Éditeur(s) : Paris : Librairie commerciale

Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Université de Nantes. Service commun de la documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/NAN13059-1
NAN13059-1

Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Université des Antilles. Service commun de la documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/HASH015cec1d83692f3063aead21
HASH015cec1d83692f3063aead21

Éditeur(s) : Fort-de-France : Imprimerie du Gouvernement
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Communauté d'agglomération de La Rochelle. Médiathèque Michel-Crépeau
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/MMC16033
MMC16033

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé : International audience
Tension wood of Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichl. (Flacourtiaceae), a neo-tropical forest species, shows a peculiar secondary wall structure, with an alternance of thick and thin layers, while opposite wood of this species has a typical secondary wall structure (S1 + S2 + S3). Samples for the study of microstructural properties were collected upon the estimation of growth stresses in the living tree, in order to analyze the correlation of the former with the latter. Investigation using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and UV microspectrophotometry allowed the description of the anatomy, ultra-structure and chemistry of this peculiar polylaminate secondary wall. In the thick layers, cellulose microfibril angle is very low (i.e., microfibril orientation is close to fibre axis) and cellulose microfibrils are well organized and parallel to each other. In the thin layers, microfibrils (only observable in the inner layer) are less organized and are oriented with a large angle relative to the axis of the cell. Thick layers are lightly lignified although thin layers show a higher content of lignin, close to that of opposite wood secondary wall. The more the wood was under tensile stress, the less the secondary wall was lignified, and lower the syringyl on guaiacyl lignin units' ratio was. The innermost layer of the secondary wall looks like a typical S3 layer with large microfibril angle and lignin occurrence. The interest of this kind of structure for the understanding of stress generation is discussed.
ISSN: 0931-1890

hal-00194923
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00194923
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00194923/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00194923/file/Trees_RuelleYoshidaClairThibaut_submitted2006.pdf
DOI : 10.1007/s00468-007-0128-0

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Pichon et Durand-Auzias New York : Hamilton Bank Note
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 15
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Communauté d'agglomération de La Rochelle. Médiathèque Michel-Crépeau
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/MMC16045
MMC16045

Éditeur(s) : London : T. Fisher Unwin
Extrait de : The south American series
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Archives territoriales de Guyane
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/GAD12011
GAD12011

Éditeur(s) : Basse-Terre : Imp. du Gouvernement
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 17
Provenance : Archives départementales de Guadeloupe
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/ADG18129
ADG18129

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Librairie Hachette
Résumé : Jules Belin de Launay (1814-1883) était un historien, géographe, journaliste, typographe et enseignant. L'ouvrage contient 16 illustrations sur le Brésil. Troisième édition.
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Guyane. Bibliothèque Alexandre-Franconie
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/FRA11203
FRA11203

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy B - Oxford Open Option B
Résumé : International audience
To recover verticality after disturbance, angiosperm trees produce " tension wood " allowing them to bend actively. The driving force of the tension has been shown to take place in the G-layer, a specific unlignified layer of the cell wall observed in most temperate species. However, in tropical rain forests, the G-layer is often absent and the mechanism generating the forces to reorient trees remains unclear. A study was carried out on tilted seedlings, saplings and adult Simarouba amara trees – a species known to not produce a G-layer. Microscopic observations were done on sections of normal and tension wood after staining or observed under UV light to assess the presence/absence of lignin. We showed that S. amara produces a cell-wall layer with all of the characteristics typical of G-layers, but that this G-layer can be observed only as a temporary stage of the cell-wall development because it is masked by a late lignification. Being thin and lignified, tension wood fibres cannot be distinguished from normal wood fibres in the mature wood of adult trees. These observations indicate that the mechanism generating the high tensile stress in tension wood is likely to be the same as that in species with a typical G-layer and also in species where the G-layer cannot be observed in mature cells.
ISSN: 0829-318X

hal-01229280
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01229280
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01229280/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01229280/file/Roussel-Clair-2015-TreePhysiol-LateLignifGLayerSimarouba_preprintHAL.pdf
DOI : 10.1093/treephys/tpv082

