes de colloques Ifremer, Tahiti, French Polynesia, 20 Feb - 4 Mar 1989, n°9, chap. 46, pp.487-498
Résumé : The Caribbean Marine Research Centre is conducting research on the development of methods for intensive culture of euryhaline red tilapias in marine environments for application to Caribbean islands and similar regions with limited freshwater resources.

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1493.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/1493/

Éditeur(s) : New York : The American geographical society
Résumé : 1 fascicule

Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Université de Nantes. Service commun de la documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/NAN13034
NAN13034