Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles et de la Guyane IRD : Institut de recherche pour le développement Université des Antilles et de la Guyane IRD : Institut de recherche pour le développement

Droits : Document protégé par le droit d'auteur
fichiers:HASH016c4ddb36114561dc787e21

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles et de la Guyane IRD : Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
Extrait de : "Paysages et biodiversités de la Caraïbe et des Guyanes" : colloque pluridisciplinaire, du 7 au 10 décembre 2010. Université des Antilles et de la Guyane

Droits : CC-BY-NC-ND - Attribution - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification
Provenance : Université des Antilles et de la Guyane. Service commun de la documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/HASH016c4ddb36114561dc787e21
HASH016c4ddb36114561dc787e21

Éditeur(s) : A compte d'auteur
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Ce document est protégé par le droit d'auteur. Il ne peut en aucun cas être utilisé sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et des ayant droits
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/recherch/T17004
T17004

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
Diagnosis of toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) in patients with AIDS is not straightforward because clinicians rely initially on an empiric diagnosis based on clinical and radiographic improvement to specific anti-Toxoplasma gondii therapy. There is therefore a need for biological tools to improve the diagnosis of TE, especially in tropical areas where this diagnosis is likely to be underestimated. The use of PCR testing in blood samples for the diagnosis of TE has been limited by its poor sensitivity in the studies conducted in Europe. In tropical South America, the results of PCR sensitivity in blood samples were controversial. Considering that T. gondii strains from tropical South America have substantial genetic and pathogenic differences with those from USA and Europe, it is therefore important to re-evaluate the performance of the PCR assay in blood samples for the diagnosis of TE in AIDS patients from this region. Our results showed that the only interest of PCR would be in the most severe forms of TE with altered consciousness because PCR is more likely to be positive. We also provided important genotyping data on T. gondii strains isolated in human cases of toxoplasmosis in the Caribbean and in South America.
ISSN: 1935-2727

hal-01503761
https://hal-unilim.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01503761
https://hal-unilim.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01503761/document
https://hal-unilim.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01503761/file/journal.pntd.0004790.pdf
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004790

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Thieme Publishing
Résumé : International audience
The purpose of this study was to investigate thermal response, hydration and performance over a 6-day, 142-km trail running race in tropical conditions. 9 participants competed in the 2011 Gwadarun (30 °C ± 2.4 °C and 82 ± 4 % RH). Data were collected on days 1, 4 and 6. Gastrointestinal temperature (T gi ) and heart rate (HR) were measured using portable telemetry units, whereas blood samples were collected for hematocrit, osmolarity, plasma concentrations, alkaline reserves and creatine phosphokinase. The performances expressed in speed were correlated with both total body water and body mass
ISSN: 0172-4622

hal-01135194
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01135194
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01135194/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-01135194/file/s-0033-1361186-ThermoregulationHydratationPerformance.pdf
DOI : 10.1055/s-0033-1361186

Éditeur(s) : Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd
Résumé : Society's needs for a network of in situ ocean observing systems cross many areas of earth and marine science. Here we review the science themes that benefit from data supplied from ocean observatories. Understanding from existing studies is fragmented to the extent that it lacks the coherent long-term monitoring needed to address questions at the scales essential to understand climate change and improve geo-hazard early warning. Data sets from the deep sea are particularly rare with long-term data available from only a few locations worldwide. These science areas have impacts on societal health and well-being and our awareness of ocean function in a shifting climate. Substantial efforts are underway to realise a network of open-ocean observatories around European Seas that will operate over multiple decades. Some systems are already collecting high-resolution data from surface, water column, seafloor, and sub-seafloor sensors linked to shore by satellite or cable connection in real or near-real time, along with samples and other data collected in a delayed mode. We expect that such observatories will contribute to answering major ocean science questions including: How can monitoring of factors such as seismic activity, pore fluid chemistry and pressure, and gas hydrate stability improve seismic, slope failure, and tsunami warning? What aspects of physical oceanography, biogeochemical cycling, and ecosystems will be most sensitive to climatic and anthropogenic change? What are natural versus anthropogenic changes? Most fundamentally, how are marine processes that occur at differing scales related? The development of ocean observatories provides a substantial opportunity for ocean science to evolve in Europe. Here we also describe some basic attributes of network design. Observatory networks provide the means to coordinate and integrate the collection of standardised data capable of bridging measurement scales across a dispersed area in European Seas adding needed certainty to estimates of future oceanic conditions. Observatory data can be analysed along with other data such as those from satellites, drifting floats, autonomous underwater vehicles, model analysis, and the known distribution and abundances of marine fauna in order to address some of the questions posed above. Standardised methods for information management are also becoming established to ensure better accessibility and traceability of these data sets and ultimately to increase their use for societal benefit. The connection of ocean observatory effort into larger frameworks including the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) and the Global Monitoring of Environment and Security (GMES) is integral to its success. It is in a greater integrated framework that the full potential of the component systems will be realised. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Progress In Oceanography (0079-6611) (Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd), 2011-10 , Vol. 91 , N. 1 , P. 1-33

