Manioc : Portail | resultats 221 - 240 pour la recherche: Technology

Éditeur(s) : Littoral 2004, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK, September 2004
Résumé : NAMIBIE (a french acronym for Integrated Multimedia Navigator Within Coastal Environment Data Bases) is a specific tool which first concept has been established by Ifremer and has been developped by an association between research in the field of coastal environment, innovation in the field of new information and communication technologies and services in the field of coastal integrated management and impact studies. The objectives of this tool are to facilitate research, direct access and display of relevant multimedia coastal integrated data and information according to an interactive, widely opened and playfull interface. The principles are based upon the fact that sustainable decision making needs an optimized unterstanding of coastal processes and better consultation between actors. In this purpose the development of the tool has considered that the end-user should and could be free to look after the data and the information he needs for a particular site or environment of interest and for a specific ICZM question according to easy navigation interfaces. That is why NAMIBIE concept is based upon : - a coherent 3D representation of the coasts (i.e. from catchement areas to continental shelf and deep sea), which considers a coherent DEM from land to sea and textural representation of the environment using satellite imagery textural displays, - a 3D navigator which allows the user to fly or dive over and within the coastal environment of interest, - a multimedia database (text, graphs, image, maps, geographic objects, modelling results...) specific to the territory of interest, - an interactive interface which helps in finding relevant information associated to specific questions. The technologies used include VRML data format, integration of standard GIS format (shp, grid, img) within the navigator, integration and display of modelling data. The production chain is realized in C++ and Java scripts allow dialogue between web pages and 3D windows. Applications are presented on the coasts of Languedoc Roussillon region (French Mediterranean border) in the framework of ICZM problematics

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00089/20055/17696.pdf
http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00089/20055/

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Three steps of serpentinization in an eclogitized oceanic serpentinization front (Lanzo Massif - Western Alps)
Auteur(s) : Debret, B. Nicollet, C. Andreani, Muriel Schwartz, S. Godard, Marguerite
Auteurs secondaires : Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV) ; Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGE) ; École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre) ; Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF) - Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219 - PRES Université de Grenoble - Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Géosciences Montpellier ; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) - Université de Montpellier (UM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell
Résumé : International audience
The Lanzo peridotite massif is a fragment of oceanic lithosphere generated in an ocean-continent transition context and eclogitized during alpine collision. Despite the subduction history, the massif has preserved its sedimentary oceanic cover, suggesting that it may have preserved its oceanic structure. It is an exceptional case for studying the evolution of a fragment of the lithosphere from its oceanization to its subduction and then exhumation. We present a field and petrological study retracing the different serpentinization episodes and their impact on the massif structure. The Lanzo massif is composed of slightly serpentinized peridotites (<20% serpentinization) surrounded by an envelope of foliated serpentinites (100% serpentinization) bordered by oceanic metabasalts and metasedimentary rocks. The limit between peridotites and serpentinites defines the front of serpentinization. This limit is sharp: it is marked by the presence of massive serpentinites (80% serpentinization) and, locally, by dykes of metagabbros and mylonitic gabbros. The deformation of these gabbros is contemporaneous with the emplacement of the magma. The presence of early lizardite in the peridotites testifies that serpentinization began during the oceanization, which is confirmed by the presence of meta-ophicarbonates bordering the foliated serpentinite envelope. Two additional generations of serpentine occur in the ultramafic rocks. The first is a prograde antigorite that partially replaced the lizardite and the relict primary minerals of the peridotite during subduction, indicating that serpentinization is an active process at the ridge and in the subduction zone. Locally, this episode is followed by the deserpentinization of antigorite at peak P-T (estimated in eclogitized metagabbros at 2-2.5 GPa and 550-620 °C): it is marked by the crystallization of secondary olivine associated with chlorite and/or antigorite and of clinopyroxene, amphibole and chlorite assemblages. A second antigorite formed during exhumation partially to completely obliterating previous textures in the massive and foliated serpentinites. Serpentinites are an important component of the oceanic lithosphere generated in slow to ultraslow spreading settings, and in these settings, there is a serpentinization gradient with depth in the upper mantle. The seismic Moho limit could correspond to a serpentinization front affecting the mantle. This partially serpentinized zone constitutes a less competent level where, during subduction and exhumation, deformation and fluid circulation are localized. In this zone, the reaction kinetics are increased and the later steps of serpentinization obliterate the evidence of this progressive zone of serpentinization. In the Lanzo massif, this zone fully recrystallized into serpentinite during alpine subduction and collision. Thus, the serpentinite envelope represents the oceanic crust as defined by geophysicists, and the sharp front of serpentinization corresponds to an eclogitized seismic palaeo-Moho.
ISSN: 0263-4929

hal-00823051
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00823051
DOI : 10.1111/jmg.12008

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Instruments économiques et réglementaires au profit du développement des micro, petites et moyennes entreprises (MPME) en Haïti
Auteur(s) : Simon, Philippe