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP)
Résumé : International audience
The mechanism for tree orientation in angiosperms is based on the production of high tensile stress on the upper side of the inclined axis. In many species, the stress level is strongly related to the presence of a peculiar layer, called G-layer, in the fibre wall. The structure of G-layer has been recently described as a hydrogel thanks to N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms of supercritically dried samples showing a high mesoporosity (pores size from 2 to 50 nm). This led us to revisit the concept of G-layer that was until now only described from anatomical observation. Adsorption isotherms of both normal wood and tension wood have been measured on six tropical species. Measurements show that mesoporosity is high in tension wood with typical thick G-layer while it is much less with thinner G-layer, sometimes no more than normal wood. The mesoporosity of tension wood species without G-layer is as low as in normal wood. Not depending on the amount of pores, the pore sizes distribution are always centred around 6-12 nm. These results suggest that, among species producing fibres with G-layer, large structural differences of G-layer exist between species
ISSN: 0022-0957

hal-00387861
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00387861
DOI : 10.1093/jxp/erp133

Éditeur(s) : London : William Kidd
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Archives départementales de Guadeloupe
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/ADG17046
ADG17046

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Walter de Gruyter
Résumé : absent
Holzforschung

hal-01031939
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01031939
DOI : 10.1515/HF.2005.057

Éditeur(s) : Paris : A. Challamel
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 18
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Martinique. Bibliothèque Schoelcher
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/SCH13285
SCH13285

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé :  
The anatomy of tension wood and opposite wood was compared in 21 tropical rain forest trees from 21 species belonging to 18 families from French Guyana. Wood secimens were taken from the upper and lower sides of naturally titled trees. Measurement of the growth stress level ensured that the two samples were taken from wood tissues in a different mechanical state: highly tensile-stressed wood on the upper side, called tension wood and normally tensile-stressed wood on the lower side, called opposite wood. Quantitative parameters relating to fibres and vessels were measured on transverse sections of both tension and opposite wood to check if certain criteria can easily discriminate the two kinds of wood. We observed a decrease in the frequency of vessels in the tension wood in all the trees studied. Other criteria concerning shape and surface area of the vessels, fibre diameter or cell wall thickness did not reveal any general trend.At the ultrastructural level, we observed that the microfibril angle in the tension wood sample was lower than in opposite wood in all the trees except one (Licania membranacea).
IAWA Journal

hal-01032149
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032149

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Imprimerie d' E. Duverger
Résumé : 2 Vol.
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Archives départementales de Guadeloupe
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/ADG17116
ADG17116

Éditeur(s) : Paris : Pagnerre
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Communauté d'agglomération de La Rochelle. Médiathèque Michel-Crépeau
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/MMC16006
MMC16006

Éditeur(s) : Hamburg, Paris, Milano : The Albatross
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 20
Provenance : Université Caen Normandie. Service commun de la documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/CAE19035
CAE19035

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé :  
The gelatinous layer (G-layer) of tension wood fibres in hardwood contributes to the mechanical function of the living tree and has significant consequences on properties of solid wood. Its size, shape and structure observed by optical or electron microscopy exhibits characteristic anatomical features. However, we found that sectioning of non-embedded wood samples results in an uncontrolled swelling of the G-layer was monitored by serial sections, from an embedded wood sample, from its trimmed transverse face to that located several hundreds of micrometers deep. The results revealed that the initial cutting before embedding produced a border effect responsible for the swollen nature, which is similar to sections from non-embedded material. After a conventional embedding technique was applied, a section of at least 30 micrometres below the trimming surface is required to observe an un-swollen G-layer.
IAWA Journal

hal-01032054
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032054

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Springer Verlag
Résumé :  
Growth strains were measured in situ in nine trees of three species from a French Guiana tropical rainforest in a clearly active verticality restoration process. The aim was to detect tension wood within the samples. Wood specimens were cut in the vicinity of the growth strain measurements in order to determine the microfibril angle and some mechanical and physical properties. As suspected, tensile growth strain was much higher in tension wood zones, as shown by the slightly higher longitudinal modulus of elasticity. Conversely, tension wood showed reduced compression strength. Longitudinal shrinkage was much higher in tension wood than in opposite wood. Clear relationships between the microfibril angle and longitudinal properties were noted in comparison (i) with those observed in gymnosperm compression wood and (ii) with expected relationships from the organization of wood fibres cell wall structure.
ISSN: 0043-7719

hal-01032114
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01032114
DOI : 10.1007/s00226-010-0323-9

Éditeur(s) : Monachii ; Lipsiae : apud Frid. Fleischer in comm.
Extrait de : Flora brasiliensis : enumeratio plantarum in Brasilia hactenus detectarum quas suis aliorumque botanicorum studiis descriptas et methodo naturali digestas partim icone illustratas
Résumé : Édition : 1855-1875
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier. Service Commun de la Documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/TLS17068
TLS17068