Droits : 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15557/15923.pdf
DOI:10.1016/j.pocean.2011.05.001
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15557/

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Up-to-date estimates of the health outcomes of preterm children are needed for assessing perinatal care, informing parents, making decisions about care, and providing evidence for clinical guidelines. To determine survival and neonatal morbidity of infants born from 22 through 34 completed weeks' gestation in France in 2011 and compare these outcomes with a comparable cohort in 1997. The EPIPAGE-2 study is a national, prospective, population-based cohort study conducted in all maternity and neonatal units in France in 2011. A total of 2205 births (stillbirths and live births) and terminations of pregnancy at 22 through 26 weeks' gestation, 3257 at 27 through 31 weeks, and 1234 at 32 through 34 weeks were studied. Cohort data were collected from January 1 through December 31, 1997, and from March 28 through December 31, 2011. Analyses for 1997 were run for the entire year and then separately for April to December; the rates for survival and morbidities did not differ. Data are therefore presented for the whole year in 1997 and the 8-month and 6-month periods in 2011. Survival to discharge and survival without any of the following adverse outcomes: grade III or IV intraventricular hemorrhage, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity (stage 3 or higher), or necrotizing enterocolitis (stages 2-3). A total of 0.7% of infants born before 24 weeks' gestation survived to discharge: 31.2% of those born at 24 weeks, 59.1% at 25 weeks, and 75.3% at 26 weeks. Survival rates were 93.6% at 27 through 31 weeks and 98.9% at 32 through 34 weeks. Infants discharged home without severe neonatal morbidity represented 0% at 23 weeks, 11.6% at 24 weeks, 30.0% at 25 weeks, 47.5% at 26 weeks, 81.3% at 27 through 31 weeks, and 96.8% at 32 through 34 weeks. Compared with 1997, the proportion of infants surviving without severe morbidity in 2011 increased by 14.4% (P < .001) at 25 through 29 weeks and 6% (P < .001) at 30 through 31 weeks but did not change appreciably for those born at less than 25 weeks. The rates of antenatal corticosteroid use, induced preterm deliveries, cesarean deliveries, and surfactant use increased significantly in all gestational-age groups, except at 22 through 23 weeks. The substantial improvement in survival in France for newborns born at 25 through 31 weeks' gestation was accompanied by an important reduction in severe morbidity, but survival remained rare before 25 weeks. Although improvement in survival at extremely low gestational age may be possible, its effect on long-term outcomes requires further studies. The long-term results of the EPIPAGE-2 study will be informative in this regard.
ISSN: 2168-6211

hal-01258705
http://hal.univ-brest.fr/hal-01258705
PUBMED : 25621457
DOI : 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.3351