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles Études caribéennes
Résumé : Ce travail dresse un bilan sur la situation des MPME en Haïti et propose une analyse succincte de l’impact des instruments économiques, réglementaires et technologiques au développement économique et à la protection de l’environnement. Les discussions menées ont permis de découvrir que l’application de ces instruments est une perspective d’amélioration du développement économique des MPME.La structuration des MPME reste la principale action stratégique de croissance et représente une grande valeur ajoutée pour le développement économique du pays. Le panorama des MPME haïtiennes nous a permis de compléter les insuffisances du cadre légal réglementant le fonctionnement des MPME et de comprendre leur participation à la croissance économique du pays. Ce sont des outils indispensables pour réduire la pauvreté, faciliter le développement et renforcer les politiques de protection de l’environnement à travers le pays.
This study assesses the place of MSMEs in Haiti and gives a brief description of the relevant economic, regulatory and technological instruments of economic development and environmental protection. The discussions suggest that the application of such instruments will encourage and improve economic development in Haiti.The infrastructure necessary for MSEs drives growth and offers added value to economic development in Haiti. With an overview of Haitian MSEs we have been able to identify and palliate insufficiencies in the legislative framework regulating the operation of MSEs, as well as, understand their involvement in economic growth. MSEs are a powerful tool to reduce poverty, facilitate economic development and reinforce policies supporting environmental protection.
Haïti

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
urn:doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.10327
http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/10327

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Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE): a promising tool to diagnose bacterial infections in diabetic foot ulcers.
Auteur(s) : Dunyach-Remy, C Cadière, A Richard, J-L Schuldiner, S Bayle, S Roig, B Sotto, A Lavigne, J-P
Auteurs secondaires : Virulence bactérienne et maladies infectieuses ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université de Montpellier (UM) Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES) ; École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP) École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP) Institut de recherche, santé, environnement et travail [Rennes] (Irset) ; Université d'Angers (UA) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

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Innovations and technical-economic aspects of structural and non-structural applications of composite materials on large passenger vessels and merchant ships.
Auteur(s) : Maccari, A Farolfi, F

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Crisol ; Revista crisol ; Crisol (San José, Costa Rica : 1996)
Auteur(s) : Universidad de Costa Rica -- Oficina de Divulgacio´n e Informacio´n Universidad de Costa Rica -- Oficina de Divulgación e Información

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Probing connections between deep earth and surface processes in a land-locked ocean basin transformed into a giant saline basin: The Mediterranean GOLD project#
Auteur(s) : Rabineau, Marina Cloetingh, S Kuroda, J Aslanian, D Droxler, A Gorini, Christian Garcia-Castellanos, D Moscariello, A
Auteurs secondaires : Domaines Océaniques (LDO) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Institut d'écologie et environnement - Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers - Université de Brest (UBO) - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS) Utrecht University [Utrecht] Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM) ; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) department of earth science ; Rice University [Houston] Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP) ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra Jaume Almera University of Geneva ; Université de Genève (UNIGE)

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
During the last decade, the interaction of deep processes in the lithosphere and mantle with surface processes (erosion, climate, sea-level, subsidence, glacio-isostatic readjustment) has been the subject of heated discussion. The use of a multidisciplinary approach linking geology, geophysics, geodesy, modelling, and geotechnology has led to the awareness of coupled deep and surface processes. Deep earth dynamics (topography, erosion, tectonics) are strongly connected to natural hazards such as earthquakes, landslides, and tsunamis; sedimentary mass transfers have important consequences on isostatic movements and on georesources, geothermal energy repartitions. The ability to read and understand the link between deep Earth dynamics and surface processes has therefore important societal impacts. Ground-truthing at carefully-selected sites of investigation is imperative to better understand these connections.Due to its youth (<30 Ma) and its subsidence history, the almost land-locked Gulf of Lion–Sardinia continental margins system provides a unique record of sedimentary deposition from the Miocene to present. Due to its high subsidence rate, palaeoclimatic variations, tectonic events and vertical evolution are all recorded here at very high resolution. The late Miocene isolation and desiccation of the Mediterranean, the youngest and most catastrophic event, the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC), induced drastic changes in marine environments: widespread deposition of evaporite (gypsum, anhydrite and halite) in the central basin, and intense subaerial erosion along its periphery. These extraordinary mass transfers from land to sea induced strong isostatic re-adjustments that are archived in the sedimentary record and represent a window to the lithospheric rheology and the deep processes.The GOLD (Gulf of Lion Drilling) project, proposes to explore this unique sedimentary record as well as the nature of the deep crustal structure, providing valuable information about the mechanisms underlying vertical motions in basins and their margins.
ISSN: 0264-8172

insu-01197393
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01197393
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01197393/document
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01197393/file/Rabineau%20et%20al.-final-MPG2014_REVISED-FINAL-No-Marked_FINAL%2BFigures.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.03.018

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The eco-citizen youth in the digital age The legal challenges of participatory engagement ; La jeunesse éco-citoyenne à l’heure du numérique Les enjeux juridiques de l’engagement participatif
Auteur(s) : Vieira, Julien
Auteurs secondaires : Centre d’Étude et de Recherche sur le Droit Administratif et la Réforme de l’État (CERDARE) ; Université de Bordeaux (UB) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

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