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
The development of inflammatory granulomas around infected Kupffer cells is necessary for hepatic parasite clearance during visceral leishmaniasis. Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are predominant T cells in the mouse liver and can synthesize large quantities of IL-4 and IFN-γ, two cytokines involved in granuloma formation. This study analyzed the role of iNKT cells in the hepatic immune response during Leishmania donovani infection, using a murine model of wild-type (WT) and iNKT cell-deficient (Jα18⁻/⁻) C57BL/6 mice sacrificed 15, 30 or 60 days post-infection. We recorded hepatic parasite loads, cytokine expression, and analyzed granulomatous response by immunohistochemistry and hepatic immune cell infiltration by flow cytometry. Whereas WT animals rapidly controlled the infection and developed an inflammatory response associated with a massive influx of iNKT cells observed by flow cytometry, Jα18⁻/⁻ mice had significantly higher parasitic loads on all time points. This lack of control of parasite burden was associated with a delay in granuloma maturation (28.1% of large granulomas at day 60 versus 50.7% in WT). Cytokine transcriptome analysis showed that mRNA of 90/101 genes encoding chemokines, cytokines and their receptors, was underexpressed in Jα18⁻/⁻ mice. Detection of IL-4 and TNF-α by ELISA in liver extracts was also significantly lower in Jα18⁻/⁻ mice. Consistent with flow cytometry analysis, cytokinome profile in WT mice showed a bias of expression towards T cell-chemoattractant chemokines on D15, and displayed a switch towards expression of granulocytes and/or monocytes -chemoattractant chemokines on D60. In Jα18⁻/⁻ mice, the significantly lower expression of CXCL5, MIP-2 and CCL2 mRNA was correlated with a defect in myeloperoxidase positive-cell attraction observed by immunohistochemistry and with a lower granulocyte and monocyte infiltration in the liver, as shown by flow cytometry. These data indicate that iNKT cells play a role in early and sustained pro-inflammatory cytokine response warranting efficient organization of hepatic granulomas and parasite clearance.
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-00696897
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00696897
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00696897/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00696897/file/Invariant_NKT_Cells_Drive-accepted.pdf
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0033413

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Karthala
Résumé : International audience
Après une longue période d’installations anarchiques sur les côtes de Guadeloupe et de Martinique, la construction en bord de mer est réglementée. On passe ainsi d’un espace libre à un littoral d’institution. Les municipalités accompagnent ce mouvement afin de restructurer les front de mer. Les motivations sont nombreuses : améliorer la qualité de l’habitat, rendre cohérent le plan d’urbanisme, développer le tourisme, protéger les populations des dégâts causés par les houles cycloniques.
La question de la terre dans les colonies et départements français d'Amérique 1848-1998

ISBN : 2-84586-137-0
hal-01172545
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01172545

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
Retreatment with pegylated interferon (peg-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) results in poor sustained virological response (SVR) rates in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfected patients. There are limited data regarding the use of telaprevir plus peg-IFN/RBV in this population. HIV type 1-infected patients who previously failed ≥12 weeks of peg-IFN/RBV for HCV genotype 1 coinfection were enrolled in a single-arm, phase 2 trial. Patients with cirrhosis and previous null response were excluded. Authorized antiretrovirals were tenofovir, emtricitabine, efavirenz, atazanavir, and raltegravir. All patients received peg-IFN alfa-2a (180 µg/week) plus RBV (1000-1200 mg/day) for 4 weeks, followed by telaprevir (750 mg or 1125 mg every 8 hours with efavirenz) plus peg-IFN/RBV for 12 weeks and peg-IFN/RBV for 32-56 weeks according to virological response at week 8. The primary endpoint was the SVR rate at 24 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR24). Sixty-nine patients started treatment; SVR24 was achieved in 55 (80% [95% confidence interval, 68%-88%). SVR24 was not influenced by baseline fibrosis stage, IL28B genotype, antiretroviral regimen, HCV subtype, CD4 cell count, previous response to HCV treatment, HCV RNA level, or HCV RNA decline at week 4. HCV treatment was discontinued for adverse events (AEs) in 20% of patients, including cutaneous (4%), psychiatric (4%), hematological (6%), and other AEs (6%). Peg-IFN or RBV dose reduction was required in 23% and 43% of patients, respectively. Seventy percent of patients required erythropoietin, blood transfusions, or RBV dose reduction for anemia. Two patients died during the study. No HIV breakthrough was observed. Despite a high discontinuation rate related to toxicity, a substantial proportion of treatment-experienced HIV-coinfected patients achieved SVR24 with a telaprevir-based regimen. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT01332955.
ISSN: 1058-4838

hal-01118447
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01118447
PUBMED : 25139963
DOI : 10.1093/cid/ciu659

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : International audience
Febrile illness is a common cause of attendance at emergency departments. The purpose of this study was to describe infectious aetiologies of fever in a tropical setting. We prospectively included 1443 febrile patients, all French Guiana residents, who presented at Cayenne Hospital emergency department. This report will propose an overview of aetiologies of febrile illness in French Guiana, and tropical diseases such as malaria and arbovirus infections are discussed. Almost 30% of fevers remained unexplained. Further prospective multicentre studies are warranted to improve the diagnosis of overlooked pathogens in French Guiana. Such studies would lead to conclusions of specific interest in the travel medicine field.
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene / Transactions of the Royal Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

pasteur-00584097
https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00584097
DOI : 10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.06.011
PUBMED : 18640694

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD CNRS éditions
Résumé : International audience
Die antike Siedlung von Mandeure und Mathay (Epomanduodurum), welche durch ihre Größe und ihre monumentale Ausstattung als die zweitwichtigste Stadt der Sequaner hinter der Civitashauptstadt Besançon betrachtet wird, ist Gegenstand eines interdisziplinarischen Forschungsprogramms. Dieser Artikel stellt eine Bilanz der Ergebnisse der zwischen 2001 und 2004 durchgeführten Forschungen dar. Im Mittelpunkt der Forschungen der ersten Phase stand der zentralen Teil der Siedlung mit dem Bereich Heiligtum-Theater-spätrömische Befestigung, der für die Problematik der Entstehung, der Entwicklung und dem Ende der römischen Besiedlung besonders interessant ist. Verschiedene, sich ergänzende Projekte wurden eingeleitet: Erforschung des alten Dokumentarbestandes, geophysikalische Prospektionen, geoarchäologische Sondierungen, Plangrabungen, architektonische Untersuchunge. Durch diese Projekte war es möglich, die Kenntnisse über die drei wichtigen Großbauten (Heiligtum-Theater-spätrömische Befestigung) grundsätzlich zu vertiefen und insbesondere die geophysikalischen Prospektionsergebnisse lassen in bemerkenswerter Weise einen dichten Baubestand dieses Stadtteils erkennen. Schließlich konnte die Funktion und die Entwicklung der Flußebene des Doubs in diesem Bereich besser verstanden werden als auch die Art und Weise in welcher die antike Monumentalanlage in diesen einzigartigen natürlichen Rahmen einbezogen wurde.
Since 2001, a collective pluridisciplinary research programme is being undertaken on the antique town of Epomanduodurum in the communes of Mandeure and Mathay. This site is considered like the second one of the Sequani, for its dimensions and the monuments, after the civitas capital, Besançon. This article is an assessment of the investigations conducted between 2001 and 2004. During this period, the central part of the site was studied (sanctuary, theatre, Late fortification area), considered as the most significant for the question of the birth, development and decline of the town. Various complementary approaches have been carried out: study of archives, geophysical and geoarchaeological survey, extent excavations, architectural analyses. They lead to a better understanding of the three main buildings (the Celtic and Gallo-Roman sanctuary, the theatre of the Principate, the Late Antique fortification) and they add considerable informations about the pattern of settlement of this area; so it is possible to detect more precisely the spatial organization and finally to understand how the alluvial plain of the Doubs river was functioning and how the monumental complex has been integrated in such a peculiar landscape.
L'agglomération antique d'Epomanduodurum, située sur les communes de Mandeure et Mathay, et considérée comme la seconde du pays séquane par la taille et la parure monumentale, derrière la capitale de cité, Besançon, fait l'objet d'un programme collectif de recherche, pluridisciplinaire, depuis 2001. Cet article dresse un bilan des résultats des fouilles réalisées entre 2001 et 2004. Dans cette première phase, les investigations ont porté principalement sur la partie centrale du site (secteur sanctuaire-théâtrefortification tardive), perçue comme particulièrement intéressante pour la problématique de la naissance, du développement et du déclin de l'agglomération. Différentes approches complémentaires ont été lancées : étude du fond documentaire ancien, prospections géophysiques, sondages géoarchéologiques, fouilles extensives, études architecturales. Elles ont permis d'approfondir la connaissance des trois principaux édifices (sanctuaire laténien et gallo-romain, théâtre du Haut-Empire, fortification du Bas-Empire), de compléter de façon très notable la trame de l'occupation de ce secteur, et donc d'en mieux percevoir l'organisation spatiale, enfin de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement de la plaine alluviale du Doubs et l'insertion dans ce contexte naturel particulier d'un complexe monumental antique.
ISSN: 0016-4119

halshs-00718356
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00718356

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD EDP Sciences
Résumé : Cette communication présente les principaux résultats du projet ExtraFlo sur l'estimation des pluies et crues extrêmes. A partir d'un jeu de données conséquent de plusieurs milliers de stations, une procédure d'inter-comparaison a permis d'évaluer les performances d'une trentaine d'implémentations différentes issues de différentes combinaisons (modèle probabiliste, méthode d'estimation, cadre local / régional / mixte local et régional). Le projet ExtraFlo a permis de mettre en évidence le manque de robustesse des approches basées sur le traitement statistique d'une série de quelques dizaines d'années d'observation. Des alternatives intéressantes existent, basées sur l'exploitation des records de pluie et de débit à l'échelle d'une région, de la collecte de données historiques quand cela est possible, de méthodes de simulation basées sur le couplage d'un générateur d'averses avec un modèle hydrologique pour la transformation des pluies en débit, ou des traces morphologiques laissées par les crues anciennes.
ISSN: 0018-6368

hal-01054313
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01054313
DOI : 10.1051/1hb/2014010

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Musée de l’histoire de l’immigration
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 1142-852X

hal-01655105
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01655105
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01655105/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01655105/file/LA%20GUADELOUPE%20ET%20LA%20MARTINIQUE%20HOMMES%20%26%20MIGRATIONS.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley Open Access
Résumé : Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species' threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project - and avert - future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups - including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems - ). We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015.
ISSN: 2045-7758

hal-01204216
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01204216
DOI : 10.1002/ece3.1303
PRODINRA : 280886

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press
Résumé : International audience
The BioMart Community Portal (www.biomart.org) is a community-driven effort to provide a unified interface to biomedical databases that are distributed worldwide. The portal provides access to numerous database projects supported by 30 scientific organizations. It includes over 800 different biological datasets spanning genomics, proteomics, model organisms, cancer data, ontology information and more. All resources available through the portal are independently administered and funded by their host organizations. The BioMart data federation technology provides a unified interface to all the available data. The latest version of the portal comes with many new databases that have been created by our ever-growing community. It also comes with better support and extensibility for data analysis and visualization tools. A new addition to our toolbox, the enrichment analysis tool is now accessible through graphical and web service interface. The BioMart community portal averages over one million requests per day. Building on this level of service and the wealth of information that has become available, the BioMart Community Portal has introduced a new, more scalable and cheaper alternative to the large data stores maintained by specialized organizations.
ISSN: 0305-1048

hal-01146849
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01146849
DOI : 10.1093/nar/gkv350
PUBMED : 25897122

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
The Sivas Basin, located in the Central Anatolian Plateau of Turkey, is a foreland basin that records a complex interaction between sedimentation, salt tectonics and regional shortening during the Oligo-Miocene leading to the formation of numerous mini-basins. The Oligocene sedimentary infill of the mini-basins consists of a thick continental succession, the Karayün Formation, comprising a vertical succession of three main sub-environments: (i) playa-lake, (ii) fluvial braided, and (iii) saline lacustrine. These sub-environments are seen as forming a large Distributive Fluvial System (DFS) modified through time as a function of sediment supply and accommodation related to regional changes in climate and tectonic regime. Within neighbouring mini-basins and despite a similar vertical stratigraphic succession, subtle variations in facies assemblages and thickness are observed in stratigraphic units of equivalent age, thus demonstrating the local control exerted by halokinesis. Stratigraphic and stratal patterns reveal in great detail the complex interaction between salt tectonics and sedimentation including different types of halokinetic structures such as hooks, wedges and halokinetic folds. The regional variations of accommodation/sediment supply led to coeval changes in the architectural patterns recorded in the mini-basins. The type of accommodation regime produces several changes in the sedimentary record: (i) a regime dominated by regional accommodation limits the impact of halokinesis, which is recorded as very small variations in stratigraphic thickness and facies distribution within and between mini-basins; (ii) a regime dominated by localized salt-induced accommodation linked to the subsidence of each individual mini-basin enhances the facies heterogeneity within the DFS, causing sharp changes in stratigraphic thickness and facies assemblages within and between mini-basins.
ISSN: 0950-091X

hal-01685659
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01685659
DOI : 10.1111/bre.12171

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
The thermal evolution of sediments in the shallowest part of sedimentary basins is challenging to investigate as most of the geothermometers are at their application limits. This is typically the case of the Callovian-Oxfordian claystones at the eastern border of the Paris Basin. A recent 2000 m deep well penetrated the entire Jurassic and Triassic sedimentary series and permitted coring of sediments never reached by previous drilling in this part of the basin. Thanks to the use of several independent geothermometers (apatite fission track thermochronology, fluid inclusion microthermometry, clay mineralogy and sedimentary organic matter evolution) the burial history of the Mesozoic series has been reconstructed, modeled and calibrated using kinetic algorithms relevant to the various paleothermometers used. In addition to these conventional methods, an innovative approach was developed using the temperature-dependence of the magnetic mineral assemblage within clay-rich sediments ("MagEval"). Thermal modeling indicates that the Callovian-Oxfordian and the Lower Triassic experienced maximum burial temperatures of 50 +/- 5 C-circle and 90 +/- 10 C-circle respectively, i.e., about 25 C higher than present-day. This temperature offset implies the erosion of several hundred meters of sediments which, depending on the thermal flux and conductivity considered, most likely constituted Upper Cretaceous chalk deposits. Falling sea level resulted in the exposure and subsequent dismantling of the chalk cover at the beginning of Cenozoic times. The eastern border of the basin was then subjected to slow erosion and discrete tectonic deformation.
ISSN: 0264-8172

hal-01313142
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01313142
DOI : 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.08.019

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : poster presentation, 22nd European Meeting on Hypertension and Cardiovascular protection, London,26-29 April 2012
OBJECTIVE: Several studies demonstrate that the perception of overweight is associated with attempts at weight control in overweight subjects. Our objective is to describe the factors associated with the perception of overweight in an adult Caribbean population, and in particular, to assess the relationship between the perception of overweight and previous medical diagnosis of overweight. METHOD AND DESIGN: Consant was a cross-sectional study carried out in 2007 on a representative sample of the adult Guadeloupean population. Included were 1,005 subjects aged 25-74 years, drawn from stratified random sampling, and interviewed at home. The perception of overweight was evaluated by the question: "Do you consider yourself to be overweight?" with a binary response. RESULTS: Among overweight subjects (Body Mass Index ≥ 25 kg/m2, n = 576), 38.6% provided an incorrect assessment of their weight status. This proportion falls to 17.4% in those who stated to have previously received a medical diagnosis of overweight. However, only 48.8% of overweight subjects stated to have received such a diagnosis. A logistic regression shows that the underestimation of weight status is associated with the absence of previous diagnosis for overweight (OR: 5.35 - p < 10-3), as well as an age greater than or equal to 55 years (OR: 2.91 - p < 10-3), a BMI of less than 30 kg/m² (OR: 2.26 - p: 0.001), the male sex (OR: 1.86 - p: 0.004), and a low income level (OR: 1.62 - p: 0.030), but not a lack of awareness regarding the role of weight control in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Similar results are observed if waist circumference is taken as a factor instead of BMI. CONCLUSION: In this population, the lack of medical diagnosis of overweight was the leading factor associated with misperception of overweight. Screening for overweight therefore appears to be one of the preconditions to weight management, and remains a fundamental but often unused element in the fight against obesity.
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00739785

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
hal-00739785
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00739785
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00739785/document
https://hal.univ-antilles.fr/hal-00739785/file/The_lacksur screening_is_the_leading_factor_associated_with_the_misperceptionsur overweight_cor.pdf

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Météo et Climat
Résumé : International audience
D'initiative française, le projet international HyMeX a pour objectif d'améliorer la compréhension du cycle de l'eau en Méditerranée, de sa variabilité, de l'échelle de l'événement météorologique aux échelles saisonnières et interannuelles, et de ses caractéristiques sur une décennie, dans un contexte de changement global. Le projet est motivé par le rôle déterminant des processus de mésoéchelle, couplés entre l'atmosphère, la mer et la terre, sur la variabilité du système climatique et sur le déclenchement d'événements hydrométéorologiques extrêmes (précipitations et inondations, vents forts et convection océanique, canicules et sécheresses). Le projet vise enfin à évaluer les conséquences de ces événements extrêmes sur la vulnérabilité sociale et économique de cette région et sa capacité d'adaptation.
ISSN: 0026-1181

hal-00828758
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828758
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828758/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00828758/file/meteo_2013_80_23%20%281%29.pdf
DOI : 10.4267/2042/48792